Understanding fluid and interfacial properties in extended nanospace (10-1000 nm) is important for recent advances of nanofluidics. We studied water confined fused-silica nanochannels 50-1500 nm sizes with two types cross-section: (1) square channel nanoscale width depth, (2) plate microscale depth. Viscosity wetting property were simultaneously measured from capillary filling controlled by megapascal external pressure. The viscosity increased nanospace, while the was almost constant....

As endothelial cells are subject to flow shear stress, it is important determine the detailed velocity distribution in microvessels study of mechanical interactions between blood and endothelium. Recently, particle image velocimetry (PIV) has been proposed as a quantitative method measuring fields instantaneously experimental fluid mechanics. The authors have developed highly accurate PIV technique with improved dynamic range. spatial resolution measurement accuracy. In this paper, was...

This paper describes a new high-speed micro PIV technique for measuring both red blood cell velocity and plasma to investigate rheology of flow in microcirculation. The measurement system consists an epi-fluorescent microscope equipped with camera image intensifier two sets colour filters. was applied vitro through round tube 100 µm diameter. Velocity distributions dyed cells seeded fluorescent particles were obtained separately. have high spatial resolution 9.0 × 2.2 temporal 6000 Hz.

This paper reports a new technique of micro-resolution particle image velocimetry (PIV). To investigate transient phenomena in microfluidic device, high-speed micro-PIV was developed by combining camera and continuous wave (CW) laser. The applied to micro counter-current flow, consisting water butyl acetate. velocity fields the flow were visualized for time resolution 500 µs spatial 2.2 × µm2. Using technique, vortex-like motions fluorescent particles around water–butyl acetate interface...

An iterative PIV technique in which the combination of cross-correlation and three-point Gaussian peak fitting for a sub-pixel analysis has been used can improve spatial resolution accuracy measurement. It is reported that root-mean-square (RMS) error order only 0.04 pixels. However, large interrogation window, typically 32×32 pixels or larger, should be taken, resulting low resolution, to achieve high accuracy. The not compatible with resolution. In this paper, new high-resolution based on...

Ion behavior confined in extended nanospace (10(1)-10(3) nm) is important for nanofluidics and nanochemistry with dominant surface effects. In this paper, we developed a new measurement technique of ion distribution the nanochannel by super-resolution-laser-induced fluorescence. Stimulated emission depletion microscopy was used to achieve spatial resolution 87 nm higher than diffraction limit. Fluorescein ratiometric pH two excitation wavelengths. The profile 2D 410 width 405 depth...

The interaction between chemical reactions and the flow field in microfluidic devices is investigated by a laser-induced fluorescence technique refined for use at microscopic spatial resolution. pH distribution of chemically reacting Y-junction neutralization reaction device successfully visualized resolution 0.89 µm × µm.

In this study time-resolved proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is proposed for the new technique of dynamic (digital) particle image velocimetry (DPIV), and applied to coherent structures at near field a round jet flow. Time-resolved POD computed in radial direction, axial direction temporal domain, which turbulence can be easily measured by DPIV. As result, large-scale vortical their spatial evolution mixing layer are uncovered.

The PIV technique is generalized from the viewpoint of identification problem a flow field. process obtaining velocity distribution as an image measurement can be considered parametrization dynamical system. In almost all conventional techniques, evaluated parameters in system using linear model without physics. These methods always give some spurious vectors case shear or vortex flow, and region where tracer particles are scarce. A new based on physics proposed. obtained field satisfies...

Because endothelial cells are subject to flow shear stress, it is important determine the velocity distribution in microvessels during studies of mechanical interactions between blood and endothelium. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) a quantitative method for measuring fields instantaneously experimental fluid mechanics. The authors have developed high-resolution PIV technique that improves dynamic range, spatial resolution, measurement accuracy. proposed was applied images arteriole rat...

Blood flow velocity profile in microvessels is essential for vivo studies of substance exchange between blood and tissue. This paper was aimed to investigate the temporal spatial variations red cell (RBC) arterioles with both bifurcation confluence rat mesentery, using a particle image velocimetry (PIV). The microcirculation mesentery observed under microscopic system high-speed digital camera. images RBCs were recorded simultaneously arterial pressure. Based on video images, instantaneous...

A technique for measuring the full field (x,y,z,u,v,w) velocity distribution of fluid flow at a micrometer scale spatial resolution has been developed. To investigate three-dimensional (3D) structures on microscopic scale, 3D scanning microparticle image velocimetry system was developed by combining high-speed camera, an epifluorescent microscope, cw laser, and piezo actuator. Both numerical simulations experiment were carried out in order to validate measurement accuracy system. Optimum...

This paper describes a novel velocity measurement technique of the gas flow in micro scale order to investigate field. In visualize flow, fluorescent oil particle as trace suitable for was developed. A generator developed optimize its diameter, high intensity, no-adsorption onto channel surface, density, concentration, non-evaporating, electrically neutral, non-toxic, stability with water and no-effect efficiency electronic generation. The applied transparent model PEFC under non-operation...