A5076157236- Connexins and lens biology
- Enzyme Structure and Function
- Intraocular Surgery and Lenses
- Glaucoma and retinal disorders
- Ocular Surface and Contact Lens
- Enzyme Production and Characterization
- Ocular Infections and Treatments
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Protein Structure and Dynamics
- Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Advanced NMR Techniques and Applications
- Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Ocular Disorders and Treatments
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Polyamine Metabolism and Applications
- Advanced Glycation End Products research
- Carbohydrate Chemistry and Synthesis
- Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Advanced Cellulose Research Studies
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Pharmacological Receptor Mechanisms and Effects
- Microbial Metabolism and Applications
Tohoku University
2022-2024
Kyoto University
2016-2023
SPring-8
2023
Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute
2023
National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
2023
Hokkaido University
2010-2022
Kyorin University
1990-2015
Waseda University
2009
Osaka University
2008
Tokai University
1980
Snapshots of bacteriorhodopsin Bacteriorhodopsin is a membrane protein that harvests the energy content from light to transport protons out cell against transmembrane potential. Nango et al. used timeresolved serial femtosecond crystallography at an x-ray free electron laser provide 13 structural snapshots conformational changes occur in nanoseconds milliseconds after photoactivation. These begin active site, propagate toward extracellular side protein, and mediate internal protonation...
The cellulose synthesizing terminal complex consisting of subunits A, B, C, and D in Acetobacter xylinum spans the outer inner cell membranes to synthesize extrude glucan chains, which are assembled into subelementary fibrils further a ribbon. We determined structures subunit (AxCeSD/AxBcsD) with both N- C-terminal His(6) tags, cellopentaose. structure AxCeSD shows an exquisite cylinder shape (height: ∼65 Å, diameter: ∼90 ∼25 Å) right-hand twisted dimer interface on wall, formed by octamer...
Channelrhodopsins (ChRs) are microbial light-gated ion channels utilized in optogenetics to control neural activity with light . Light absorption causes retinal chromophore isomerization and subsequent protein conformational changes visualized as optically distinguished intermediates, coupled channel opening closing. However, the detailed molecular events underlying gating remain unknown. We performed time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallographic analyses of ChR by using an X-ray free...
Abstract In addition to the serotonin 5-HT 2A receptor (5-HT R), dopamine D 2 (D R) is a key therapeutic target of antipsychotics for treatment schizophrenia. The inactive state structures R have been described in complex with inverse agonists risperidone ris ) and haloperidol hal ). Here we describe structure human spiperone spi , conformation extracellular loop (ECL) 2, which composes ligand-binding pocket, was substantially different from those demonstrating that ECL2 highly dynamic....
Chromophore cis/trans photoisomerization is a fundamental process in chemistry and the activation of many photosensitive proteins. A major task understanding effect protein environment on efficiency direction this reaction compared to what observed gas solution phases. In study, we set out visualize hula twist (HT) mechanism fluorescent protein, which hypothesized be preferred spatially constrained binding pocket. We use chlorine substituent break twofold symmetry embedded phenolic group...
A sample-injection device has been developed at SPring-8 Angstrom Compact Free-Electron Laser (SACLA) for serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) atmospheric pressure. Microcrystals embedded in a highly viscous carrier are stably delivered from capillary nozzle with the aid of coaxial gas flow and suction device. The cartridge-type sample reservoir is easily replaceable facilitates reloading or exchange. positioned cooling jacket temperature-regulated water flow, which useful to prevent...
Cellobiose 2-epimerase (CE) reversibly converts d-glucose residues into d-mannose at the reducing end of unmodified β1,4-linked oligosaccharides, including β-1,4-mannobiose, cellobiose, and lactose. CE is responsible for conversion β1,4-mannobiose to 4-O-β-d-mannosyl-d-glucose in mannan metabolism. However, detailed catalytic mechanism unclear due lack structural data complex with ligands. We determined crystal structures halothermophile Rhodothermus marinus (RmCE) substrates/products or...
Enzymatic epimerization is an important modification for carbohydrates to acquire diverse functions attributable their stereoisomers. Cellobiose 2-epimerase (CE) catalyzes interconversion between d-glucose and d-mannose residues at the reducing end of β-1,4-linked oligosaccharides. Here, we solved structure Ruminococcus albus CE (RaCE). The RaCE showed strong similarity those N-acetyl-D-glucosamine aldose-ketose isomerase YihS with a high degree conservation around catalytic center, although...
To evaluate the inhibitory effect of a sharp intraocular lens (IOL) optic edge, capsule bend, and contact pressure between edge posterior on epithelial cell (LEC) migration.Department Ophthalmology, Kyorin University, Tokyo, Japan.This in vitro laboratory study evaluated tumble-polished convex-plano IOL (CP group), an AcrySof (Alcon) with (AS new round ridge (RR (SR group). The 2 IOLs have high ridges angled loops that create firm capsule. After sham cataract surgery, capsular tension ring...
A cataract classification and grading system for the main purpose of epidemiological studies is proposed by Japanese Cooperative Cataract Epidemiology Study Group. Cataractous types are classified principally into cortical, nuclear subcapsular opacities. Stages advancement grade I (early stage), II (moderate stage) III (advanced stage). Regarding cortical opacities an opacified area obtained from red-reflex images utilized judgment. Nuclear opacity based on intensity scattering at nucleus....
We demonstrate high-performance electric-field effects in submicrometer-channel organic transistors with rubrene single crystals. Platinum source and drain electrodes are embedded silicon dioxide gate insulators to reduce thickness of the dielectrics minimize short-channel effect. The miniaturized devices exhibit typical output characteristics Ohmic linear region, well-defined current saturation, on-off ratio 106. Mobility values range 0.1–0.3cm2∕Vs, which is comparable those best...
ABSTRACT Nitrification is an essential biological process that converts ammonia into nitrate via nitrite. In the initial phase of nitrification, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria convert to hydroxylamine and subsequently The electrons generated in this provide energy for cellular growth. study, we observed inhibitory effects plant-derived 1,4-naphthoquinones, including juglone, plumbagin, 1,4-naphthoquinone, on nitrification Nitrosomonas europaea , a typical nitrifying bacterium. These compounds...
Azoreductases from Bacillus sp. B29 are NADH-dependent flavoenzymes which contain a flavin mononucleotide (FMN) as prosthetic group and exist homodimers composed of 23 kDa subunits. These enzymes catalyze the reductive degradation various azo compounds by ping-pong mechanism. In order to determine structure-function relationship azo-dye reduction mechanism, an X-ray crystallographic study azoreductases was performed. Selenomethionine-labelled AzrA (SeMet-AzrA) AzrC were crystallized...
We performed an epidemiological study to identify risk factors of cataract based on 2,243 subjects who underwent a general health checkup. Each subject 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test and blood chemistry analysis. The prevalence rate was higher in diabetic their 50s than nondiabetics the same age range (p < 0.01). incidence vesicular radial lens opacity diabetics 0.05).
Among the epimerases specific to alginate, some of them in Azotobacter genera convert β‐ d ‐mannuronic acid α‐ l ‐guluronic but also have lyase activity degrade alginate. The remarkable characteristics these make it a promising enzyme for tailoring alginates meet demands. Here, we determined structure bifunctional mannuronan C‐5 epimerase AlgE3 from chroococcum ( Ac AlgE3) complex with several mannuronic oligomers as well apo form, which allowed us elucidate binding manner each oligomer, and...
Abstract The subcellular localizations of neurotransmitter receptors are strictly regulated in neurons. Changes the trafficking α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamate (AMPARs) play an essential role synaptic plasticity, which is cellular basis learning and memory. To explore receptor trafficking, genetically encoded approaches (e.g., fusion fluorescent proteins to receptors) often used. However, concerns remain that genetic cannot fully reproduce function...
Bacterial cellulose (BC), which is produced by bacteria, a biodegradable and biocompatible natural resource. Because of its remarkable physicochemical properties, BC has attracted attention for the development manufacture biomedical industrial materials. In production system, enzyme endo-β-1,4-glucanase, belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 8 (GH8), acts as cleaner trimming disordered fibers produce high-quality BC. Understanding molecular mechanism endo-β-1,4-glucanase would help in...