A5102883991- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- RNA modifications and cancer
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- RNA Research and Splicing
The University of Tokyo
2023-2024
The N-terminal tails of histones protrude from the nucleosome core and are target sites for histone modifications, such as acetylation methylation. Histone is considered to enhance transcription in chromatin. However, contribution tail by RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) has not been clarified. In present study, we reconstituted nucleosomes lacking each histone, H2A, H2B, H3 or H4, performed RNAPII assays. We found that H3, but H2B functions pausing at SHL(-5) position nucleosome. Consistently,...
RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) transcribes DNA wrapped in the nucleosome by stepwise pausing, especially at nucleosomal superhelical locations -5 and -1 [SHL(-5) SHL(-1), respectively]. In present study, we performed cryo-electron microscopy analyses of RNAPII-nucleosome complexes paused a major pausing site, SHL(-1). We determined two previously undetected structures, which transcribed behind RNAPII is sharply kinked exit tunnel rewrapped around histones front looping. This kink shifts...
Histone H3.8 is a non-allelic human histone H3 variant derived from H3.3. reportedly forms an unstable nucleosome, but its structure and biochemical characteristics have not been revealed yet. In the present study, we reconstituted nucleosome containing H3.8. Consistent with previous results, thermally as compared to H3.3 nucleosome. The entry/exit DNA regions of are more accessible micrococcal nuclease than those Nucleosome transcription assays that RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) pausing around...
The nucleosome including H2A.B, a mammalian-specific H2A variant, plays pivotal roles in spermatogenesis, embryogenesis, and oncogenesis, indicating unique involvement transcriptional regulation distinct from canonical nucleosomes. Despite its significance, the exact regulatory mechanism remains elusive. This study utilized solid-state nanopores to investigate DNA unwinding dynamics, applying local force between histones. Comparative analysis of H2A.B nucleosomes demonstrated that variant...