A5101989253- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Liver physiology and pathology
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms
- Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
- Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
- Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Organ Transplantation Techniques and Outcomes
- NF-κB Signaling Pathways
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Zebrafish Biomedical Research Applications
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
The University of Tokyo
2017-2024
Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science
2010-2023
National Cancer Center Hospital East
2017
Hokkaido University
1986-2014
Institute of Agrobiological Sciences
2014
Naval Hospital Yokosuka Japan
2014
Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
2014
Fuchu Hospital
1996-2010
University of Miyazaki
2010
Shizuoka University
2006
We examined the effect of 2-arachidonoylglycerol, an endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand, on intracellular free Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentrations in HL-60 cells that express CB2 receptor. found 2-arachidonoylglycerol induces a rapid transient increase Ca<sup>2+</sup>concentrations cells. The response was affected by neither cyclooxygenase inhibitors nor lipoxygenase inhibitors, suggesting arachidonic acid metabolites are not involved. Consistent with this notion, devoid any agonistic...
An endogenous cannabimimetic molecule, 2-arachidonoylglycerol, induces a rapid, transient increase in intracellular free Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentrations NG108–15 cells through cannabinoid CB1 receptor-dependent mechanism. We examined the activities of 24 relevant compounds (2-arachidonoylglycerol, its structural analogues, and several synthetic cannabinoids). found that 2-arachidonoylglycerol is most potent compound so far: activity was detectable from as low 0.3 nm, maximal response induced...
The metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are widely distributed in the brain and play important roles synaptic plasticity. Here it is shown that some types of mGluRs activated not only by but also extracellular Ca 2+ (Ca o ). A single amino acid residue was found to determine sensitivity . One receptors, mGluR1α, its point mutant with reduced , caused morphological changes when transfected into mammalian cells. Thus, sensing may be cells under physiological condition.
The regulation of the collagen II gene was investigated by transfecting plasmids containing potential regulatory sequences this coupled to for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) into various cells. 5' flanking region functioned as a weak promoter when transfected chicken chondrocytes or fibroblasts. Inclusion an 800-base fragment from first intron, however, increased transcription CAT approximately 18-fold in and differentiating limb bud cells but not fibroblasts, myoblasts,...
Hunger and Memory During starvation, are all brain functions slowed down, or specific disabled to save energy? Plaçais Preat (p. 440 ) investigated how the of Drosophila deals with severe resource limitation. The cut selected expenses reduce threat survival switched off formation aversive long-term memory that depends on costly protein synthesis. However, Hirano et al. 443 focused mild food-deprivation, which actually enhanced formation. Presumably, improved should enhance when competing for...
Training-dependent increases in c-fos have been used to identify engram cells encoding long-term memories (LTMs). However, the interaction between transcription factors required for LTM, including CREB and c-Fos, activating kinases such as phosphorylated ERK (pERK) establishment of memory engrams has unclear. Formation LTM an aversive olfactory association flies requires repeated training trials with rest intervals trainings. Here, we find that prolonged interval-dependent pERK induce...
A new member of the dynamin GTPase family (OPA1) was recently identified in humans and shown to be mutated patients with dominant optic atrophy. To understand better function mammalian OPA1, we isolated a mouse ortholog (mOPA1) from brain raised specific antibody against its C terminus. The subcellular distribution mOPA1 overexpressed COS-7 cells largely overlapped that endogenous cytochrome c, well known mitochondrial marker, dramatically affected morphology, altering it tubular vesicular....
Collagen II, the major component of cartilage, is synthesized primarily by chondrocytes and certain cells in eye. Previously, we have studied regulatory regions collagen II gene DNA transfection assays (Horton, W., Miyashita, T., Kohno, K., Yamada, Y. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84, 8864-8868). These studies show that both promoter an enhancer sequence first intron are required for high transcriptional activity chondrocytes. elements do not significant which synthesize such as...
• Premise of the study: Looming petroleum shortages and projected negative impacts human-induced climate change may be partly alleviated by development use bioenergy feedstock crops. Miscanthus ×giganteus, a highly productive sterile triploid hybrid grass that was discovered in Japan several decades ago, has considerable potential as an alternative source energy. Given risks, however, involved reliance upon production one clone this hybrid, which is natural cross between sacchariflorus...
Transcriptional disturbance is implicated in the pathology of polyglutamine diseases, including Huntington's disease (HD). However, it unknown whether transcriptional repression leads to neuronal death or what forms that might take. We found repression-induced atypical (TRIAD) neurons be distinct from apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy. The progression TRIAD was extremely slow comparison with other types cell death. Gene expression profiling revealed reduction full-length yes-associated protein...
During
The type II collagen gene (Col2a1) is expressed primarily in chondrocytes. Transcription of Col2a1 mediated by cell-specific regulatory elements located within the promoter and first intron. Here, we map a minimal enhancer identify that determine cartilage-specific expression analyzing activity series chimeric genes consisting rat intron deletion mutants ligated to chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene. We show 100-base pair (bp) segment minimum size necessary for high level, cell...
The stepwise formation and characterization of linkage unit intermediates their functions in ribitol teichoic acid biosynthesis were studied with membranes obtained from Staphylococcus aureus H Bacillus subtilis W23. labeled polymer CDP-[14C]ribitol CDP-glycerol each membrane system was markedly stimulated by the addition N-acetylmannosaminyl(beta 1----4)N-acetylglucosamine (ManNAc-GlcNAc) linked to pyrophosphorylyisoprenol. Whereas incubation S. ManNAc-[14C]GlcNAc-PP-prenol led synthesis...
Long-term memory (LTM) formation requires de novo gene expression in neurons, and subsequent structural functional modification of synapses. However, the importance glia during this process has not been well studied. In report, we characterize a cell adhesion molecule, Klingon (Klg), which is required for LTM Drosophila . We found that Klg localizes to juncture between neurons glia, both types LTM. further glial gene, repo , reduced klg mutants knockdown lines. LTM, increases upon induction....
Age-related memory impairment (AMI) is a critical and debilitating phenotype of brain aging, but its underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. In Drosophila , AMI highly correlated with PKA activity in the mushroom bodies, neural centers essential for forming associative olfactory memories. Heterozygous mutations DC0 ( /+), which encodes major catalytic subunit (PKAc), significantly suppress AMI, while overexpression transgene + ) impairs occludes AMI. does not increase upon it...
Polyglutamine tract-binding protein-1 (PQBP1) is involved in the transcription-splicing coupling, and its mutations cause a group of human mental retardation syndromes. We generated fly model which Drosophila homolog PQBP1 (dPQBP1) repressed by insertion piggyBac. In classical odor conditioning, learning acquisition was significantly impaired homozygous piggyBac-inserted flies, whereas following memory retention completely normal. Mushroom bodies (MBs) antennal lobes were morphologically...
We synthesized 2-arachidonoylglycerol (1), an endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand, and its metabolically stable ether-linked analogues. Compound 1 was from 1, 3-benzylideneglycerol (6) arachidonic acid in the presence of N, N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide 4-dimethylaminopyridine followed by treatment with boric trimethyl borate. An analogue (2) 6 5, 8, 11, 14-eicosatetraenyl iodide (9). The analogues 2-palmitoylglycerol (4) 2-oleoyglycerol (5) were hexadecyl (12) 9-octadecenyl (14),...
Biological efficacy of a recombinant human hepatic cell line, glutamine synthetase transfected HepG2 (GS-HepG2), was examined with large-scale culture in circulatory flow bioreactor and pigs ischemic liver failure. GS-HepG2 cells were cultured from 5 x 10(7) to 4 10(9) for 109 days. The showed ammonia removal activity even under substrate (glutamic acid)-free medium, suggesting that the GS catalyzed using intracellular glutamic acid had been pooled during conventional culture. When...