A5081461643- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Pregnancy and Medication Impact
- Immune cells in cancer
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Amoebic Infections and Treatments
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- CAR-T cell therapy research
- Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Parasites and Host Interactions
Leibniz Institute of Virology (LIV)
2016-2024
Institute of Virology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
2024
University of Potsdam
2014
University of Freiburg
2014
RWTH Aachen University
2012
Immune responses differ between women and men, type I interferon (IFN) following Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) stimulation are higher in women. The precise mechanisms driving these sex differences immunity unknown. To investigate possible genetic factors, we quantify escape from X chromosome inactivation (XCI) for TLR7 four other genes (RPS6KA3, CYBB, BTK, IL13RA1) at the single plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) level. We observe XCI all investigated genes, leading to biallelic expression...
Abstract Hepatic amebiasis, predominantly occurring in men, is a focal destruction of the liver due to invading protozoan Entamoeba histolytica . Classical monocytes as well testosterone are identified have important functions for development hepatic amebiasis mice, but link between and has not been identified. Here we show that treatment induces proinflammatory responses human mouse classical monocytes. When treated with 5α-dihydrotestosterone, strong androgen receptor ligand, increase...
The crosstalk between NK cells and their surrounding environment is enabled through activating inhibitory receptors, which tightly control cell activity. co-inhibitory receptor TIGIT decreases cytotoxicity involved in exhaustion, but has also been associated with liver regeneration, highlighting that the contribution of human intrahepatic CD56 bright regulating tissue homeostasis remains incompletely understood. A targeted single-cell mRNA analysis revealed distinct transcriptional...
The outcomes of many diseases differ between women and men, with experiencing a higher incidence more severe pathogenesis autoimmune some infectious diseases. It has been suggested that this is partially due to activation plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), the main producers interferon (IFN)-α, in response toll-like receptor (TLR)7 stimulation. We investigated induction type I IFN (IFN-I) subtypes upon TLR7 stimulation on isolated pDCs. Our data revealed sex-specific differential...
Type I interferons (IFN-I) are important mediators of antiviral immunity and autoimmune diseases. Female plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) exert an elevated capacity to produce IFN-I upon toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) activation compared male pDCs, both sex hormones X-encoded genes have been implicated in these sex-specific differences. Using longitudinal samples from a trans men cohort receiving gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT), the impact testosterone injections on TLR7-mediated...
Differences in immune responses between women and men are leading to a strong sex bias the incidence of autoimmune diseases that predominantly affect women, such as multiple sclerosis (MS). MS manifests more than twice many making one most important risk factor. However, it is incompletely understood which genes contribute differences incidence. To address that, we conducted gene expression analysis female male human spleen identified transmembrane protein CD99 significantly differentially...
The pre-clinical and clinical development of viral vehicles for gene transfer increased in recent years a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) drug took center stage upon approval the European Union. However, lack standardization, inefficient purification methods complicated retargeting limit general usability. We address these obstacles by fusing rAAV-2 capsids with two modular targeting molecules (DARPin or Affibody) specific cancer cell-surface marker (EGFR) while simultaneously...
Early life is characterized by extraordinary challenges, including rapid tissue growth and immune adaptation to foreign antigens after birth. During this developmental stage, infants have an increased risk of immune-mediated diseases. Here, we demonstrate that tissue-resident, interleukin (IL)-13- IL-4-producing group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are enriched in human infant intestines compared adult intestines. Organoid systems were employed assess the role intestinal ILC2s development...
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease manifestations differ between cisgender women and men, including better control of viral replication during primary infection less frequent residual HIV-1 on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in with (WWH). Investigating plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) functions reservoir sizes 20 WWH stable ART, we observed inverse correlations interferon-α tumor necrosis factor responses pDCs to Toll-like receptor 7/8 stimulation intact/total proviral DNA...
Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAV) provide outstanding options for customization and superior capabilities gene therapy. To access their full potential, facile genetic manipulation is pivotal, including capsid loop modifications. Therefore, we assessed tolerance to modifications of the structural VP proteins in terms stability plasticity. Flexible glycine-serine linkers increasing sizes were, at level, introduced into 587 region serotype 2, best studied AAV representative. Analyses...
Sex-specific differences have been described for a variety of infectious and autoimmune diseases. In HIV-1 infection women present with significantly lower viral loads during early infection, but chronic progress faster to AIDS the same amount replication. Recent studies shown that sex might also include size latent reservoir, which represents major obstacle towards cure HIV-1. Here we review different immunological virological aspects can be influenced by hormones sex-specific genetic...
The transcription factor promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger protein (PLZF) is involved in the development of natural killer (NK) cells and innate lymphoid cells, including liver-resident NK mice. In human role PLZF liver residency still unknown. Expression matched peripheral blood- liver-derived association expression with surface molecules factors relevant for tissue were investigated using multiparameter flow cytometry assessing single-cell messenger RNA (mRNA) levels. Intrahepatic cluster...
The non‐random chromosomal translocations t(10;11)(p13;q23) and t(10;11)(p13;q14–21) result in leukemogenic fusion proteins comprising the coiled coil domain of transcription factor AF10 MLL or CALM, respectively, subsequently cause certain types acute leukemia. coiled‐coil domain, which is crucial for effect, has been shown to interact with GAS41, a protein previously identified as product an amplified gene glioblastoma. Using sequential synthetic peptides, we mapped potential AF10/GAS41...
X-chromosomal genes escaping from X chromosome inactivation (XCI) in immune cells can contribute to sex-specific differences responses. This protocol describes the specific steps determine escape XCI and simultaneously quantify mRNA expression of multiple at single cell level using a single-nucleotide polymorphism approach. The furthermore allows analysis allele-specific genes. For complete details on use execution this protocol, please refer Hagen et al. (2020).