A5045383722- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Gut microbiota and health
- Biochemical and Structural Characterization
- Infant Health and Development
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Digestive system and related health
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- CAR-T cell therapy research
- Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
- Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Algal biology and biofuel production
- Polydiacetylene-based materials and applications
- Chemical Synthesis and Analysis
- Sarcoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
2025
The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
2012-2023
Fujita Health University
2023
University of Southern California
2012-2022
Oryn Therapeutics (United States)
2017-2022
The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston
2019-2021
Galveston College
2018
Creative Commons
2018
Hanoi Medical University
2017-2018
Texas Tech University
2014-2017
Helios, a member of the Ikaros transcription factor family, is preferentially expressed at mRNA level by regulatory T cells (Treg cells). We evaluated Helios protein expression using newly generated mAb and demonstrated that it in all thymocytes double negative 2 stage thymic development. Although was 100% CD4(+)CD8(-)Foxp3(+) thymocytes, its peripheral lymphoid tissues restricted to subpopulation ( approximately 70%) Foxp3(+) mice humans. Neither mouse nor human naive induced express Foxp3...
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) is an inhibitory receptor found on immune cells. The consequences of mutations in CTLA4 humans are unknown. We identified germline heterozygous subjects with severe dysregulation from four unrelated families. Whereas Ctla4 mice have no obvious phenotype, human haploinsufficiency caused FoxP3(+) regulatory (Treg) cells, hyperactivation effector and lymphocytic infiltration target organs. Patients also exhibited progressive loss circulating B...
Analysis of rhesus macaque leukocytes disclosed the presence an 18-residue macrocyclic, tridisulfide antibiotic peptide in granules neutrophils and monocytes. The peptide, termed theta defensin-1 (RTD-1), is microbicidal for bacteria fungi at low micromolar concentrations. Antibacterial activity cyclic was threefold greater than that open-chain analog, conformation required antimicrobial 150 millimolar sodium chloride. Biosynthesis RTD-1 involves head-to-tail ligation two α-defensin–related...
TGF-β family members are highly pleiotropic cytokines with diverse regulatory functions. is normally found in the latent form associated latency-associated peptide (LAP). This complex can associate TGFβ-binding protein (LTBP) to produce a large form. Latent also on surface of activated FOXP3 + T cells (Tregs), but it unclear how anchored cell membrane. We show that GARP or LRRC32, leucine-rich repeat molecule unknown function, critical for tethering surface. demonstrate platelets and Tregs...
CD4+FoxP3+ regulatory T (T reg) cells comprise a separate lineage of that are essential for maintaining immunological tolerance to self. The molecular mechanism(s) by which reg mediate their suppressive effects remains poorly understood. One molecule has been extensively studied in cell suppression is transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, but its importance controversial. We found TGF-β complexed latency-associated peptide (LAP) expressed on the surface activated not resting cells. LAP–TGF-β...
Few treatments for human diseases have received as much investigation in the past 20 years probiotics. In 2017, English-language meta-analyses totaling 52 studies determined effect of probiotics on conditions ranging from necrotizing enterocolitis and colic infants to constipation, irritable bowel syndrome, hepatic encephalopathy adults. The strongest evidence favor lies prevention or treatment 5 disorders: enterocolitis, acute infectious diarrhea, respiratory tract infections,...
The gut microbiome plays an important role in immune function and has been implicated multiple sclerosis (MS). However, how if the modulation of microbiota can prevent or treat MS remain largely unknown. In this study, we showed that probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (L. reuteri) ameliorated development murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a widely used animal model MS, which is primarily mediated by TH17 TH1 cells. We discovered L. treatment reduced TH1/TH17 cells...
Defensins comprise a potent class of membrane disruptive antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with well-characterized broad spectrum and selective microbicidal effects. By using high-resolution synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering to investigate interactions between heterogeneous membranes members the defensin subfamilies, α-defensins (Crp-4), β-defensins (HBD-2, HBD-3), θ-defensins (RTD-1, BTD-7), we show how these all permeabilize model bacterial but not eukaryotic membranes: defensins...
Rhesus θ-defensin 1 (RTD-1) is a unique tridisulfide, cyclic antimicrobial peptide formed by the ligation of two 9-residue sequences derived from heterodimeric splicing similar 76-amino acid, α-defensin-related precursors, termed RTD1a and RTD1b (Tang, Y. Q., Yuan, J., Osapay, G., K., Tran, D., Miller, C. Ouellette, A. Selsted, M. E. (1999)<i>Science</i> 286, 498–502). The structures RTD-2 RTD-3 were predicted to exist if homodimeric occurs <i>in vivo</i>. Western blotting disclosed presence...
Abstract Indolicidin is a tridecapeptide amide isolated from the cytoplasmic granules of bovine neutrophils. It has potent, broad spectrum microbicidal activities in vitro that are thought to be related membrane-disruptive properties peptide. Based on putative membrane-targeted mode action, we postulated indolicidin would active against HIV-1, an enveloped virus. was reproducibly virucidal HIV-1 at concentration 333 μg/mL (174 μM) with 50% inhibitory dose between 67 and 100 μg/mL. At 37°,...
Regulatory T (T reg) cell deficiency causes lethal, CD4+ cell–driven autoimmune diseases. Stem transplantation is used to treat these diseases, but this procedure limited by the availability of a suitable donor. The intestinal microbiota drives host immune homeostasis regulating differentiation and expansion reg, Th1, Th2 cells. It currently unclear if reg deficiency–mediated disorders can be treated targeting enteric microbiota. Here, we demonstrate that Foxp3+ results in gut microbial...
Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) constitute a recently characterized family of pattern-recognition molecules that are conserved from insects to humans and implicated in mammalian innate immunity. Here we report the isolation, characterization, cDNA cloning, antimicrobial activities bovine PGRP ortholog termed oligosaccharide-binding protein (bOBP). Milligram quantities bOBP were purified peripheral leukocytes, thus allowing for characterization disulfide array determining <i>in...
ABSTRACT We evaluated the efficacy of rhesus theta-defensin 1 (RTD-1), a novel cyclic antimicrobial peptide, as prophylactic antiviral in mouse model severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (CoV) lung disease. BALB/c mice exposed to mouse-adapted strain SARS-CoV demonstrated 100% survival and modest reductions pathology without virus titer when treated with two intranasal doses RTD-1, while mortality untreated was ∼75%. RTD-1-treated, SARS-CoV-infected displayed altered tissue...
Abstract Stimulation of mouse CD4 + T cells in the presence TGF‐β results expression Foxp3 and induction reg function. human under similar conditions Foxp3, but lack regulatory cell expressed on surface also induces function responder cells. Both these mechanisms may play a role vivo antigen‐specific extra‐thymic . See accompanying commentary: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eji.200738109
FOXP3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) are central to the maintenance of self-tolerance and immune homeostasis. The mechanisms action cellular targets for Treg-mediated suppression remain controversial. critical adhesion molecules utilized by Tregs interaction with their target have not been well characterized. We show that human CD4(+)FOXP3(+)CD25(high) (hTregs) suppress activation mouse responders as efficiently Tregs. LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) on hTregs is suppressor function, since can be reversed...
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an inflammatory disease of the intestine in premature infants. Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 improves survival and reduces incidence severity NEC a rodent model. Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) maintain intestinal homeostasis by controlling inflammation inducing tolerance. To determine whether there are insufficient numbers Tregs to control if LR17938 increases frequency Tregs, we studied selected groups newborn Sprague-Dawley rats according feeding...
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an inflammatory disease with evidence of increased production proinflammatory cytokines in the intestinal mucosa. Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (LR17938) has been shown to have anti-inflammatory activities experimental model NEC. Activated effector lymphocyte recruitment sites inflammation requires sequential engagement adhesion molecules such as CD44. The phenotype CD44(+)CD45RB(lo) separates T effector/memory (Tem) cells from naive (CD44(-)CD45RB(hi))...
Over the past decade, much has been learnt and more to discover about Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). Initially, it was thought that Tregs were a unique entity originates in thymus. It is now recognized there fraternal twin sibling generated periphery. The difficulty distinction between these two subsets. ability detect, monitor analyze subsets health disease will provide invaluable insights into their functions purposes. plasticity mechanisms of action can be not overlapping within...