A5031737712- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies
- Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Potato Plant Research
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Sunflower and Safflower Cultivation
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Soybean genetics and cultivation
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Plant pathogens and resistance mechanisms
- Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems
- Protist diversity and phylogeny
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies
- Fungal and yeast genetics research
Wageningen University & Research
2016-2025
Centre for BioSystems Genomics
2008-2022
Academia Sinica
2014
Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microbiology
2014
Planta
2013
Utrecht University
2010
Graduate School Experimental Plant Sciences
1999-2010
GTx (United States)
2002-2008
Virginia Tech
2006
Joint Genome Institute
2006
The genome of Phytophthora infestans, the pathogen that triggered Irish potato famine in nineteenth century, has been sequenced. It remains a devastating pathogen, with late blight destroying crops worth billions dollars each year. Blight is difficult to control, part because it adapts so quickly genetically resistant strains. Comparison two other genomes shows rapid turnover and extensive expansion specific families secreted disease effector proteins, including many genes induced during...
Draft genome sequences have been determined for the soybean pathogen Phytophthora sojae and sudden oak death ramorum. Oömycetes such as these species share kingdom Stramenopila with photosynthetic algae diatoms, presence of many genes probable phototroph origin supports a ancestry stramenopiles. Comparison two species' genomes reveals rapid expansion diversification protein families associated plant infection hydrolases, ABC transporters, toxins, proteinase inhibitors, and, in particular,...
Many oomycete and fungal plant pathogens are obligate biotrophs, which extract nutrients only from living tissue cannot grow apart their hosts. Although these cause substantial crop losses, little is known about the molecular basis or evolution of biotrophy. Here, we report genome sequence Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis (Hpa), an biotroph natural pathogen Arabidopsis thaliana. In comparison with genomes related, hemibiotrophic Phytophthora species, Hpa exhibits dramatic reductions in genes...
Pathogens secrete effector molecules that facilitate the infection of their hosts. A number effectors identified in plant pathogenic Phytophthora species possess N-terminal motifs (RXLR-dEER) required for targeting these into host cells. Here, we bioinformatically identify >370 candidate genes each genomes P. sojae and ramorum. single superfamily, termed avirulence homolog (Avh) genes, accounts most effectors. The Avh proteins show extensive sequence divergence but are all related likely...
Potato is the world's fourth largest food crop yet it continues to endure late blight, a devastating disease caused by Irish famine pathogen Phytophthora infestans. Breeding broad-spectrum resistance (R) genes into potato (Solanum tuberosum) best strategy for genetically managing blight but current approaches are slow and inefficient. We used repertoire of effector predicted computationally from P. infestans genome accelerate identification, functional characterization, cloning potentially R...
Abstract Background Pythium ultimum is a ubiquitous oomycete plant pathogen responsible for variety of diseases on broad range crop and ornamental species. Results The P. genome (42.8 Mb) encodes 15,290 genes has extensive sequence similarity synteny with related Phytophthora species, including the potato blight infestans . Whole transcriptome sequencing revealed expression 86% genes, detectable differential suites under abiotic stress in presence host. predicted proteome includes large...
In plants, an active defense against biotrophic pathogens is dependent on a functional continuum between the cell wall (CW) and plasma membrane (PM). It thus anticipated that proteins maintaining this also function in defense. The legume-like lectin receptor kinase LecRK-I.9 putative mediator of CW-PM adhesions Arabidopsis known to bind vitro Phytophthora infestans RXLR-dEER effector IPI-O via RGD attachment motif present IPI-O. Here we show associated with membrane, two T-DNA insertions...
Phytophthora infestans, the agent of potato and tomato late blight disease, produces a 10-kD extracellular protein, INF1 elicitin. induces hypersensitive response in restricted number plants, particularly those genus Nicotiana. In virulence assays with different P. infestans isolates, five Nicotiana species displayed resistance responses. all interactions, after inoculation zoospores, penetration an epidermal cell was observed, followed by localized necrosis typical response. To determine...
Most species of the genus Phytophthora produce 10-kDa extracellular protein elicitors, collectively termed elicitins. Elicitins induce hypersensitive response in a restricted number plants, particularly Nicotiana within Solanaceae family. A cDNA encoding INF1, major secreted elicitin infestans, pathogen solanaceous was isolated and characterized. The expression corresponding inf1 gene during disease cycle P. infestans analyzed. shown to be expressed mycelium grown various culture media,...
Oomycetes in the class Saprolegniomycetidae of Eukaryotic kingdom Stramenopila have evolved as severe pathogens amphibians, crustaceans, fish and insects, resulting major losses aquaculture damage to aquatic ecosystems. We sequenced 63 Mb genome fresh water pathogen, Saprolegnia parasitica. Approximately 1/3 assembled exhibits loss heterozygosity, indicating an efficient mechanism for revealing new variation. Comparison S. parasitica with plant pathogenic oomycetes suggests that during...
Establishment of a nitrogen-fixing root nodule is accompanied by developmentally regulated expression nodulin genes, only some which, the so-called early are expressed in stages preceding actual nitrogen fixation. We have isolated soybean cDNA clones representing genes and studied clone pENOD2 detail. The insert this hybridizes to nodule-specific RNA 1200 nucleotides length. that was hybrid-selected cloned ENOD2 DNA vitro translated produce two nodulins with an apparent M r 75,000, N-75...
Phytophthora infestans is able to produce oospores in leaves of potato and tomato plants after inoculation with a mixture Al A2 mating‐type isolates. Various conditions for oospore formation were analysed. Under controlled conditions, produced at temperatures ranging from 5 25° C. In cultivar Bintje incubated 15°C, oogonia antheridia observed 6 days thick‐walled appeared 3‐4 later. field experiments found stems cultivars Bintje, Irene Pimpernel leaves, fruits Moneymaker within 2 weeks...
Interactions between plant cell walls and plasma membranes are essential for cells to function properly, but the molecules that mediate structural continuity wall membrane unknown. Some of these interactions, which visualized upon tissue plasmolysis in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), disrupted by RGD (arginine-glycine-aspartic acid) tripeptide sequence, a characteristic adhesion motif mammals. In planta induced-O (IPI-O) is an RGD-containing protein from pathogen Phytophthora infestans...
In plants, lectin receptor kinases are considered to play crucial roles during development and in the adaptive response various stimuli. Arabidopsis can be divided into three type-classes based on sequence similarity of their extracellular motifs. The current study focuses legume-like (LecRKs), which regarded as ideal candidates for monitoring cell wall integrity possibly functional responses. An inventory LecRK gene family is presented here. It consists 45 members including that were...
To overview the gene content of important pathogen Phytophthora infestans, large-scale cDNA and genomic sequencing was performed. A set 75,757 high-quality expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from P. infestans obtained 20 libraries representing a broad range growth conditions, stress responses, developmental stages. These included infestans-potato -tomato interactions, which 963 ESTs were identified. complement ESTs, onefold coveragethe genome regions coding potential unigene 18,256 sequences...
Downy mildews are the most speciose group of oomycetes and affect crops great economic importance. So far, there is only a single deeply-sequenced downy mildew genome available, from Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis. Further genomic resources for required to study their evolution, including pathogenicity effector proteins, such as RxLR effectors. Plasmopara halstedii devastating pathogen sunflower potential pathosystem model mildews, several Avr-genes R-genes have been predicted unlike...
Resistance in potato against the oomycete Phytophthora infestans is conditioned by resistance (R) genes that are introgressed from wild Solanum spp. into cultivated potato. According to gene-for-gene model, proteins encoded R recognize race-specific effectors resulting a hypersensitive response (HR). We isolated P. avirulence gene PiAvr4 using combined approach of genetic mapping, transcriptional profiling, and bacterial artificial chromosome marker landing. encodes 287-amino-acid-protein...
• A detailed molecular understanding of how oomycete plant pathogens evade disease resistance is essential to inform the deployment durable (R) genes. Map-based cloning, transient expression in planta, pathogen transformation and DNA sequence variation across diverse isolates were used identify characterize PiAVR2 from potato late blight Phytophthora infestans. an RXLR-EER effector that up-regulated during infection, accumulates at site haustoria formation, recognized inside host cells by...