A5063460244- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Electrolyte and hormonal disorders
- Ion Transport and Channel Regulation
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Ion channel regulation and function
- melanin and skin pigmentation
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology
- Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
Leipzig University
2016-2025
University of Global Health Equity
2023-2024
University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
2015
Novo Nordisk Foundation
2015
University of Amsterdam
2015
Universität Hamburg
2015
Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
2015
Leiden University
2015
Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
1993-2015
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
2015
Tight junctions seal the paracellular pathway of epithelia but, in leaky tissues, also exhibit specific permeability. In order to characterize contribution claudin-2 barrier and permeability properties tight junction detail, we studied two strains Madin-Darby canine kidney cells (MDCK-C7 MDCK-C11) with different junctional permeabilities. Monolayers C7 exhibited a high transepithelial resistance (>1 kOhms cm(2)), compared C11 (<100 Ohms cm(2)). Genuine expression claudin-1 claudin-2, but not...
Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome enables monocytes and macrophages to release high levels interleukin-1β during inflammatory responses. Concentrations extracellular calcium can increase at sites infection, inflammation or cell activation. Here we show that increased activates via stimulation G protein-coupled sensing receptors. is mediated by signalling through calcium-sensing receptor GPRC6A phosphatidyl inositol/Ca(2+) pathway. The resulting in intracellular concentration triggers...
There are many striking examples of phenotypic convergence in nature, some cases associated with changes the same genes. But even mutations gene may have different biochemical properties and thus evolutionary consequences. Here we dissect molecular mechanism convergent evolution three lizard species blanched coloration on gypsum dunes White Sands, New Mexico. These Sands forms rapidly evolved cryptic last few thousand years, presumably to avoid predation. We use cell-based assays demonstrate...
Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) comprise the second largest yet least studied class of GPCR superfamily. aGPCRs are involved in many developmental processes and immune synaptic functions, but mode their signal transduction is unclear. Here, we show that a short peptide sequence (termed Stachel sequence) within ectodomain two (GPR126 GPR133) functions as tethered agonist. Upon structural changes receptor ectodomain, this intramolecular agonist exposed to seven-transmembrane...
The melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) regulates pigmentation in humans and other vertebrates. Variants of MC1R with reduced function are associated pale skin color red hair primarily European origin. We amplified sequenced a fragment the gene ( mc1r ) from two Neanderthal remains. Both specimens have mutation that was not found ∼3700 modern analyzed. Functional analyses show this variant reduces activity to level alters and/or humans. impaired suggests Neanderthals varied levels, potentially on...
The nuclear envelope (NE) is one of the least characterized structures eukaryotic cells. study its functional roles hampered by small number proteins known to be specifically located it. Here, we present a comprehensive characterization NE proteome. We applied different fractionation procedures and isolated protein subsets derived from distinct compartments. identified 148 16-benzyl dimethyl hexadecyl ammonium chloride (16-BAC) gel electrophoresis matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization...
The A2a adenosine receptor is a member of the G-protein coupled family, and its activation stimulates cyclic AMP production. To determine residues which are involved in ligand binding, several transmembrane domains 5-7 were individually replaced with alanine other amino acids. binding properties resultant mutant receptors determined transfected COS-7 cells. study expression levels cells, tagged at their terminus hemagglutinin epitope, allowed immunological detection plasma membrane by...
By amplifying the melanocortin type 1 receptor from woolly mammoth, we can report complete nucleotide sequence of a nuclear-encoded gene an extinct species. We found two alleles and show that one allele produces functional protein whereas other encodes with strongly reduced activity. This finding suggests mammoths may have been polymorphic in coat color, both dark- light-haired individuals co-occurring.
The myelin sheath surrounding axons ensures that nerve impulses travel quickly and efficiently, allowing for the proper function of vertebrate nervous system. We previously showed adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor (aGPCR) Gpr126 is essential peripheral system myelination, although molecular mechanisms by which functions were incompletely understood. aGPCRs are a significantly understudied protein class, it was unknown whether couples to G-proteins. Here, we analyze Dhh(Cre);Gpr126(fl/fl)...
Convergent evolution is a widespread phenomenon seen in diverse organisms inhabiting similar selective environments. However, it unclear if phenotypes are produced by the same or different genes and mutations. Here we analyze molecular mechanisms underlying convergent pigment pattern among subspecies of beach mouse (Peromyscus polionotus) Gulf Atlantic coasts Florida. In these two geographic regions, separated more than 300 km, "beach mice" have lighter colored coats do their mainland...
A common feature of domestic animals is tameness-i.e., they tolerate and are unafraid human presence handling. To gain insight into the genetic basis tameness aggression, we studied an intercross between two lines rats (Rattus norvegicus) selected over >60 generations for increased aggression against humans, respectively. We measured 45 traits, including anxiety-related organ weights, levels serum components in >700 from population. Using 201 markers, identified significant quantitative...
The interplay of microbiota and the human host is physiologically crucial in health diseases. beneficial effects lactic acid bacteria (LAB), permanently colonizing intestine or transiently obtained from food, have been extensively reported. However, molecular understanding how LAB modulate physiology still limited. G protein-coupled receptors for hydroxycarboxylic acids (HCAR) are regulators immune functions energy homeostasis under changing metabolic dietary conditions. Most mammals two...
Adhesion class G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCR) form the second largest group of seven-transmembrane-spanning (7TM) whose molecular layout and function differ from canonical 7TM receptors. Despite their essential roles in immunity, tumorigenesis, development, mechanisms aGPCR activation signal transduction have remained obscure to date. Here, we use a transgenic assay define protein domains required vivo for activity prototypical LAT-1/Latrophilin Caenorhabditis elegans. We show that GPCR...
Adhesion GPCRs (aGPCRs) form the second largest, yet most enigmatic class of GPCR superfamily. Although physiologic importance aGPCRs was demonstrated in several studies, majority these receptors is still orphan with respect to their agonists and signal transduction. Recent studies reported that are activated through a tethered peptide agonist, coined Stachel sequence. The sequence C-terminal part highly conserved autoproteolysis-inducing domain. Here, we used cell culture-based assays...
Abstract Increased extracellular Ca 2+ concentrations ([Ca ] ex ) trigger activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in monocytes through calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR). To prevent extraosseous calcification vivo, serum protein fetuin-A stabilizes calcium and phosphate into 70-100 nm-sized colloidal calciprotein particles (CPPs). Here we show that engulf CPPs via macropinocytosis, this process is strictly dependent on CaSR signaling triggered by increases [Ca . Enhanced macropinocytosis results...
Abstract Parabens are preservatives widely used in consumer products including cosmetics and food. Whether low-dose paraben exposure may cause adverse health effects has been discussed controversially recent years. Here we investigate the effect of prenatal on childhood overweight by combining epidemiological data from a mother–child cohort with experimental approaches. Mothers reporting use paraben-containing cosmetic have elevated urinary concentrations. For butyl (BuP) positive...