Recently developed integral imaging techniques are reviewed. Integral captures and reproduces the light rays from object space, enabling acquisition display of three-dimensional information in an efficient way. Continuous effort on has been improving performance capture process various aspects, including distortion, resolution, viewing angle, depth range. Digital data processing captured can now visualize structure with a high degree freedom enhanced quality. This recent progress is interest...

A novel system of optical see-through augmented reality (AR) is proposed by making use a holographic element (HOE) with full-color and lens-array functions. The HOE provides property three-dimensional (3D) virtual images, for it functions as conventional lens array only Bragg-matched lights. An recording setup was built, recorded 30 mm×60 mm sized using the techniques spatial multiplexing large-area wavelength imaging. experimental results confirm that suggested can provide 3D images in AR system.

We demonstrate a tabletop holographic display system for simultaneously serving continuous parallax 3.2-inch 360-degree three-dimensional image content to multiple observers at 45-degree oblique viewing circumference. To achieve this, localized windows are be seamlessly generated on the In proposed system, four synchronized high-speed digital micro-mirror displays optically configured comprise single 2 by multi-vision panel that enables size enlargement and time-division-multiplexing of...

The principles and characteristics of see-through 3D displays are presented. We especially focus on the integral-imaging display system using a holographic optical element (IDHOE), which is able to images satisfy property at same time. technique has advantage high transparency capability displaying autostereoscopic images. have analyzed properties IDHOE for both recording stages. Furthermore, various studies new applications improvements introduced. Thanks volume grating, it possible...

In this paper, we propose a real-time incoherent digital holographic (IDH) recording system free from bias and twin-image noises. A motionless three-step polarization-encoded phase-shifter operating at 99 Hz is realized with two electrically controllable birefringence-mode liquid crystal cells in tandem geometric phase lens polarizers. Based on the proposed optical configuration, coaxial straight-line self-interference IDH devised. Notably, elimination of noise three phase-shifted images...

Abstract Despite steady technological progress, displays are still subject to inherent limitations in resolution improvement and pixel miniaturization because a series of colours is generally expressed by combination at least three primary colour pixels. Here we propose structure comprising metal cavity nanoaperture, which refer as cavity-aperture, simultaneously control the intensity transmitted light single pixel. The constructs plasmonic standing waves organize spatial distribution...

Two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) transparent screens can be created using lens-array holographic optical elements (HOEs). Lens-array HOEs used to perform 2D 3D imaging for Bragg matched images while maintaining the properties of in background scenes. or on proposed screen is determined by relative size an elemental-lens a pixel projected image. The displays are implemented diffusion light each taking advantage reflection-type integral imaging, respectively. We constructed HOE...

We propose a real-time integral imaging system for light field microscopy systems. To implement 3D live in-vivo experimental environment multiple experimentalists, we generate elemental images an from the captured with microscope in real-time. apply f-number matching method to image reconstruct undistorted image. Our implemented produces real and orthoscopic of micro objects 16 frames per second. verify proposed via experiments using Caenorhabditis elegans.

We propose a multi-viewer tracking integral imaging system for viewing angle and zone improvement. In the system, pickup angles in each elemental lens array are decided by positions of viewers, which means image can be made viewer to provide wider larger zone. Our is implemented with an infrared camera light emitting diodes track viewers' exact robustly. For multiple viewers watch integrated three-dimensional images it needed formulate relationship between images. analyzed conditions...

Objective evaluation results using optometric device to measure accommodative responses in viewing a real object and integral imaging are presented. From the empirical between an integrated three-dimensional (3D) image, we find that over 73% of participants keep eyes on 3D image instead display panel. The also show do not recognize mismatch response convergence eye, which used be believed as one major factors cause visual fatigue near-distance imaging. Seventy-one normal adult subjects (23 ~...

We propose a hogel overlapping method for the holographic printer to enhance lateral resolution of stereograms. The size is directly related stereogram. Our analysis by computer simulation shows that there limit decreasing while printing Instead reducing hogel, stereograms can be enhanced overlapped hogels, which makes it possible take advantage multiplexing property volume hologram. built printer, and recorded two using conventional proposed methods. images movies experimentally captured...

In a typical auto-stereoscopic three-dimensional display, the parallax barrier or lenticular lens is located in front of display device. However, projection-type such optical components make it difficult to elemental images on screen reconstruct image, even though has many advantages. Therefore, necessary use rear projection technique despite fact that this an inefficient space. We propose here frontal by using polarizer and quarter-wave retarding film. Since proposed method uses scheme...

We propose a 3D/2D convertible screen using holographic optical element and angular multiplexing method of volume hologram. The proposed screen, named multiplexed (MHOES), is composed passive components, displaying modes between 3D 2D are converted according to projection directions. In recording process, the by two reference waves with different incidence angles enables functions screens be recorded in single material. Also, order avoid bulky experimental setup due adopting projectors for...

In this paper, we propose an optimization method for Fourier holograms that enables high-quality optical reconstruction of phase-only holograms. We define the amplitude input image hologram calculation as plane within a camera-in-the-loop (CITL) framework to generate with superior quality. Unlike traditional CITL methods optimize phase holograms, our proposed optimizes amplitudes exhibit high correlation original images in hologram. Leveraging correlation, introduce neural network model...

Abstract Polarization diffraction gratings with various profiles were created using a reflective phase spatial light modulator (SLM). A digital polarization holographic setup, incorporating the SLM and two quarter-wave plates, was employed to record modulation of onto thin films azopolymer PAZO(poly[l-[4-(3-carboxy-4-hydroxyphenylazo)benzene sulfonamido]-1,2-ethanediyl, sodium salt]). One-dimensional two-dimensional different parameters recorded efficiency (DE) kinetics in ±1 orders obtained...

Abstract We reduced image noise in broadband full‐color holographic capture a compact self‐interference incoherent digital holography (SIDH) system by combining cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) circular polarizer with quarter‐waveplate‐based geometric phase lens (QW‐GPL). To address chromatic wavefront issues commonly found conventional half‐waveplate‐based SIDH systems, we explore incorporating GPL In particular, resolve angular polarization‐dependent QW‐GPL modulation utilizing circularly...

We proposed a reconstruction method for the occluded region of three-dimensional (3D) object using depth extraction based on optical flow and triangular mesh in integral imaging. The information sub-images from acquired elemental image set is extracted with sub-pixel accuracy, which alleviates quantization problem. maps sub-image array are segmented by threshold histogram segmentation, represented as point clouds. clouds projected to viewpoint center reconstructed reconstruction....

A dual-view display system provides two different images in directions. Most of them only present two-dimensional for observers. In this paper, we propose a projection-type three-dimensional (3D) based on integral imaging. To assign directivities to the images, and screen with lenticular lenses are implemented. The split collimated image from projection device into separated integrated by single lens array front screen, full-parallax 3D observed viewing regions. visibility reconstructed can...

We report on the development of a high-resolution see-through integral imaging system with resolution and fill factor-enhanced lens-array holographic optical element (HOE). propose procedure for fabricating lens pitch controllable HOE. By controlling recording plane performing repetitive recordings process, HOE could be substantially reduced, high factor same numerical aperture compared to reference lens-array. demonstrated feasibility by 500 micrometer pitch. Since pixel projected image can...

In spite of their many advantages, limited image depth still remains as an obstacle to three-dimensional displays based on integral imaging. this Letter, by combining multiple polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal films and a dual-depth configuration, we propose method enhance the range imaging display system.

We propose a thin and compact integral imaging system using electroluminescent (EL) films as backlight. EL film has the advantage that it can operate continuously even when is cut or punctured. Using this characteristic, we generate an array of pinholes on to form point light-source for reconstructing three-dimensional (3D) images based imaging. The pinhole attached another they are electrically controlled surface light source; hence, converts between 3D two-dimensional (2D) modes. Taking...

In three-dimensional television (3D TV) broadcasting, we find the effect of fundamental depth resolution and cardboard to perceived on multi-view display is important. The observer distance specification quantize expressible range, which affect perception observer. addition, 3D TV needs view synthesis process using image-based rendering induces from relation among stereo pickup, display. this paper, analyze in broadcasting. After analysis, numerical comparison subjective tests with 20...

We propose an optical pseudoscopic to orthoscopic conversion method for integral imaging using a lens-array holographic element (LAHOE), which solves the problem. The LAHOE reconstructs array of diverging spherical waves when probe wave with phase-conjugated condition is imposed on it, while converging reconstructed in ordinary reconstruction. For given elemental images, integrates three-dimensional images without distortion. principle proposed verified by experiments displaying computer...

Abstract A single‐shot phase‐shifting method in incoherent digital holography (IDH) based on Michelson interferometry is proposed herein. The uses polarization‐modulating optical elements and a polarization sensor the interferometer optics to induce geometric phase shift. It acquires four holograms with different retardations single exposure eliminate bias conjugate noise using technique. system enables real‐time term removal from recorded hologram without requiring sequential recording for...