A5078304831- Forensic and Genetic Research
- Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Leprosy Research and Treatment
- Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
- Race, Genetics, and Society
- Gut microbiota and health
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Identification and Quantification in Food
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Language and cultural evolution
- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities
Arizona State University
2015-2024
Queen Mary University of London
2024
RTI International
2024
Conference Board
2024
Institute of Forensic Science
2024
American Academy of Forensic Sciences
2024
National Institute of Justice
2024
National Institute of Standards
2024
National Institute of Standards and Technology
2024
The Graduate Center, CUNY
2021
An approximately 5000-year-old mummified human body was recently found in the Tyrolean Alps. The DNA from tissue samples of this Late Neolithic individual, so-called "Ice Man," has been extracted and analyzed. number molecules surviving on order 10 genome equivalents per gram tissue, which meant that only multi-copy sequences could be degradation made enzymatic amplification mitochondrial fragments more than 100 to 200 base pairs difficult. One sequence a hypervariable segment control region...
CCR5 encodes a cell surface chemokine receptor molecule that serves as the principal coreceptor, with CD4, for HIV-type 1 (HIV-1). Varied HIV-1 susceptibility and time to progression AIDS have been associated polymorphisms in . Many of these are located 5′ cis -regulatory region , suggesting it may target natural selection. We characterized sequence variation this 400 chromosomes from worldwide populations compared genome-wide analysis 100 Alu typed same populations. Variation was...
Copy number variants (CNVs) underlie many aspects of human phenotypic diversity and provide the raw material for gene duplication family expansion. However, our understanding their evolutionary significance remains limited. We performed comparative genomic hybridization on a single microarray platform to identify CNVs among genomes 30 humans chimpanzees as well fixed copy differences between species. found that chimpanzee occur in orthologous regions far more often than expected by chance...
Copy number variation is surprisingly common among humans and can be involved in phenotypic diversity variable susceptibility to complex diseases, but little known of the extent copy nonhuman primates. We have used two array-based comparative genomic hybridization platforms identify a total 355 variants (CNVs) genomes 20 wild-born chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) compared identified chimpanzee CNVs human from previous studies. Many were observed corresponding regions both humans; especially...
Ancient DNA was obtained from skeletal remains the Norris Farms #36 cemetery, a pre-Columbian archeological site in central Illinois that dates to A.D. 1300. Four mitochondrial (mtDNA) markers were analyzed delineate four primary mtDNA lineages found contemporary Amerindian populations. types determined for 50 individuals; 49 belonged one of these lineages. One lineage occurred only males, suggesting an immigration maternally related males into this community. There no significant spatial...
Little is known about the history and population structure of our closest living relatives, chimpanzees, in part because an extremely poor fossil record. To address this, we report largest genetic study chimpanzees to date, examining 310 microsatellites 84 common bonobos. We infer three chimpanzee populations, which correspond previously defined labels “western,” “central,” “eastern,” find little evidence gene flow between them. There tentative for within western but do not detect distinct...
Dental calculus (calcified dental plaque) is prevalent in archaeological skeletal collections and a rich source of oral microbiome host-derived ancient biomolecules. Recently, it has been proposed that may provide more robust environment for DNA preservation than other remains, but this not systematically tested. In study, shotgun-sequenced data from paired dentin samples 48 globally distributed individuals are compared using metagenomic approach. Overall, we find consistently abundant less...
Abstract Changes in potential regulatory elements are thought to be key drivers of phenotypic divergence. However, identifying changes that underlie human-specific traits has proven very challenging. Here, we use 63 reconstructed and experimentally measured DNA methylation maps ancient present-day humans, as well six chimpanzees, detect differentially methylated regions likely emerged modern humans after the split from Neanderthals Denisovans. We show genes associated with face vocal tract...
Previous ancient DNA research has shown that Mycobacterium pinnipedii, which today causes tuberculosis (TB) primarily in pinnipeds, infected human populations living the coastal areas of Peru prior to European colonization. Skeletal evidence indicates presence TB several pre-colonial South and North American with minimal access marine resources- a scenario incompatible transmission directly from pinnipeds or their tissues. In this study, we investigate causative agent ten pre-colonial,...
Although some mitochondrial, X chromosome, and autosomal sequence diversity data are available for our closest relatives, Pan troglodytes paniscus , from the nonrecombining portion of Y chromosome (NRY) more limited. We examined ≈3 kb NRY DNA 101 chimpanzees, seven bonobos, 42 humans to investigate: ( i ) relative levels intraspecific diversity; ii degree paternal lineage sorting among species subspecies genus ; iii date chimpanzee/bonobo divergence. identified 10 informative sequence-tagged...
Abstract Two of humankind's most socially and psychologically devastating diseases, tuberculosis leprosy, have been the subject intensive paleopathological research due to their antiquity, a presumed association with human settlement subsistence patterns, propensity leave characteristic lesions on skeletal mummified remains. Despite long history medical development effective chemotherapy, these diseases remain global health threats even in 21st century, as such, causative agents...
ABSTRACT Objectives Archaeological dental calculus is a rich source of host‐associated biomolecules. Importantly, however, more accurately described as calcified microbial biofilm than host tissue. As such, concerns regarding destructive analysis human remains may not apply strongly to calculus, opening the possibility obtaining health and ancestry information from in cases where conventional skeletal permitted. Here we investigate preservation mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) archaeological its...
The maintenance of chromosomal integrity is an essential task every living organism and cellular repair mechanisms exist to guard against insults DNA. Given the importance this process, it expected that DNA proteins would be evolutionarily conserved, exhibiting very minimal sequence change over time. However, BRCA1, gene involved in repair, has been reported evolving rapidly despite fact many protein-altering mutations within convey a significantly elevated risk for breast ovarian cancers....
Animal hybridization is well documented, but evolutionary outcomes and conservation priorities often differ for natural anthropogenic hybrids. Among primates, an order with many endangered species, the two contexts can be hard to disentangle from one another, which carries important implications. Callithrix marmosets give us a unique glimpse of genetic effects under distinct human-induced contexts. Here, we use 44 autosomal microsatellite marker panel examine genome-wide admixture levels...
A complex dispersal into the Caribbean The settlement of and genetic relationships among pre-European people remain a mystery. After examining 93 ancient genomes dating to range from about 3200 400 years ago, Nägele et al. suggest that at least three separate colonization events, including previously unknown wave, were connected radiation events in North America. two more lineages coexisted Cuba but fully genetically, with later movement region third group South study not only informs on...