A5032710132- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Listeria monocytogenes in Food Safety
- Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Infections and bacterial resistance
- Identification and Quantification in Food
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Dental Research and COVID-19
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases
2020-2024
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2017-2024
Oak Ridge Associated Universities
2015-2018
Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
2015-2018
United States Food and Drug Administration
2018
Georgia Department of Agriculture
2018
Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) confer resistance to clinically important third-generation cephalosporins, which are often used treat invasive salmonellosis. In the United States, ESBLs rarely found in Salmonella. However, 2014, US Food and Drug Administration bla
To address high COVID-19 burden in U.S. nursing homes, rapid SARS-CoV-2 antigen tests have been widely distributed those facilities. However, performance data are lacking, especially asymptomatic people.
Understanding the epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii complex (CRAB) and patients impacted is an important step toward informing better infection prevention control practices improving public health response.
Shigella spp. cause ≈500,000 illnesses in the United States annually, and resistance to ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, azithromycin is emerging. We investigated associations between transmission route antimicrobial among US shigellosis clusters reported during 2011-2015. Of 32 clusters, 9 were caused by shigellae resistant ciprofloxacin (3 clusters), ceftriaxone (2 or (7 clusters); 3 >1 of these drugs. observed any drugs all 7 men who have sex with (MSM) but only 2 other 25 (p<0.001)....
The treatment of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales , especially New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM)-producing bacteria, is challenging. Although less common in the United States than some other carbapenemase producers, NDM-producing bacteria are a public health threat due to limited options available. Here, we report on antibiotic susceptibility 275 contemporary collected from 30 U.
The CDC's Emerging Infections Program (EIP) conducted population- and laboratory-based surveillance of US carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) from 2016 through 2018. To characterize the pathotype, 1,019 isolates collected this project underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing whole-genome sequencing. Sequenced genomes were classified using seven-gene multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme a core genome (cg)MLST was used to determine phylogeny. Both chromosomal...
Abstract Objective The incidence of infections from extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)–producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) is increasing in the United States. We describe epidemiology ESBL-E at 5 Emerging Infections Program (EIP) sites. Methods During October–December 2017, we piloted active laboratory- and population-based (New York, New Mexico, Tennessee) or sentinel (Colorado, Georgia) surveillance. An incident case was first isolation normally sterile body sites urine Escherichia coli...
Abstract Background Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is not routinely performed for Clostridioides difficile and data evaluating minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) are limited. We AST whole genome sequencing (WGS) 593 C. isolates collected between 2012 2017 through the Centers Disease Control Prevention's Emerging Infections Program. Methods MICs to 6 antimicrobial agents (ceftriaxone, clindamycin, meropenem, metronidazole, moxifloxacin, vancomycin) were determined using...
Abstract Invasive Salmonella infections in adults are commonly treated with fluoroquinolones, a critically important antimicrobial class. Historically, quinolone resistance was the result of chromosomal mutations, but plasmid‐mediated (PMQR) has emerged and is increasingly being reported Enterobacteriaceae worldwide. PMQR may facilitate spread resistance, lead to higher‐level make harder treat. To better understand epidemiology non‐typhoidal causing human United States, we looked at trends...
ABSTRACT Salmonella enterica is one of the most common causes bacterial foodborne illness in United States. Although infections are self-limiting, antimicrobial treatment invasive salmonellosis critical. The primary options include fluoroquinolones or extended-spectrum cephalosporins, and resistance to these drugs may complicate treatment. At present, S. composed more than 2,600 unique serotypes, which vary greatly geographic prevalence, ecological niche, ability cause human disease, it...
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Increased use of colistin in both human and veterinary medicine has led to the emergence plasmid-mediated resistance (mcr genes). In this study, we report development a real-time PCR assay using TaqMan probe-based chemistry for detection mcr genes from bacterial isolates. Positive control isolates harboring mcr-1 mcr-2 yielded exponential amplification curves with assay, efficiency was 98% 96% mcr-2, respectively. Each target gene could be reproducibly detected sample containing 103 cfu/mL...
Detection of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) with carbapenemase-producing (CP) genes is critical for preventing transmission. Our objective was to assess whether certain antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) profiles can efficiently identify CP-CRPA. We defined CRPA as P. imipenem or meropenem MICs ≥8 μg/ml; CP-CRPA CP (blaKPC/blaIMP/blaNDM/blaOXA-48/blaVIM). assessed the sensitivity and specificity AST detect among isolates collected by CDC's Antibiotic Resistance...
Infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli are a significant cause of morbidity and health care costs. Globally, the prevailing clonal type is ST131 in association with bla CTX-M-15 gene.
Nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) causes an estimated 1.2 million illnesses, 23,000 hospitalizations, and 450 deaths each year in the United States. Decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (DSC) has historically been associated with chromosomal mutations of quinolone resistance determining region (QRDR), but plasmid-mediated (PMQR) genes are increasing. To investigate DSC among enterica serotype Newport strains, we examined 40 isolates from 1996 2016 DSC. Thirty (71%) contained PMQR gene qnrB...
In August of 2018, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced a class I recall associated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) safety alert. This was due to failure identify certain isolates as MRSA when using Gram-positive antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) cards Vitek 2 automated instrument (ATI) (1). To assist investigation, U.S. Centers for Disease Control Prevention (CDC) obtained 30 identified during initial from National Reference Center...
Abstract Background To estimate the infectious period of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in older adults with underlying conditions, we assessed duration disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptoms, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positivity, and culture positivity among nursing home residents. Methods We enrolled residents within 15 days their first positive SARS-CoV-2 test (diagnosis) at an Arkansas facility from July 7 to 15, 2020 instead them...
A collaborative study was conducted of a new method for differentiating members the Bacillus cereus group. Using method, each 14 collaborators identified 8 cultures, which represented 3 biotypes B. Each culture tested motility, hemolytic activity on trypticase-soy-sheep blood agar, and rhizoid growth nutrient agar; carbol-fuchsin stain used to determine presence protein toxin crystals. Cultures were as (biotype 1), var. mycoides 2), or thuringiensis 3). All correctly unknown cultures...
Many laboratories are unable to perform colistin susceptibility testing. Diffusion-based antimicrobial testing methods not recommended, and all have the capacity broth microdilution (BMD). Using a multistep tiered approach, we investigated whether adapted use of MicroScan well (4 μg/ml) could enhance laboratory for detection subsequent molecular characterization colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae For well, categorical agreement with BMD was 92.7%, very major error rate 10.7%. gradient...
ABSTRACT Enterococcus faecalis and faecium are frequent causes of healthcare-associated infections. Antimicrobial-resistant enterococci pose a serious public health threat, particularly vancomycin-resistant (VRE), for which treatment options limited. The Centers Disease Control Prevention’s Division Healthcare Quality Promotion Sentinel Surveillance system conducted surveillance from 2018 to 2019 evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility profiles molecular epidemiology 205 E. 180 clinical...
Our objectives were to identify Shigella isolates in the United States with decreased susceptibility azithromycin (DSA) and characterize genetic mechanisms responsible for this resistance.
Abstract Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing remains essential for early identification and clinical management of cases. We compared the diagnostic performance 3 specimen types characterizing SARS-CoV-2 in infected nursing home residents. Methods A convenience sample 17 residents were enrolled within 15 days first positive result by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) prospectively followed 42 days. Anterior nasal...
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) have emerged as an important cause of healthcare-associated infections. We characterized the molecular epidemiology CRE in isolates collected through Emerging Infections Program (EIP) at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). From 2011–2015, 8 U.S. EIP sites (CO, GA, MD, MN, NY, NM, TN OR) (Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, cloacae complex, Klebsiella pneumoniae, oxytoca) isolated from a normally sterile site or urine. Isolates...
Abstract Background Few options remain for treatment of infections caused by multi-drug resistant (MDR), carbapenemase-producing gram-negative pathogens. Cefiderocol (CFDC; Shionogi & Co. Ltd), is a novel parenteral siderophore cephalosporin that enters the bacterial cell through iron–siderophore uptake system. Here we report on in vitro activity CFDC against set well-characterized MDR isolates collected Centers Disease Control and Prevention. Methods Minimum inhibitory concentrations...