A5069618227- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Immune cells in cancer
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Medical Image Segmentation Techniques
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Barrier Structure and Function Studies
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
- Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Research
- Sleep and related disorders
Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure
2008-2024
Inserm
2003-2024
École Normale Supérieure - PSL
2006-2024
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
1993-2024
Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
2022
École Normale Supérieure
2022
Laboratoire de Géologie de l’École Normale Supérieure
2013
Centre de Recherche en Mathématiques de la Décision
2011
Synapse (Netherlands)
2005-2010
Institut Pasteur
1990-1997
Fine control of neuronal activity is crucial to rapidly adjust subtle changes the environment. This fine tuning was thought be purely until discovery that astrocytes are active players synaptic transmission. In adult hippocampus, microglia other major glial cell type. Microglia highly dynamic and closely associated with neurons astrocytes. They react modifications their environment able release molecules known function Therefore, display functional features partners, but involvement in...
Dysfunction of microglia, the tissue macrophages brain, has been associated with etiology several neuropsychiatric disorders. Consistently, microglia have shown to regulate neurogenesis and synaptic maturation at perinatal postnatal stages. However, invade brain during mid-embryogenesis thus could play an earlier prenatal role. Here, we show that embryonic which display a transiently uneven distribution, wiring forebrain circuits. Using multiple mouse models, including cell-depletion...
In several brain regions, microglia actively promote neuronal apoptosis during development. However, molecular actors leading to trigger death remain mostly unknown. Here, we show that, in the developing hippocampus, apoptotic neurons are contacted by expressing both integrin CD11b and immunoreceptor DAP12. We demonstrate that developmental decreases mice deficient for or addition, function-blocking antibodies directed against decrease when injected into wild-type neonates, but have no...
Inflammation triggers the differentiation of Ly6Chi monocytes into microbicidal macrophages or monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs). Yet, it is unclear whether environmental inflammatory cues control polarization toward each these fates specialized monocyte progenitor subsets exist before inflammation. Here, we have shown that naive are phenotypically heterogeneous and contain an NR4A1- Flt3L-independent, CCR2-dependent, Flt3+CD11c−MHCII+PU.1hi subset. This subset acted as a precursor...
The alpha6 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) is expressed at very high levels in dopaminergic (DA) neurons. However, because lack pharmacological tools selective for alpha6-containing nAChRs, role this etiology nicotine addiction remains unknown. To provide new to investigate issue, we generated an nAChR knock-out mouse. Homozygous null mutants (alpha6-/-) did not exhibit any gross neurological or behavioral deficits. A careful anatomic and molecular examination...
Several proteins are expressed in both immune and nervous systems. However, their putative nonimmune functions the brain remain poorly understood. KARAP/DAP12 is a transmembrane polypeptide associated with cell-surface receptors hematopoeitic cells. Its mutation humans induces Nasu-Hakola disease, characterized by presenile dementia demyelinization. alteration of white matter occurs months after onset neuropsychiatric symptoms, suggesting that other neuronal alterations occur early phases...
Abstract Microglia colonise the brain parenchyma at early stages of development and accumulate in specific regions where they participate cell death, angiogenesis, neurogenesis synapse elimination. A recurring feature embryonic microglial is their association with developing axon tracts, which, together vitro data, supports idea a physiological role for microglia neurite development. Yet demonstration this lacking. Here, we have studied consequences dysfunction on formation corpus callosum,...
Fine-tuning of neuronal activity was thought to be a neuron-autonomous mechanism until the discovery that astrocytes are active players synaptic transmission. The involvement has changed our understanding roles non-neuronal cells and shed new light on regulation activity. Microglial macrophages brain they have been mostly investigated as immune cells. However recent data discussed in this review support notion that, similarly astrocytes, microglia involved For instance, most, if not all,...
Epidemiological studies have linked maternal infection during pregnancy to later development of neuropsychiatric disorders in the offspring. In mice, experimental inflammation embryonic impairs behavioral and cognitive performances adulthood. Synaptic dysfunctions may be at origin impairments, however link between prenatal synaptic defects remains established.In this study, we show that alteration microglial function, including inflammation, induces delayed dysfunction adult. DAP12 is a...
The neuron-restrictive silencer element (NRSE) has been identified in several neuronal genes and confers neuron specificity by silencing transcription nonneuronal cells. NRSE is present the promoter of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor β2-subunit gene that determines its neuron-specific expression nervous system. Using transgenic mice, we show may either silence or enhance depending on cellular context within In vitro cells, activates synthetic promoters when located downstream 5′...
Microglia control excitatory synapses, but their role in inhibitory neurotransmission has been less well characterized. Herein, we show that microglia the strength of glycinergic not GABAergic synapses via modulation diffusion dynamics and synaptic trapping glycine (GlyR) GABAA receptors. We further demonstrate regulate activity-dependent plasticity by tuning GlyR trap. This microglia–synapse cross talk requires production prostaglandin E2 microglia, leading to activation neuronal EP2...
Microglial research has been constrained by a rolling series of dichotomies such as "resting versus activated" or "M1 M2". This Manichean perspective good bad microglia is in sharp contrast with the wide repertoire microglial functions, exerted from development to aging and diseases, brought light recent years. New designations continuously arising attempt describe different states transcriptomics other readouts may thus easily lead misleading, although unintentional, coupling categories...
Nitric oxide (NO) is a diffusible second messenger with great variety of functions in the brain. NO produced by three isoforms synthase (NOS), NOS1, NOS2, and NOS3. Although broad agreement exists regarding expression NOS1 NOS3 neurons endothelial cells, pattern NOS2 still controversial remains elusive. We have now generated novel transgenic mouse that expresses fluorescent reporter tdTomato CRE recombinase under control Nos2 gene regulatory regions. Such tool allows reliable tracking tissue...