Abstract Airway epithelial cells synthesize proinflammatory molecules such as IL-8, GM-CSF, RANTES, and ICAM-1, the expression of which is increased in airways patients with asthma. We investigated regulation these NF-κB-dependent genes by novel protein kinase C (PKC) isoform PKCδ 16HBE14o- human airway cells, focusing on IL-8 expression. Transient transfection constitutively active catalytic subunit (PKCδ-CAT), treatment bryostatin 1, an activator PKCδ, each transcription from promoter,...

Background Recently, MicroRNAs (miR) and AMP-kinase (AMPK) have emerged as prominent players in the development of cardiac hypertrophy heart failure. We hypothesized that components adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase pathway are targeted by miRs alter AMPK signaling during pathological stress. Methodology/Principal Findings Using a mouse model hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), we demonstrated early elevation miR-195 miR-451 HCM hearts, which targets MO25, central component...

Abstract Background Eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase (eEF2K) is a Ca 2+ /calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein that inhibits synthesis. However, the role of eEF2K in cancer development was reported paradoxically and remains to be elucidated. Methods Herein, A549 cells with depletion or overexpression by stably transfected lentivirus plasmids were used vitro vivo study. MTT colony assays detect cell proliferation growth. Extracellular glucose lactate concentration measured using test kit....

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive malignancy and the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin in China. However, many cases still remain biologically clinically heterogeneous, indicating that DLBCL mechanism remains unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critically responsible for lymphomagenesis. We found plasma miR-21 level was significantly higher lymphoma. exact contribution unknown. To determine function DLBCL, phosphatase tensin homolog (PTEN) expressions were examined through...

Abstract Anticancer effect of tephrosin (1) has been documented; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying cytotoxicity in cancer cells remain unclear. In present paper, proliferation inhibition rate several was tested using MTT assay; cell cycle, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were determined by flow cytometry; poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) expression evaluated Western blotting; autophagy examined...

Accurate detection of heterogeneous circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is critical as they can make more aggressive, drug-resistant, and metastasizing. Although the leukocyte membrane coating strategy promising in meeting challenge detecting CTCs due to its inherent antiadhesive properties, it still limited by reduction or loss expression known markers. Bioorthogonal glycol-metabolic engineering expected break down this barrier feeding with sugar derivatives a unique functional group establish...

Ligation of the asialoGM1 Pseudomonas aeruginosa pilin receptor has been demonstrated to induce IL-8 expression in airway epithelial cells via an NF-κB-dependent pathway. We examined signaling pathways required for asialoGM1-mediated NF-κB activation IB3 cells, a human bronchial cell line derived from cystic fibrosis (CF) patient, and C-38 rescued that expresses functional CF transmembrane regulator. with specific antibody induced greater than consistent density receptors phenotype cells....

Diarrhea is a common manifestation of gastrointestinal disorders. Diarrhea-induced losses fluid and electrolyte could lead to dehydration imbalances, resulting in significant morbidity mortality, especially children living developing countries. Somatostatin, peptide hormone secreted by D-cells, plays an important role regulating motility intestinal Na(+) absorption. Although octreotide, somatostatin analog, used treat diarrhea, its mechanisms action are unclear. Here we showed that...

Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) contribute to the initiation, development, and recurrence of breast carcinomas. β1,4-Galactosyltransferase V (B4GalT5), which catalyzes addition galactose GlcNAcβ1-4Man N-glycans, is involved in embryogenesis. However, its role modulation BCSCs remains unknown.The relationship between B4GalT5 stemness was investigated by online clinical databases immunohistochemistry analysis. Mammosphere formation, fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), in-vivo assays...

Abstract Background We recently have shown that Charged multivesicular protein/Chromatin modifying protein1A (Chmp1A) functions as a tumor suppressor in human pancreatic cells. Pancreatic cancer has the worst prognosis of all cancers with dismal 5-year survival rate. Preclinical studies using ATRA for treating suggest this compound might be useful treatment patients. However, molecular mechanism by which inhibits growth cells is not clear. The objective our study was to investigate whether...

Cells residing in the hypertonic, hypoxic renal medulla depend on dynamic adaptation mechanisms to respond changes energy supply and demand. The serine/threonine kinase 5'-AMP protein (AMPK) is a sensor of cellular status, but whether it contributes survival cells unknown. Here, hypertonic conditions induced decrease AMPK phosphorylation within 12 hours medullary interstitial (RMIC), followed by gradual return baseline levels. Activation markedly increased hypertonicity-induced apoptosis...

Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is crucially involved in epigenetic silencing by acting as a histone methyltransferase. Although EZH2 overexpressed many solid cancers, the role B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) remains largely unexplored. In microarray experiment, we found that was significantly upregulated Nalm-6 cells and this associated with tumor suppressor genes p21, p53 phosphatase tensin (PTEN). The abnormal expression these further confirmed quantitative realtime...

Pathogenic leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) mutations are recognized as the most common cause of familial Parkinson's disease in certain populations. Recently, LRRK2 were shown to be associated with a higher risk hormone-related cancers. However, how itself contributes cancer remains unknown. DNA damage causes cancer, and responses among important pathways biology. To understand role response pathway, we induced by applying genotoxic stress cells Adriamycin. We found that enhances...

Unique plant-derived cyclic peptides family exhibiting various key biological activities has great possibility for anticancer therapy. In this study, we investigated the effects of orbitides isolated from flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) on growth SGC-7901 cancer cells and potential mechanism. Results showed that flaxseed killed off by inducing apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner, which was confirmed appearance nuclear shrinkage DNA fragmentation, inhibitory effect stronger than pure orbitide...

The sigma-2 receptor (S2R) has long been pharmacologically targeted for antipsychotic treatment and tumor imaging. Only recently was it known its coding gene role implicated in cholesterol homeostasis. Here, we have investigated the transcriptional control of S2R by Bromo/ExtraTerminal epigenetic reader family (BETs, including BRD2, 3, 4) upon perturbation. Cholesterol deprivation induced ARPE19 cells using a blocker lysosomal export. This condition up-regulated mRNA protein, also SREBP2 but...

Objective To determine the cellular effects of 5-azacytidine (5-azaC) and sodium butyrate on two human liver cancers, HepG2 Hep3B. Summary Background Data Primary cancer is a significant health problem; treatment options are limited prognosis poor. Recent studies have focused role that programmed cell death (i.e., apoptosis) plays in both normal neoplastic growth: certain genes can either suppress (e.g., Bcl-2, Bcl-xL) or promote Bik, Bax, Bak) apoptosis. The identification novel agents...

Prodigiosins (PGs) are a family of natural red pigments with anticancer activity, and one member the has entered clinical phase II trials. However, mechanisms PGs remain largely unclear. This study was designed to investigate molecular basis activity UP, derivative PGs, in P388 cells. By introducing pharmacological inhibitors utilizing variety analytical approaches including western blotting, flow cytometry confocal laser microscopy, we found that UP inhibited proliferation via arresting...

Evodiamine (Evo), a quinazoline alkaloid and one of the most typical polycyclic heterocycles, is mainly isolated from Evodia rugulosa . Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) newly identified way angiogenesis during tumor neovascularization, which prevalent in variety highly invasive tumors. The purpose this study was to investigate effect mechanism Evo on VM human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. number structures calculated by three-dimensional culture CRC Wound-healing used detect migration HCT116 Gene...

Adjuvant radiotherapy represents the standard of care for breast cancer (BC) following breast-conserving surgery. Tumor recurrence after radiotherapy, attributed to acquired radioresistance, has been a haunting and intractable problem. Therefore, preventions from tumor are vital improving survival. Recent evidence suggested circular RNAs (circRNAs) play part in regulating radioresistance varied cancers, including BC. This research concentrated on novel circRNA hsa_circ_0003427 (termed as...