The effects of sodium nitroprusside (SNP; nitric oxide donor) treatment on drought stress induced by PEG for different periods time in wheat seedlings were investigated. Our results suggested that 2, 4 and 6 d with 15 % could be termed as mild, moderate severe stress, respectively. Drought accumulation hydrogen peroxide resulted lipid peroxidation. On the other hand, activities SOD, CAT PAL increased under mild to counteract oxidative injury then decreased when became (6 d). As effect SNP...

Iron oxide nanoparticles can induce cell death due to the ferroptosis mechanism, showing a great potential for cancer therapy. Here, we synthesized different-sized iron (2–100 nm) investigate their antitumor effect and toxicity mechanism. It was found that ultrasmall (< ∼5 could accumulate in nucleus were more efficient triggering generation of •OH than larger quicker release Fe2+, thus exhibiting remarkable cytotoxicity. Nevertheless, 10 nm group displayed best vivo. We studied vivo...

The aims of this study were to complement the current knowledge on antioxidative composition alcohol extracts from fruits Lycium barbarum and evaluate their antioxidant activities. Three new dimers phenolic amides, named lyciumamides A (3), B (4), C (5), together with two monomers, N-E-coumaroyl tyramine (1) N-E-feruloyl (2), isolated for first time help activity-guided chromatography. Compounds 1–5 evaluated activities in scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical inhibiting...

Abstract BACKGROUND The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a global insect pest of crops, leading to reduction agricultural products in productivity and quality. Plant saponins are rich sources for the discovery candidates control pests. This study focused on triterpenoid from Clematis aethusifolia Turcz evaluation their antifeedant, insecticidal growth inhibitory activities against 3rd instar larvae P. xylostella. RESULTS Seven ( 1–7 ) were isolated...

Abstract BACKGROUND Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is a disreputable plant pathogen that causes decline in the quality and yield of various economic crops. Natural products are important potential sources biopesticides to control TMV. This study focuses on discovery anti‐TMV active flavonoid glycosides their mode action TMV particles from Clematis lasiandra Maxim. RESULTS A new benzoyl acylated glycoside, kaempferol 3‐ O ‐(2′′‐benzoyl)‐ β ‐ d ‐glucopyranosyl‐7‐ α l ‐rhamnopyranoside ( 1 ), nine...

Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris is the most destructive pest worldwide because of its ability to feed on plants directly and transmit plant viruses as a vector. This study aims identify triterpenoid saponins from Oxytropis hirta Bunge biopesticides control aphids.Three new azukisapogenol (1-3), pinoresinol lignan glycoside (8), four known (4-7) were identified root O. hirta. Compounds 4-7 displayed significant aphicidal activities against A. with oral toxicities (LC50 = 51.10-147.43 μg/mL, 72 h),...

To discover new botanical products-based insecticide candidates, 14 triterpenoid saponins (1–14) including four ones, obscurosides A-D (1–4), were isolated from Clematis obscura Maxim as potential agrochemicals against Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris and Plutella xylostella (L.). Compounds 1–3 characterized by a rare ribose substitution at C-3, 4 was bidesmoside glycosylated the C-23 C-28 positions of oleanane aglycone. 10 (median antifeeding concentration, AFC50 = 1.10 mg/mL; half-lethal LC50...

Nine caffeoyl derivatives (1–9), including two new dicaffeoyl glycosides, brevicaudatosides A and B (1 2), six flavonoids (10–15), were identified from overground Clematis brevicaudata DC. Compounds 1 13 exhibited significant oral toxicities against Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris with LC50 (half-lethal concentration) values of 0.12 0.28 mM, respectively. Meanwhile, compounds 1, 8, 10, 13, 15 showed remarkable repellent effects A. the indexes valued at 1.00 under 50–200 μg/mL 24 h. 8 also...

ABSTRACT Apple Valsa canker, caused by the pathogen mali , is a severe disease which specifically manifests itself on apple twigs and bark but not leaves, it affects production. In this study, we report discovery characterization of stem‐specific cell death‐inducing peptide named SDP1, synthesized an non‐ribosomal synthetases (NRPS)‐like gene (VM1G_01528), designated as SDG1 . The located in secondary metabolite biosynthetic cluster 4 chromosome 2 V. Deletion significantly impaired ability...

To discover insecticide lead compounds from the insecticidal plant Clematis, a new alkaloid glycoside obscuroside E (1) and 17 known (2-18) were identified Clematis obscura tibetana var. vernayi. Compound 1 displayed remarkable oral toxicities against Acyrthosiphon pisum (A. pisum) Plutella xylostella (P. xylostella) with half-lethal concentration (LC50) values of 0.11 0.85 mg/mL, respectively, as well potential antifeedant activity. inhibited α-amylase (α-AL) A. P. inhibition rates 32.82...

Ten new polyhydroxysteroidal glycosides, anthenosides B−K (2−11), were isolated from the ethanol extract of starfish Anthenea chinensis. Their structures elucidated by extensive spectroscopic studies and chemical evidence. The unprecedented carbohydrate chain 6-O-methyl-β-d-galactofuranosyl-(1→3)-(6-O-methyl-β-d-galactofuranose) was present in all compounds except 10 11. Compounds 5, 7, a mixture 8 9, 11 showed inhibitory activity against human tumor K-562 BEL-7402 cells. Furthermore, also...

Two new oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins, 1 and 2, a natural product, 3, together with five known 4- 8, were isolated from the rhizomes of ANEMONE TAIPAIENSIS. Their structures elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis chemical evidences. Six 1, 7, which possessed free carboxylic group at C-28, exhibited significant cytotoxicity against human leukemia HL-60 cells hepatocellular carcinoma Hep-G2 IC (50) values in range 1.31-10.12 µM.

22 derivatives from β-pinene were synthesized and their fungicidal activities against three pathogenic fungi investigated. Studies showed that the introduction of an electron withdrawing group was favorable towards activity.