A5025731778- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Reproductive tract infections research
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Urinary Tract Infections Management
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Polyomavirus and related diseases
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
2016-2025
Children's Hospital at Montefiore
2011-2025
Montefiore Medical Center
2010-2024
Metric Systems Corporation (United States)
2022
Council of Science Editors
2014-2018
Waldorf College
2014-2018
Pediatrics and Genetics
2001-2018
Hudson Institute
2016-2018
Universität Ulm
2016
University of Hohenheim
2015
Context.-Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections in children have occurred primarily individuals with recognized predisposing risks.Community-acquired MRSA the absence of identified risk factors been reported infrequently.Objectives.-To determine whether community-acquired no risks are increasing and to define spectrum disease associated isolation.Design.-Retrospective review medical records.Patients.-Hospitalizedchildren S isolated between August
The purpose of this study was to identify the herpes simplex virus glycoprotein(s) that mediates adsorption virions cells. Because heparan sulfate moieties cell surface proteoglycans serve as receptors for adsorption, we tested whether any viral glycoproteins could bind heparin-Sepharose in affinity chromatography experiments. Two glycoproteins, gB and gC, bound be eluted with soluble heparin. In order determine devoid gC or were impaired quantitated binding wild-type mutant We found at...
Children and youth infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have milder disease than do adults, even among those the recently described multisystem inflammatory syndrome, mortality is rare. The reasons for differences in clinical manifestations are unknown but suggest that age-dependent factors may modulate antiviral immune response. We compared cytokine, humoral, cellular responses pediatric (children youth, age <24 years) (n = 65) adult 60) patients 2019...
To describe the clinical profiles and risk factors for critical illness in hospitalized children adolescents with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Children 1 month to 21 years of age COVID-19 from a single tertiary care children's hospital between March 15 April 13, 2020 were included. Demographic data collected.In total, 67 tested positive COVID-19; (31.3%) managed as outpatients. Of 46 admitted patients, 33 (72%) general pediatric medical unit 13 (28%) intensive (PICU). Obesity asthma...
To characterize the demographic and clinical features of pediatric severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) syndromes identify admission variables predictive disease severity.
BACKGROUNDCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is more benign in children compared with adults for unknown reasons. This contrasts other respiratory viruses where manifestations are often severe children. We hypothesize that a robust early innate immune response to SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) protects against disease.METHODSClinical outcomes, SARS-CoV-2 viral copies, and cellular gene expression were nasopharyngeal swabs obtained at the time of presentation emergency department from 12 27...
Previous studies have shown that the initial interaction of herpes simplex virus (HSV) with cells is binding to heparan sulphate and HSV-1 glycoprotein C (gC) principally responsible for this binding. Although gC-negative viral mutants are impaired entry, they retain significant infectivity. The purpose reported here was explore requirements infectivity mutants. We found absence or alteration cell surface significantly reduced mutant rendered resistant infection, as previously wild-type...
This study examined the ability of nine human defensins (HD) to protect against herpes simplex virus infection. Noncytotoxic concentrations all six alpha-defensins (HNP1-4, HD5, and HD6) beta-defensin (hBD) 3 inhibited HSV Two other beta-defensins, hBD1 2, lacked this protective activity. Synchronized assays revealed that HNP-4, HD6, hBD3 acted primarily by preventing binding entry, whereas HNP1-3 HD5 also postentry events. Even when added several hours after substantial reduction in viral...
ABSTRACT We tested the ability of 20 synthetic θ defensins to protect cells from infection by type 1 and 2 herpes simplex viruses (HSV-1 -2, respectively). The peptides included rhesus (RTDs) 3, originally isolated macaque leukocytes, three (retrocyclins 3) whose sequences were inferred human θ-defensin (DEFT) pseudogenes. also 14 retrocyclin analogues, including retro, enantio, retroenantio forms 1. Retrocyclins RTD 3 protected cervical epithelial both HSV serotypes, but only did so without...
The increase of proinflammatory cytokines in vaginal secretions may serve as a surrogate marker unwanted inflammatory reaction to microbicide products topically applied for the prevention sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV-1. Interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 have been proposed indicators inflammation increased risk HIV-1 transmission; however, lack information regarding detection platforms optimal fluids interlaboratory variation limit their use evaluation other clinical applications....
Subunit vaccines comprised of glycoprotein D (gD-2) failed to prevent HSV-2 highlighting need for novel strategies. To test the hypothesis that deletion gD-2 unmasks protective antigens, we evaluated efficacy and safety an virus deleted in complemented allowing a single round replication on cells expressing HSV-1 gD (ΔgD−/+gD−1). Subcutaneous immunization C57BL/6 or BALB/c mice with ΔgD−/+gD1 provided 100% protection against lethal intravaginal skin challenges prevented latency. elicited no...
Griffithsin, which binds N-linked glycans on gp120 to prevent HIV entry, has the most potent HIV-1 inhibitory activity described for any antiviral lectin and is being developed topical preexposure prophylaxis. The current studies were designed further assess its potential by exploring against herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2), a cofactor acquisition, in vitro murine model. Safety was evaluated examining impact epithelial barrier integrity polarized cultures testing whether repeated intravaginal...
Objective Female genital tract secretions inhibit E. coli ex vivo and the activity may prevent colonization provide a biomarker of healthy microbiome. We hypothesized that high inhibitory would be associated with Lactobacillus crispatus and/or jensenii dominant microbiome differ from women low activity. Study Design Vaginal swab cell pellets 20 samples previously obtained in cross-sectional study near-term pregnant non-pregnant were selected based on having (>90% inhibition) or (<20% anti-E....
Topical preexposure prophylaxis interrupts HIV transmission at the site of mucosal exposure. Intermittently dosed vaginal gels containing HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor tenofovir protected pigtailed macaques depending on timing viral challenge relative to gel application. However, modest or no protection was observed in clinical trials. Intravaginal rings (IVRs) may improve efficacy by providing long-term sustained drug delivery leading constant antiretroviral concentrations and...
Rilpivirine long-acting (RPV-LA) is a parenteral formulation enabling prolonged plasma exposure. We explored its multiple-compartment pharmacokinetics (PK) after single dose, for pre-exposure prophylaxis. Sixty-six HIV-negative volunteers were enrolled: women received an intramuscular dose of 300, 600, or 1,200 mg, with and genital levels measured to 84 days postdose; men receiving 600 mg had similar PK determined in rectum. Ex vivo antiviral activity cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) was also...
There has been substantial research on adult COVID-19 and how to treat it. But do severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections afflict children? The pandemic yielded many surprises, not least that children generally develop less disease than older adults, which is unusual for a disease. However, some can serious complications from COVID-19, such as multisystem inflammatory in (MIS-C) Long Covid, even after mild or asymptomatic COVID-19. Why this occurs others an...
The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence adenoviral infection in pediatric small bowel transplantation (SBT) recipients, examine risk factors for progression histologic disease, and impact adenovirus on outcome.Beginning July 2000, all SBT recipients had viral cultures adenovirus, cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus (HSV) obtained routinely during graft biopsies. medical records were retrospectively reviewed frequency site culture, types doses immunosuppressive...
The cellular pathways required for herpes simplex virus (HSV) invasion have not been defined. To test the hypothesis that HSV entry triggers activation of Ca2+-signaling pathways, effects on intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) after exposure cells to were examined. Exposure results in a rapid and transient increase [Ca2+]i. Pretreatment with pharmacological agents block release inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3)-sensitive endoplasmic reticulum stores abrogates response. Moreover,...
Vaginal microbicides should protect against infection without disrupting the mucosal environment or its mediators of host defense. The objective this study was to examine effect 14 daily applications 0.5% PRO 2000 placebo gel on immunity and intrinsic antimicrobial activity.A randomized, prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled conducted among 24 healthy, abstinent women. Levels cytokines, chemokines, defensins, other protective factors activity were determined in cervicovaginal lavage...
The lack of biomarkers that are predictive safety is a critical gap in the development microbicides. present experiments were designed to evaluate value vitro models microbicide safety.Changes epithelial barrier evaluated by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) after exposure human cells candidate microbicides dual-chamber system. significance observed changes was addressed challenging cultures with immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and ability cross epithelium infect target T...
HSV triggers intracellular calcium release to promote viral entry. We hypothesized that Akt signaling induces the responses and contributes Exposure of human cervical primary genital tract epithelial, neuronal, or keratinocyte cells serotype 2 resulted in rapid phosphorylation Akt. Silencing with small interfering RNA prevented responses, blocked entry, inhibited plaque formation by 90% compared control siRNA. Susceptibility infection was partially restored if reintroduced into silenced an...