This report demonstrates that a single intravenous administration of gene therapy vector can potentially result in the correction all affected muscles mouse model human genetic muscle disease. These results were achieved by capitalizing both on positive attributes modified adenovirus-based vectoring systems and receptor-mediated lysosomal targeting enzymes. The disease treated, glycogen storage type II, is disorder manifests as progressive myopathy, secondary to massive accumulations...

(E)-β-Farnesene (EβF) is the predominant constituent of alarm pheromone most aphid pest species. Moreover, natural enemies aphids use EβF to locate their prey. Some plant species emit EβF, potentially as a defense against aphids, but field demonstrations are lacking. Here, we present and laboratory studies flower showing that ladybird beetles predominantly attracted young stage-2 pyrethrum flowers emitted highest purest levels EβF. By contrast, were repelled by S2 flowers. Although peach can...

Abstract Acidic tea (Camellia sinensis) plantation soil usually suffers from magnesium (Mg) deficiency, and as such, application of fertilizer containing Mg can substantially increase quality by enhancing the accumulation nitrogen (N)-containing chemicals such amino acids in young shoots. However, molecular mechanisms underlying promoting effects on N assimilation plants remain unclear. Here, both hydroponic field experiments were conducted to analyze N, Mg, metabolite contents, gene...

Significance The m 7 G cap is the canonical RNA in eukaryotes, but other noncanonical caps exist, including NAD + cap. captureSeq has been widely used to profile -capped RNAs (NAD-RNAs) prokaryotes and eukaryotes. However, reacts at a low level with G-RNAs introduces copper ions that cause fragmentation, resulting reduced sensitivity loss of full-length sequence information. To address these issues, we developed copper-free SPAAC-NAD-seq, which utilizes strain-promoted azide–alkyne...

Abstract Pyrethrins constitute a class of terpene derivatives with high insecticidal activity and are mainly synthesized in the capitula horticulturally important plant, Tanacetum cinerariifolium. Treatment T. cinerariifolium methyl jasmonate (MeJA) field induces pyrethrin biosynthesis, but mechanism linking MeJA biosynthesis remains unclear. In this study, we explored transcription factors involved regulating MeJA-induced biosynthesis. A single spray application to leaves rapidly...

DNA transfection is often the bottleneck of research and gene therapy practices. To explore mechanism regulating transgene expression, we investigated role cGAS-STING signaling pathway, which induces type-I interferons in response to DNA. We confirmed that deletion cGAS enhances expression at protein level by ~2- 3-fold. This enhancement inversely correlated with interferon stimulated genes (ISGs), suppress transfected mRNA level. Mechanistically, activates pathway OAS family proteins,...

Abstract The occurrence of NAD + as a non-canonical RNA cap has been demonstrated in diverse organisms. TIR domain-containing proteins present all kingdoms life act defense responses and can have NADase activity that hydrolyzes . Here, we show from several bacterial one archaeal species remove the NAM moiety NAD-capped RNAs (NAD-RNAs). We demonstrate deNAMing AbTir (from Acinetobacter baumannii ) on NAD-RNA specifically produces cyclic ADPR-RNA, which be further decapped vitro by known...

Sublethal quinone-mediated oxidative stress stimulates increases in the activities and mRNA levels of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (GCS) rat lung epithelial L2 cells [Kugelman, A. et al. 1994. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 11:586-592; Shi, M. Chem. 269:26512-26517]. The present study demonstrated that quinone-induced these two enzymes were differentially regulated. exposed to various concentrations tertiary-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) for different...

Summary Aphids are pests of chrysanthemum that employ plant volatiles to select host plants and ingest cell contents probe quality before engaging in prolonged feeding reproduction. Changes volatile nonvolatile metabolite profiles can disrupt aphid–plant interactions provide new methods pest control. Chrysanthemol synthase ( CHS ) from Tanacetum cinerariifolium represents the first committed step biosynthesis pyrethrin ester insecticides, but no biological role for chrysanthemol product...

Recent findings regarding nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-capped RNAs (NAD-RNAs) indicate that prokaryotes and eukaryotes employ noncanonical RNA capping to regulate gene expression. Two methods for transcriptome-wide analysis of NAD-RNAs, NAD captureSeq tagSeq, are based on copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) click chemistry label NAD-RNAs. However, copper ions can fragment/degrade RNA, interfering with the analyses. Here we report development tagSeq II, which uses...

Cytochrome P450 genes are very important for plant-parasitic nematodes to reproduce and metabolize xenobiotic compounds generated by their host plants. The pine wood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, causes high annual economic losses killing large numbers of trees across Asia into Europe. In this study, we used RNA interference (RNAi) analyze the function cyp-33C9 gene PWN. Our results showed that expression was suppressed successfully after soaking 24 h in double-stranded...

Ribosome biogenesis is essential for protein synthesis in gene expression. Yeast eIF5B has been shown biochemically to facilitate 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) 3′ end maturation during late-stage 40S subunit assembly and gate the transition from translation initiation elongation. But genome-wide effects of have not studied at single-nucleotide resolution any organism, rRNA poorly understood plants. Arabidopsis HOT3/eIF5B1 was found promote development heat stress acclimation by translational...

Pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium) is one of the most important industrial crops for extraction pyrethrins, which are natural insecticidal compounds. Progress in pyrethrum molecular breeding with objective increasing pyrethrin content has been slow lack a suitable gene transfer system. Regeneration recalcitrance crucial barrier to establishing genetic transformation system pyrethrum. Therefore, this study, an Agrobacterium-mediated was developed using shoot apical meristems from...

Traditional CRISPR/Cas9 systems that rely on U6 or U3 snRNA promoters (RNA polymerase III-dependent promoters) can only achieve constitutive gene editing in plants, hampering the functional analysis of specifically expressed genes. Ribozyme-mediated increase types which be used to transcribe sgRNA. Therefore, such allow specific editing; for example, transcription artificial Ribozyme-sgRNA-Ribozyme (RGR) is initiated by an RNA II-dependent promoter. Genetic transformation indispensable plant...

Pyrethrins, synthesized in the perennial plant Tanacetum cinerariifolium , are a class of terpene mixtures with high insecticidal activity and low human toxicity, which widely used plant-derived pesticides. Numerous studies have identified multiple pyrethrins biosynthesis enzymes, can be enhanced by exogenous hormones such as methyl jasmonate (MeJA). However, mechanism hormone signaling regulates potential involvement certain transcription factors (TFs) remain unclear. In this study, we...

(E)-β-Farnesene (EBF) serves as the primary component of alarm pheromone used by most aphid pest species. Pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium) exhibits tissue-specific regulation EBF accumulation and release, effectively mimicking signal, deterring attacks while attracting predators. However, cultivated chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium), a popular economically significant flower, is highly vulnerable to infestations. In this study, we investigated high expression pyrethrum synthase...

Purpose: Early gastrointestinal tumors can be removed by endoscopic procedures. Endoscopic mucosal dissection (ESD) requires submucosal fluid injection to provide elevation and prevent intraoperative perforation. However, the clinically applied normal saline height is low for a short time, which often multiple injections that increase inconvenience procedure time. In addition, recently researched materials (SIM) suffer from complex preparation, poor economy, biocompatibility. Therefore,...

Recent studies show that nocturnal pollinators may be more important to ecosystem function and food production than is currently appreciated. Here, we describe an agricultural field study of pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium) flower pollination. Pyrethrum genetically self-incompatible thus reliant on for seed set. Our pollinator exclusion experiment showed insects, particularly moths, significantly contribute set quality. We discovered the most abundant floral volatile, sesquiterpene...

Photosynthesis requires chloroplasts, in which most proteins are nucleus-encoded and produced via cytoplasmic translation. The translation initiation factor eIF5B gates the transition from (I) to elongation (E), Kozak motif is associated with efficiency, but their relationship previously unknown. Here, ribosome profiling, we determined genome-wide I-E efficiencies. We discovered that prevalent high efficiency Arabidopsis, rice, wheat, thus implicating potential of facilitating transition....