Vascular development and maturation are dependent on the interactions of endothelial cell integrins with surrounding extracellular matrix. Previous investigations primacy certain in vascular have not addressed whether this could also be a secondary effect due to poor embryonic nutrition. Here, we show that α 5 integrin subunit fibronectin critical roles blood vessel mouse embryos embryoid bodies (EBs) differentiated from stem cells (a situation which there is no nutritional deficit caused by...

Abstract Primordial germ cells are the founder of gametes. They set aside at initial stages gastrulation in mammals, become embedded hind-gut endoderm, then actively migrate to sites gonad formation. The molecular basis this migration is poorly understood. Here we sought determine if members integrin family cell surface receptors required for primordial migration, as integrins have been implicated several other motile types. We established a line mice which express green fluorescent protein...

Nidogen 1 and 2 are basement membrane glycoproteins, previous biochemical functional studies indicate that they may play a crucial role in assembly. While show divergent expression pattern certain adult tissues, both have similar distribution during development. Gene knockout mice demonstrated the loss of either isoform has no effect on formation organ development, suggesting complementary functions. Here, we this is indeed case. Deficiency nidogens resulted perinatal lethality. do not...

Summary Background Adipokines in breast milk have been associated with infant growth trajectories. Objective We aimed to explore the relationship of leptin and adiponectin weight gain body composition up age 2 years. Methods Breast samples were collected from exclusively or partially breastfeeding mothers at 6 weeks ( n = 152) 4 months 120) post‐partum. Leptin determined skim related fat mass assessed by skin‐fold thickness measurements. A total 118 infants examined Results The levels both...

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) results from increased hepatic lipid accumulation and steatosis, is closely linked to one-carbon (C1) metabolism. We assessed in C57BL6/N mice whether NAFLD induced by a high-fat (HF) diet over 8 weeks can be reversed additional 4 of dietary methyl-donor supplementation (MDS). MDS the obese failed reverse NAFLD, but prevented progression steatosis associated with major changes key C1-metabolites, e.g. S-adenosyl-methionine S-adenosyl-homocysteine....

Mouse embryos genetically null for the alphav integrin subunit develop intracerebral hemorrhages at midgestation and die shortly after birth. A key question is whether hemorrhage arises from primary defects in vascular endothelial cells or pericytes other causes. We have previously reported normal initiation of cerebral vessels comprising branched tubes cells. Here we show that onset not due to pericyte recruitment. Additionally, most alphav-null display ultrastructurally...

A number of human cytokeratins are expressed during the development stratified epithelia from one-layered polar and continue to be in several adult epithelial tissues. For studies regulation synthesis stratification-related internal tissues, we have prepared cDNA genomic clones encoding cytokeratin 4, as a representative basic (type II) subfamily 15, acidic I) subfamily, determined their nucleotide sequences. The specific expression mRNAs these two polypeptides certain tissues cultured cell...

AbstractNidogens are highly conserved proteins in vertebrates and invertebrates found almost all basement membranes. According to the classical hypothesis of membrane organization, nidogens connect laminin collagen IV networks, so stabilizing membrane, integrate other proteins. In mammals two nidogen proteins, nidogen-1 nidogen-2, have been discovered. Nidogen-2 is typically enriched endothelial membranes, whereas shows broader localization most Surprisingly, analysis gene knockout mice...

Previously we have examined the effect of maternal dietary n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) supplementation during pregnancy on offspring fat mass. Considering involvement placenta in fetal programming, aimed to analyze sex-specific gene expression human term and its response LCPUFA intervention, as well their correlations adiposity.Placental was assessed a control intervention group by DNA microarrays, biological pathway analyses RT-qPCR validation. Expression data were...

The roles of the different molecular domains intermediate filament (IF) proteins in assembly and higher order organization IF structures have recently been studied by various groups but with partially controversial results. To examine requirement aminoterminal (head) carboxyterminal (tail) domain cytokeratins (CKs) for de novo formation living cell, we constructed cDNAs coding intact as well head- and/or tail-less human CKs 8 18 naturally CK 19, all under control beta-actin promoter. After...

The stratified squamous epithelium of the oral gingiva and hard palate is characterized by a tissue architecture cytoskeletal composition similar to, although not identical with, that epidermis fundamentally different from adjacent non-masticatory mucosa. Using immunocytochemistry with antibodies specific for individual cytokeratins, in situ hybridization Northern blots RNA riboprobes cytokeratin mRNAs, gel electrophoresis proteins microdissected biopsy samples, we show changes pattern...

Nidogens are two ubiquitous basement membrane proteins produced mainly by mesenchymal cells. Nidogen-mediated interactions, in particular with laminin, collagen IV, and perlecan have been considered important the formation maintenance of membrane. However, whereas mice lacking both nidogen isoforms or carrying mutations high affinity nidogen-binding site upon laminin gamma1 chain specific defects certain organs, particularly lung, characterization these has also shown that per se does not...

Obesity is associated with a state of chronic low-grade inflammation. Immune cells accumulate in white adipose tissue (WAT). The vascular endothelium plays an interactive role these infiltration and inflammatory processes. Mature hypertrophic adipocytes are considered as the major adipogenic cell type secreting proinflammatory cytokines WAT. In contrast, capacity preadipocytes their endothelial activation have been neglected so far. To gain new insights into this molecular cellular...

Maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) may independently influence offspring fat mass metabolic disease susceptibility. In this pilot study, body composition distribution in from obese women with without GDM lean were assessed within the 1st year of life, maternal newborn plasma factors related to adipose tissue distribution.Serum samples pregnant (n = 16) or 13) normoglycemic 15) at 3rd trimester cord used for analyzing lipid profiles, insulin adipokine levels. At week-1...

Abstract Mice chimeric for integrins α5, αV, or α4 were used to dissect the in vivo roles of these adhesion receptors during leukocyte development and traffic. No major defects observed lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes traffic lymphocytes different lymphoid organs absence α5 αV integrins. However, agreement with previous reports, produced myeloid lineages a specific defect homing Peyer’s patches. In contrast, integrin subunit is not essential localization T into intraepithelial lamina...