Bacteria produce diverse specialized metabolites that mediate ecological interactions and serve as a rich source of industrially relevant natural products. Biosynthetic pathways for these are encoded by organized groups genes called biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). Understanding the function distribution BGCs provides insight into mechanisms through which microorganisms interact compete. Further, understanding is extremely important biocontrol mining new bioactivities. Here, we...

Turgencin A, a potent antimicrobial peptide isolated from the Arctic sea squirt Synoicum turgens, consists of 36 amino acid residues and three disulfide bridges, making it challenging to synthesize. The aim present study was develop truncated with an drug lead potential based on turgencin A. experiments consisted of: (1) sequence analysis prediction 10-mer sequences; (2) synthesis screening devoid cysteine residues; (3) optimization in vitro activity using replacement strategy; (4)...

Abstract The role of antagonistic secondary metabolites produced by Pseudomonas protegens in suppression soil-borne phytopathogens has been clearly documented. However, their contribution to the ability P. establish soil and rhizosphere microbiomes remains less clear. Here, we use a four-species synthetic community (SynCom) which individual members are sensitive towards key antimicrobial (DAPG, pyoluteorin, orfamide A) determine how antibiotic production contributes invasion identify traits...

This study reports the isolation of two novel cysteine-rich antibacterial peptides, turgencin A and B, along with their oxidized derivatives, from Arctic marine colonial ascidian Synoicum turgens. The peptides are post-translationally modified, containing six cysteines an unusual disulfide connectivity Cys1-Cys6, Cys2-Cys5, Cys3-Cys4 amidated C-terminus. Furthermore, contain methionine residues resulting in different degrees oxidation. most potent peptide, AMox1 one methionine, displayed...

Several plant triterpenoids have valuable pharmaceutical properties, but their production and usage is limited since extraction from plants can burden natural resources, result in low yields purity. Here, we engineered oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica to produce three (asiatic, madecassic, arjunolic acids) by fermentation. First, established the recombinant of precursors, ursolic oleanolic acids, expressing enzymes free or fused versions a Y. strain previously optimized for squalene...

Abstract Although not essential for their growth, the production of secondary metabolites increases fitness producing microorganisms in natural habitat by enhancing establishment, competition, and nutrient acquisition. The Gram-positive soil-dwelling bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, produces a variety metabolites. Here, we investigated regulatory relationship between non-ribosomal peptide surfactin sactipeptide bacteriocin subtilosin A. We discovered that B. subtilis mutants lacking exhibited...

ABSTRACT Streptomyces are major players in soil microbiomes; however, their interactions with other actinobacteria remain largely unexplored. Given the complex developmental cycle of actinobacteria, a multi-omics approach is essential to unravel interactions. This study originated from observation induced morphogenesis between two environmental isolates same site, Kitasatospora sp. P9-2B1 and P9-2B2. When co-cultivated on potato dextrose agar, P9-2B2 triggered wave-like sporulation pattern...

Interkingdom interactions are crucial for community and ecosystem functioning, however secondary metabolites mediating between plant beneficial bacteria fungi remain understudied. Penicillium Bacillus species can individually suppress soilborne phytopathogens promote growth. Here, we showed that hordei subtilis co-culture led to precipitation of B. lipopeptides, observed as white line in agar. Metabolomic analysis revealed triggered enhanced production fungal terrestric acid its biosynthetic...

Red spherule cells (RSCs) are considered one of the prime immune sea urchins, but their detailed biological role during responses is not well elucidated. Lack pure populations accounts for major challenges studying these cells. In this study, we have demonstrated that live RSCs exhibit strong, multi-colour autofluorescence distinct from other coelomocytes, and with help fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), a population was successfully separated coelomocytes in green urchin,...

Biosynthesis of an antibacterial compound by marine bacteria is enhanced growth biofilms on micro-structured polymer surfaces.

There are several cannabidiol (CBD) transdermal patches available on the market. However, none FDA-approved. Furthermore, not much evidence has been published about CBD release and skin permeation from such patches, so effectiveness reliability remain unclear.We aimed to develop a method determine in vitro of using Franz cell diffusion combination with quantitative 1 H-NMR (qNMR).The study was conducted known content six different commercially or market-ready Strat-M™ membrane samples taken...

In May–June 2019, the microalga Chrysochromulina leadbeateri caused a massive fish-killing event in several fjords Northern Norway, resulting largest direct impact ever on aquaculture northern Europe due to toxic algae. Motivated by fact that no algal toxins have previously been described from C. leadbeateri, we set out investigate chemical nature and toxicity of secondary metabolites extracts two strains (UIO 393, UIO 394) isolated 2019 bloom, as well one older strain 035) during bloom...

Dynamic cluster analysis (DCA) is an automated, unbiased technique which can identify Cl, Br, S, and other A + 2 element containing metabolites in liquid chromatographic high-resolution mass spectrometric data. DCA based on three features, primarily the previously unutilized 1 to isotope spacing a strong classifier itself but improved with addition of monoisotopic mass, well-known A:A+2 intensity ratio. Utilizing only it was possible filter chromatogram for contain S. Screening simulated...

Adipic acid, a six-carbon platform chemical mainly used in nylon production, can be produced via reverse β-oxidation microbial systems. The advantages posed by Corynebacterium glutamicum as model cell factory for implementing the pathway include: (1) availability of genetic tools, (2) excretion succinate and acetate when TCA cycle becomes overflown, (3) initiation biosynthesis with succinyl-CoA acetyl-CoA, (4) established succinic acid production. Here, we implemented C. assessed its...

Being able to quantify ichthyotoxic metabolites from microalgae allows for the determination of ecologically-relevant concentrations that can be simulated in laboratory experiments, as well investigate bioaccumulation and degradation. Here, ichthyotoxin karmitoxin, produced by Karlodinium armiger, was quantified laboratory-grown cultures using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled electrospray ionisation high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HRMS). Prior...

Untargeted mass spectrometry-based metabolomics, crucial in diverse research areas such as clinical diagnostics and chemical ecology, often encounters the challenge of interpreting complex datasets with thousands unique, low-annotation-rate features. Advancements MS2-based molecular networking, particularly Feature-Based Molecular Networking its offshoots, have improved data deconvolution annotation. Although this is case, these approaches result networks numerous singletons, complicating...

Goniodomin A (GDA, 1) is a phycotoxin produced by at least four species of Alexandrium dinoflagellates that are found globally in brackish estuaries and lagoons. It linear polyketide with six oxygen heterocyclic rings cyclized into macrocyclic structure via lactone formation. Two the heterocycles 1 comprise spiro-bis-pyran, whereas goniodomin B (GDB) contains 2,7-dioxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane ring system fused to pyran. When H2O present, undergoes facile conversion isomer GDB an α,β-unsaturated...

Abstract The role of antagonistic secondary metabolites produced by Pseudomonas protegens in suppression soil-borne phytopathogens has been clearly documented. However, their contribution to the ability P. establish soil and rhizosphere microbiomes remains ambiguous. Here, we use a four-species synthetic community determine how antibiotic production contributes invasion identify traits that alter abundance key antimicrobial (DAPG, pyoluteorin orfamide A). Surprisingly, mutants deficient...

ABSTRACT Bacteria produce many different specialized metabolites, which are encoded by biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). Despite high industrial relevance owing to broad bioactive potential of these their ecological roles remain largely unexplored. We analyze all available genomes for BGCs phage origin. The predominantly reside within temperate phages infecting certain commensal and pathogenic bacteria. Nearly encode bacteriocins, appear serve as a strong proxy specificity. Using the...

Abstract The accumulation of micropollutants emerging concern in aqueous systems raises safety concerns regarding biological and human health. Mycoremediation is a promising green strategy to mitigate the micropollutant challenge. Hitherto, focus has mainly been on white-rot Basidiomycota transformation by ascomycetes remains underexplored. Here, we assayed 53 Ascomycota isolates from 10 genera for removal 22 micropollutants. Notably, 9 out were removed fungal culture supernatant at...

Abstract In May–June 2019, the microalga Chrysochromulina leadbeateri caused a massive fish-killing event in several fjords Northern Norway, resulting largest direct impact ever on aquaculture northern Europe due to toxic algae. Motivated by fact that no algal toxins have previously been described from C. , we set out investigate chemical nature and toxicity of secondary metabolites extracts two strains (UIO 393, UIO 394) isolated 2019 bloom, as well one older strain 035) during bloom Norway...