A5035263945- Fungal Infections and Studies
- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Nail Diseases and Treatments
- Chemical Synthesis and Analysis
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Click Chemistry and Applications
- Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Melanoma and MAPK Pathways
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Ethics in Clinical Research
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership
2018-2025
University of London
2015-2025
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2011-2025
University of the Witwatersrand
2024-2025
BC Centre for Disease Control
2004-2021
University College London
2020
St Bartholomew's Hospital
2020
University College Hospital
2020
Royal Sussex County Hospital
2014-2018
Lawson Foundation
2018
Abstract Avian influenza that infects poultry in close proximity to humans is a concern because of its pandemic potential. In 2004, an outbreak highly pathogenic avian H7N3 occurred British Columbia, Canada. Surveillance identified two persons with confirmed infection. Symptoms included conjunctivitis and mild influenzalike illness.
Cryptococcal meningitis is a leading cause of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related death in sub-Saharan Africa. Whether treatment regimen that includes single high dose liposomal amphotericin B would be efficacious not known.
Genome sequences of chicken (low pathogenic avian influenza [LPAI] and highly [HPAI]) human isolates from a 2004 outbreak H7N3 in Canada showed novel insertion the HA0 cleavage site HPAI isolate. This likely occurred by recombination between hemagglutination matrix genes LPAI virus.
Abstract Background This article discusses the ethical issues surrounding integration of long-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy (LA-ART) in programmatic management human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). As medical landscape evolves, implementing LA-ART introduces many that should be considered for success scale-up diverse settings. Methods examines key such as bioethical concerns around rollout LA-ART, including regulatory requirements, a person's autonomy, informed consent, privacy and...
A significant problem in the clinical treatment of cancer relates to development tumor resistance many chemotherapeutic agents. Acquired drug is often mediated through overexpression membrane transport proteins that effectively efflux anticancer Two best-studied transporters, P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and MRP1, have pharmacological properties only partially overlap. In our search for improved drug-resistance antagonists, we identified a family substituted quinoxalines selectively antagonizes Pgp...
Purpose To determine the frequency of complications and death following image-guided and/or image-assisted liver biopsy to identify significant variables associated with an increased risk or death. Materials Methods Institutional review board approval for this type study is not required in United Kingdom. Kingdom radiology departments a department leader audit registered Royal College Radiologists were invited participate. The first 50 consecutive patients who underwent 2008 included. Audit...
Abstract Background Concurrent extrahepatic autoimmune disease ( CEHAID ) associated with hepatitis AIH have been incorporated into the diagnostic criteria stipulated by International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group IAIHG ). Large comprehensive cohort data on autoimmunity in remain scanty. Aim To systematically assess features and clinical impact of . Methods Clinical records 562 patients from two tertiary centres UK were retrospectively reviewed. Results Prevalence was 42%. thyroid commonest...
We performed a phase 2 noninferiority trial examining the early fungicidal activity (EFA) of 3 short-course, high-dose liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) regimens for cryptococcal meningitis (CM) in Tanzania and Botswana. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults with CM were randomized to (i) L-AmB 10 mg/kg on day 1 (single dose); (ii) 5 (2 doses); (iii) days 7 (3 or (iv) mg/kg/day 14 (control). All patients also received oral fluconazole 1200 mg/day days. Primary endpoint was mean...
BackgroundHIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis is the second leading cause of AIDS-related deaths, with a 10-week mortality rate 25–30%. Fungal load assessed by colony-forming unit (CFU) counts used as prognostic marker and to monitor response treatment in research studies. PCR-based assessment fungal could be quicker less labour-intensive. We sought design, optimise, validate quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays for detection, identification, quantification Cryptococcus infections patients...
Animals at advanced ages exhibit a reduction in central leptin sensitivity. However, changes growth, metabolism, and obesity risk occur much earlier life, particularly during the transition from youth to middle age. To determine when initial decreases sensitivity occur, leptin-dependent suppression of food intake was tested 8-, 12-, 20-wk-old male, chow-fed Sprague Dawley rats. Intracerebroventricular injection (3 microg) suppressed 24-h 8- 12-wk-old rats (P < 0.05) but not identify...
Abstract Background The province of British Columbia (BC) has been recognized for successful SARS-CoV-2 control, with surveillance data showing amongst the lowest case and death rates in Canada. We estimate sero-prevalence two periods flanking start (March) end (May) first-wave mitigation measures BC. Methods Serial cross-sectional sampling was conducted using anonymized residual sera obtained from an outpatient laboratory network, including children adults Greater Vancouver Area (population...
HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis is a leading cause of AIDS-related mortality. The AMBITION-cm trial showed that regimen based on single high dose liposomal amphotericin B deoxycholate (AmBisome group) was non-inferior to the WHO-recommended treatment seven daily doses (control and associated with fewer adverse events. We present five-country cost-effectiveness analysis.
Activation of ras oncogenes occurs in a high percentage tumors, making the enzymes involved posttranslational processing their encoded proteins (p21s) attractive targets for development new drugs. Although most effort has focused on farnesyl transferase, which catalyzes first step, attachment palmitate to p21 is required optimal transformation by H-ras and N-ras. We have demonstrated that natural product cerulenin ([2R,3S]-2,3-epoxy-4-oxo-7,10-trans,trans-dodecadienamide) inhibits...
Yersinia are causative agents in human diseases ranging from gastrointestinal syndromes to Bubonic Plague. There is increasing risk of misuse infectious agents, such as pestis, weapons terror well instruments warfare for mass destruction. YopH an essential virulence factor whose protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) activity required pathogenicity. Consequently, there considerable interest developing potent and selective inhibitors novel anti-plague agents. We have screened a library 720...
There is widespread interest in developing fluorescent reporters of protein kinase activity, species that can furnish a visual readout both when and where intracellular kinases are activated response to stimulus. We have constructed identified, via combination rational design, library synthesis, screening, difluorofluorescein-appended peptide-based responds C phosphorylation fluorescently sensitive fashion. The phosphorylation-induced divalent metal ion-mediated 265% enhancement fluorescence...
Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a major cause of mortality in HIV programmes Africa despite increasing access to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Mortality driven part by limited availability amphotericin-based treatment, drug-induced toxicities amphotericin B deoxycholate and prolonged hospital admissions. A single, high-dose liposomal (L-AmB, Ambisome) on fluconazole backbone has been reported as non-inferior 14 days standard dose L-AmB reducing fungal burden. This trial examines whether...