A5034898456- Fungal Infections and Studies
- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Nail Diseases and Treatments
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Infectious Diseases and Mycology
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- HIV/AIDS oral health manifestations
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Phytoplasmas and Hemiptera pathogens
- Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Myasthenia Gravis and Thymoma
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
St George's, University of London
2016-2025
City St George's, University of London
2025
St George's Hospital
2012-2024
University of Exeter
2020-2024
St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
2013-2024
Medical Research Council
2021-2024
The Heart Research Institute
2024
National Health Service
2020-2023
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
2023
Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership
2022
Cryptococcosis is a global invasive mycosis associated with significant morbidity and mortality. These guidelines for its management have been built on the previous Infectious Diseases Society of America from 2000 include new sections. There discussion cryptococcal meningoencephalitis in 3 risk groups: (1) human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals, (2) organ transplant recipients, (3) non-HIV-infected nontransplant hosts. are specific recommendations other unique populations,...
Invasive fungal diseases (IFDs) remain important causes of morbidity and mortality. The consensus definitions the Infectious Diseases Group European Organization for Research Treatment Cancer Mycoses Study have been immense value to researchers who conduct clinical trials antifungals, assess diagnostic tests, undertake epidemiologic studies. However, their utility has not extended beyond patients with cancer or recipients stem cell solid organ transplants. With newer techniques available, it...
Tuberculosis regimens that are shorter and simpler than the current 6-month daily regimen needed.
Cryptococcosis is a potentially lethal disease of humans/animals caused by Cryptococcus neoformans and gattii. Distinction between the two species based on phenotypic genotypic characteristics. Recently, it was proposed that C. be divided into gattii five phylogenetic analysis 115 isolates. While this proposal adds to knowledge about genetic diversity population structure cryptococcosis agents, published genotypes 2,606 strains have already revealed more than encompassed seven species....
Cryptococcal meningitis accounts for more than 100,000 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related deaths per year. We tested two treatment strategies that could be sustainable in Africa the standard of 2 weeks amphotericin B plus flucytosine and effective widely used fluconazole monotherapy.We randomly assigned HIV-infected adults with cryptococcal to receive an oral regimen (fluconazole [1200 mg day] [100 kilogram body weight weeks), 1 week (1 day), or day). Each patient was also as a...
Background. Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a leading cause of death in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Identifying factors associated mortality informs strategies to improve outcomes.
Cryptococcal meningitis is a leading cause of death in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and contributes substantially to the high early mortality antiretroviral treatment (ART) programs low-resource settings. Screening for cryptococcal antigen who enroll ART may identify those at risk permit targeted use preemptive therapy.In this retrospective study, was measured stored plasma samples obtained from when they enrolled well-characterized cohort South Africa. The predictive...
Background. Many deaths from cryptococcal meningitis (CM) may be preventable through early diagnosis and treatment. An inexpensive point-of-care (POC) assay for use with urine or a drop of blood would facilitate infection in resource-limited settings. We compared antigen (CRAG) concentrations plasma, serum, patients CM, using an antigen-capture glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) novel POC dipstick test. Methods. GXM were determined paired 62 active recent quantitative sandwich enzyme-linked...
The presentation and causes of adult meningitis in South Africa have changed substantially as a result HIV. Knowledge aetiology laboratory findings patients presenting with are important guiding management. We performed retrospective study to determine these setting high HIV TB prevalence Cape Town. Patients undergoing lumbar punctures between 1st January 2006 31st December 2008 at public sector referral hospital were studied. Cases classified by microbiological diagnosis, or the absence...
Background: Interferon-gamma (IFNγ) is of key importance in the immune response to Cryptococcus neoformans. Mortality related cryptococcal meningitis remains high, and novel treatment strategies are needed. We performed a randomized controlled trial determine whether addition IFNγ standard therapy increased rate clearance infection HIV-associated meningitis. Methods: Patients were amphotericin B 1 mg/kg per day 5FC 100 for 2 weeks (standard therapy), IFNγ1b μg days 3 (IFNγ two doses), or 1,...
Cryptococcal meningitis is a leading cause of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related death in sub-Saharan Africa. Whether treatment regimen that includes single high dose liposomal amphotericin B would be efficacious not known.
Importance Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) is a common cause of stroke (lacunar stroke), the most vascular cognitive impairment, and impairs mobility mood but has no specific treatment. Objective To test feasibility, drug tolerability, safety, effects 1-year isosorbide mononitrate (ISMN) cilostazol treatment on vascular, functional, outcomes in patients with lacunar stroke. Design, Setting, Participants The Lacunar Intervention Trial-2 (LACI-2) was an investigator-initiated, open-label,...
In a prospective observational study of 54 patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated cryptococcal meningitis, the early fungicidal activity amphotericin B (1 mg/kg/day) was significantly greater than that fluconazole (400 mg/day). Compared antiretroviral therapy-naive patients, developing meningitis while already receiving therapy had lower baseline fungal burdens and longer median duration survival, but there were no differences observed in clearance, cerebrospinal fluid...
ABSTRACT Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an enzyme that converts superoxide radicals into hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen has been shown to contribute the virulence of many human-pathogenic bacteria through its ability neutralize toxic levels reactive species generated by host. SOD also speculated be important in pathogenesis fungal infections, but role this not rigorously investigated. To examine contribution we cloned Cu,Zn SOD-encoding gene ( SOD1 ) from yeast Cryptococcus neoformans...