A5006124702- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Pediatric Hepatobiliary Diseases and Treatments
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Mesenchymal stem cell research
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
Translational Health Science and Technology Institute
2020-2025
International AIDS Vaccine Initiative
2020-2023
National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health
2014-2021
Indian Council of Medical Research
2020-2021
Jaslok Hospital
2010
While HIV-1 subtype C (HIV-1C) is the most prevalent and widely distributed in HIV pandemic, nearly all current prevention therapeutic strategies are based on work with B (HIV-1B). HIV-1C displays distinct genetic pathogenic features from that of HIV-1B. Thus, treatment approaches developed for HIV-1B need to be suitably optimized HIV-1C. A suitable animal model will help delineate comparative aspects infections. Here, we used a humanized mouse evaluate infection, disease progression,...
Aim: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is associated with neonatal cholestasis (NC). Diagnosis of CMV infection most often based on either positive blood IgM or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Isolation in liver tissues patients NC has rarely been reported. This study was undertaken to see if present and evaluate the correlation between PCR tissue serology PCR. Methods: conducted 31 infants from June 2015 December 2016. All underwent IgM, Prevalence calculated. Sensitivity specificity serologic markers...
Abstract Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAb) have been clinically proven to be an excellent choice for HIV-1 prevention. However, the relative effectiveness of best-in-class bnAbs against regionally relevant circulating forms is not clear. In present study, we compared degree neutralization sensitivity contemporary Indian clade C with that South African origin. Phylogenetic analysis revealed these viruses continue evolve distinctly from one another. Env-pseudotyped prepared using env...
Abstract Viral genome sequencing and analysis are crucial for understanding the diversity evolution of viruses. Traditional Sanger is limited by low sequence depth labour intensive. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) methods, such as Illumina, offer improved throughput but face challenges with accurate reconstruction viral genomes due to fragmentation. Third-generation platforms, PacBio Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) generate long reads high throughput. However, constrained substantial...
ABSTRACT While broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) have been clinically shown to prevent HIV-1 acquisition, their relative effectiveness against regionally relevant forms is not clear. In the present study, we examined extent of neutralization susceptibility contemporary Indian clade C at a population level along with head-to-head comparison that from South Africa panel best-in-class bnAbs. Env-pseudotyped viruses encoding India env were found be best neutralized by V3 glycan-directed...
Although efficacious vaccines have significantly reduced the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19, there remains an unmet medical need for treatment options, which monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can potentially fill. This is exacerbated by emergence spread SARS-CoV-2 variants concern (VOCs) that shown some resistance to vaccine responses. Here we report isolation five neutralizing mAbs from Indian convalescent donor, out two (THSC20.HVTR04 THSC20.HVTR26) showed potent neutralization VOCs at...
Viremic non-progressors (VNPs), a distinct group of HIV-1 infected individuals, exhibit no signs disease progression and maintain persistently elevated CD4+ T cell counts for several years despite high viral replication. Comprehensive characterisation homeostatic cellular immune signatures in VNPs can provide unique insights into mechanisms responsible coping with pathogenesis as well identifying strategies restoration under clinically relevant settings such anti-retroviral therapy (ART)...
Evolving diversity in globally circulating HIV-1 subtypes presents a formidable challenge defining and developing neutralizing antibodies for prevention treatment. subtype C is responsible majority of global infections. In the present study, we examined genetic signatures attributes that differentiate region-specific gp120 sequences associated with virus neutralization outcomes to key bnAbs having distinct epitope specificities. A total 1814 full length sequence from 37 countries were...
To determine the hepatic interferon γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels in infants with neonatal cholestasis (NC) associated cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.This study was conducted 21 NC over a period of 6 months from June 2017 to December IFN-γ TNF-α CMV infection.IFN-γ were positive 16 (80%), low 3 (16%) negative 1 (5%) patients. High seen 9 (56.3%) patients liver PCR 7 (43.7%) (odds ratio [OR] = 2.6). Positive present 13 (81.3%) or (18.7%) (OR 2.2). Six (60%) high tissue...
Abstract Background The potential use of the broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (bnAbs) towards prophylaxis and treatment to HIV-1 is currently being explored. While a number promising bnAbs have been discovered few them progressed clinical development, their extent neutralization coverage with respect global variants given existence genetically distinct subtypes recombinants circulating globally not clearly known. In present study, we examined variation in susceptibility...
Abstract Evolving diversity in globally circulating HIV-1 subtypes presents formidable challenge defining and developing neutralizing antibodies for prevention treatment. subtype C is responsible majority of global infections. Broadly (bnAbs) capable distinct by targeting conserved vulnerable epitopes on viral envelope protein (Env) are being considered as promising antiviral agents In the present study, we examined genetic signatures attributes that differentiate region-specific gp120...
Understanding the quality of immune repertoire triggered during natural infection can provide vital clues that form basis for development a humoral response in some individuals capable broadly neutralizing pan-SARS-CoV-2 variants. In present study, we report variations neutralization potential against Omicron variants two novel monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), THSC20.HVTR11 and THSC20.HVTR55, isolated from an unvaccinated convalescent individual represent distinct B cell lineage origins epitope...
The HIV Research for Prevention (HIVR4P) conference catalyzes knowledge sharing on biomedical prevention interventions such as vaccines, antibody infusions, pre-exposure prophylaxis, and microbicides in totality-from the molecular details delivery formulations to behavioral, social, structural underpinnings. HIVR4P // Virtual was held over course of 2 weeks January 27-28 February 3-4, 2021 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continued inflict unprecedented harm globally. community...
Background Several studies have shown that detectable levels of HIV are observed in semen spite undetectable viral load blood following antiretroviral therapy (ART). Also, different variants been detected and the same individual, suggesting drugs may not be uniformly effective to control infectivity tissues secretions, which turn affect sexual transmission HIV. Hence, genotypic characterization PBMCs sperm individual provide information about association these with
Abstract Understanding the quality of immune repertoire triggered during natural infection can provide vital clues that form basis for development humoral response in some individuals capable broadly neutralizing pan SARS-CoV-2 variants. We assessed diversity antibody responses developed an unvaccinated individual infected with ancestral by examining ability distinct B cell germline-derived monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) known and currently circulating Omicron variants pseudovirus authentic...
Abstract Accurate and sensitive approaches to detect HIV-1 drug resistance mutations (DRMs) are indispensable for the paradigm of ‘treatment as prevention’. While proviral DNA allows high throughput sequencing (HTS)-based DRM detection, its applicability is limited by presence defective genomes. This study demonstrates application quasispecies reconstruction algorithms (QRAs) improve detection sensitivity from DNA. A robust benchmarking 5 QRAs was performed with 2 distinct experimental...
Although efficacious vaccines have significantly reduced the morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19, there remains an unmet medical need for treatment options, which monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can potentially fill. This is exacerbated by emergence spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants concern (VOCs) that shown some resistance vaccine responses. Here we report isolation two highly potently neutralizing mAbs (THSC20.HVTR04 THSC20.HVTR26) from Indian convalescent donor, neutralize VOCs at picomolar...
Abstract Background . The potential use of the broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (bnAbs) towards prophylaxis and treatment to HIV-1 is currently being explored. While a number promising bnAbs have been discovered few them progressed clinical development, their extent neutralization coverage with respect global variants given existence genetically distinct subtypes recombinants circulating globally not clearly known. In present study, we examined variation in susceptibility...