A5100443112- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Remote Sensing in Agriculture
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
- Hydraulic flow and structures
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
Boston Children's Hospital
2015-2025
Harvard University
2015-2025
Yangtze University
2025
Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science
2013-2025
Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
2017-2024
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs
2021-2024
Tianjin Medical University
2021-2024
Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University
2021-2024
Second People’s Hospital of Yibin
2024
Geisinger Medical Center
2024
A dynamic viral spike Efforts to protect human cells against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have focused on the trimeric (S) protein. Several structures shown a stabilized ectodomain of in its prefusion conformation. Cai et al. now provide insight into structural changes S protein that result fusion and host cell membranes. They purified full-length determined cryo–electron microscopy both postfusion conformations. These add our understanding function could...
The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has made the development of a vaccine top biomedical priority. In this study, we developed series DNA candidates expressing different forms SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein and evaluated them in 35 rhesus macaques. Vaccinated animals humoral cellular immune responses, including neutralizing antibody titers at levels comparable to those found convalescent humans macaques infected...
Tuberculosis remains a leading cause of death worldwide, despite the availability effective chemotherapy and vaccine. Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG), tuberculosis vaccine, is an attenuated mutant Mycobacterium bovis that was isolated after serial subcultures, yet functional basis for this attenuation has never been elucidated. A single region ( RD1 ), which absent in all BCG substrains, deleted from virulent M. strains, resulting Δ mutants were significantly virulence both immunocompromised...
Substitution for aspartic acid (D) by glycine (G) at position 614 in the spike (S) protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) appears to facilitate rapid viral spread. The G614 strain and its recent variants are now dominant circulating forms. Here, we report cryo-electron microscopy structures a full-length S trimer, which adopts three distinct prefusion conformations that differ primarily one receptor-binding domain. A loop disordered D614 trimer wedges between...
The survival and persistence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis depends on its capacity to manipulate multiple host defense pathways, including the ability actively inhibit death by apoptosis infected cells. genetic basis for this anti-apoptotic activity implication mycobacterial virulence have not been demonstrated or elucidated. Using a novel gain-of-function screen, we that inhibition infection-induced macrophages is controlled loci in M. tuberculosis. Characterization one these detail...
Delta’s spike Understanding the molecular mechanisms of increased transmissibility and immune evasion severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants is critical to guiding current future intervention strategies. Zhang et al . determined cryo–electron microscopy structures full-length protein trimers Delta, Kappa, Gamma SARS-CoV-2 studied their function antigenic properties. The Delta fused membranes more efficiently at low levels cellular receptor ACE2, its pseudotyped...
Preclinical studies of viral vector-based HIV-1 vaccine candidates have previously shown partial protection against neutralization-resistant virus challenges in rhesus monkeys. In this study, we evaluated the protective efficacy adenovirus serotype 26 (Ad26) vector priming followed by purified envelope (Env) glycoprotein boosting. Rhesus monkeys primed with Ad26 vectors expressing SIVsmE543 Env, Gag, and Pol boosted AS01B-adjuvanted SIVmac32H Env gp140 demonstrated complete 50% vaccinated...
SARS-CoV-2 from alpha to epsilon As battles contain the COVID-19 pandemic continue, attention is focused on emerging variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus that have been deemed concern because they are resistant antibodies elicited by infection or vaccination increase transmissibility disease severity. Three papers used functional and structural studies explore how mutations in viral spike protein affect its ability infect host cells evade immunity....
HIV-1 envelope spike (Env) is a type I membrane protein that mediates viral entry. We used nuclear magnetic resonance to determine an atomic structure of the transmembrane (TM) domain Env reconstituted in bicelles mimic lipid bilayer. The TM forms well-ordered trimer protects conserved membrane-embedded arginine. An amino-terminal coiled-coil and carboxyl-terminal hydrophilic core stabilize trimer. Individual mutations residues did not disrupt minimally affected fusion infectivity. Major...
Eliciting HIV-1-specific broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) remains a challenge for vaccine development, and the potential of passively delivered bNAbs prophylaxis therapeutics is being explored. We used neutralization data from four large virus panels to comprehensively map viral signatures associated with bNAb sensitivity, including amino acids, hypervariable region characteristics, clade effects across different classes bNAbs. The defined variable loop 2 (V2) epitope HIV-1 Env were...
The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to evade neutralizing antibodies elicited by vaccination or infection. Despite the global spread variant, even among highly vaccinated populations, death rates have not increased concomitantly. These data suggest that immune mechanisms beyond antibody-mediated virus neutralization may protect against severe disease. In addition pathogens, contribute control and clearance infections through Fc effector mechanisms. Here, we probed ability...