ABSTRACT Objectives In our institution, a unique sling technique is performed for urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy. However, in cases of severe or the medium to long term, therapeutic effect may be insufficient. Therefore, urethral that provides stronger compression bulbar urethra was developed, and its effectiveness compared with conventional technique. Methods Seventeen surgery 16 improved were included. The number pads used per day, safety pad rate, International...

Vitamin A metabolites such as all-trans-retinoic acid (all-trans-RA) affect several steps of metabolic processes in vertebrates. In the last few years, studies have shown effect RA on bone formation and metabolism. However, mechanisms its action still remain unclear, especially with respect to regulation cells. Therefore, this study was carried out clarify how regulates activity osteoclasts. Using a pit assay involving unfractionated cells, including osteoclasts obtained from rabbits, we...

There is as yet no convincing evidence that acetazolamide, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, effective in obstructive sleep apnoea. A study was therefore designed to examine the effect of acetazolamide (250 mg/day) on events and ventilatory control during wakefulness nine patients with apnoea syndrome. In eight index total duration were reduced by mean (SEM) all changed from 25.0 (6.7) 18.1 (5.8) episodes an hour. Furthermore, time arterial oxygen desaturation (SaO2)--more than 4% depression...

Chitosanase was produced by the strain of Streptomyces lividans TK24 bearing csn gene from sp. N174, and purified S-Sepharose Bio-Gel A column chromatography. Partially (25-35%) N-acetylated chitosan digested chitosanase, structures products were analysed NMR spectroscopy. The chitosanase heterooligosaccharides consisting D-GlcN GlcNAc in addition to glucosamine oligosaccharides [(GlcN)n, n = 1, 2 3]. reducing- non-reducing-end residues heterooligosaccharide GlcN respectively, indicating...

The purpose of this study was to examine the time-dependent changes in development joint capsule fibrosis and number myofibroblasts after immobilization, using a rat knee contracture model. Both joints were fixed full flexion for 1, 2, 4 weeks (immobilization group). Untreated rats bred each immobilization period (control Histological analysis performed evaluate amount density collagen capsule. type I III mRNA examined by situ hybridization. assessed immunohistochemical methods. In group,...

In this study we investigated the molecular mechanism underlying muscle contracture in rats.The rats were divided into immobilization and control groups, soleus muscles of right left sides selected for analyses.The levels CD11b α-SMA protein, IL-1β, TGF-β1 mRNA, type I III collagen protein mRNA significantly greater group than at all time-points. HIF-1α higher 4 weeks. Moreover, HIF-1α, α-SMA, weeks 1 2 group.In early stages immobilization, upregulation IL-1β/TGF-β1 via macrophages may...

We investigated respiratory reflex responses to tracheal mucosa stimulation induced by injection of distilled water in 13 female patients under three different depths enflurane anesthesia (0.7, 1.0, and 1.3 minimum alveolar concentration). Detailed analysis the types revealed that there are at least six responses: 1) apneic reflex, 2) expiration 3) spasmodic, panting breathing, 4) cough 5) slowing 6) rapid, shallow breathing. Among these responses, was most sensitive followed breathing...

Exercise hyperpnea was compared in 5 asthmatics 25 yr after bilateral carotid body resection (BR), 4 others 19 unilateral (UR), and 12 controls (C) matched for age pulmonary flow limitation. In the BR group, ventilation rose less with exercise, mostly because experienced tachypnea. End-tidal PCO2 5.8 +/- 3.2 (P than 0.05) to 46 Torr at 50 W. UR C same load did not increase PETCO2 significantly (+2.1 +1.4 Torr, respectively). Arterial-end-tidal differences before 15--45 s postexercise were...

ABSTRACT Introduction This study investigated longitudinal changes in muscle extension and collagen expression an immobilized rat soleus muscle, assessed the relationship between both elements. Methods Soleus muscles of control immobilization groups (1, 2, 4, 8, 12 weeks) were used for analysis extensibility expression. Results The slope value/physiological cross‐sectional area (PCSA; a parameter extensibility) hydroxyproline (a expression) significantly higher group than all experimental...

Although electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) of skeletal effectively prevents atrophy, its effect on the breakdown component proteins is unknown. In this study, we investigated biological mechanisms by which EMS-induced contraction inhibits disuse atrophy progression. Experimental animals were divided into a control group and three experimental groups: immobilized (Im; immobilization treatment), low-frequency (LF; treatment exercise), high-frequency (HF; exercise). Following period,...

ABSTRACT Introduction/Aims Immobilization‐induced fibrosis is the primary pathogenesis of muscle contracture, and its trigger myonuclear apoptosis. Tetanic exercise through electrical stimulation may be able to mitigate apoptosis; this could an intervention strategy for fibrosis. In present study, was tested using rat skeletal muscles. Methods Rats were divided into control, immobilization, low‐contraction frequency (LCF), high‐contraction (HCF) groups. The soleus muscles used as specimens....

The ventilatory and cardiac responses to voluntary passive exercise were studied in 20 healthy subjects. These leg also 23 patients with spinal cord transection at the level of T5-T12. In normal subjects, minute ventilation (VE) increased abruptly from first breath after onset two types exercise. contrast, output (Q) gradually exercise, exhibiting significant augmentation fifth breath. Q changed insignificantly transection, neither VE nor results suggest that mild are related drives moving...

A class IV chitinase belonging to the glycoside hydrolase 19 family from Nepenthes alata (NaCHIT1) was expressed in Escherichia coli. The enzyme exhibited weak activity toward polymeric substrates and significant (GlcNAc)n [β-1,4-linked oligosaccharide of GlcNAc with a polymerization degree n (n = 4–6)]. hydrolyzed third fourth glycosidic linkages non-reducing end (GlcNAc)6. pH optimum enzymatic reaction 5.5 at 37°C. optimal temperature for 60°C 50 mM sodium acetate buffer (pH 5.5). anomeric...

We investigated the effects of cyclic muscle twitch contraction caused by neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on immobilization-induced contracture and fibrosis in rats. Twenty-nine rats were divided into control, immobilization, immobilization with groups. The ankle joints fixed full plantar flexion a plaster cast for 4 weeks. In group, soleus was induced using commercial device (1 Hz, ± 2 mA, 60 min/day, 5 times/week) joint immobilized. dorsiflexion range motion group significantly...

HLA‐DR2 frequencies were investigated in Japanese patients with narcolepsy as defined by various diagnostic criteria. The DR2 frequency was 100% when our criteria for employed. use of other that lacked cataplexy an obiigatory symptom, however, reduced the and led to apparent “discovery” DR2‐negative cases “narcolepsy”. This observation indicates necessity precise research on HLA‐narcolepsy association.

Purpose Macrophage accumulation in response to decreasing myonuclei may be the major mechanism underlying immobilization-induced muscle fibrosis contracture, an intervention strategy suppressing these lesions is necessary. Therefore, this research investigated effect of belt electrode-skeletal electrical stimulation (B-SES), a new device, macrophage via decrease fibrosis. Materials and methods 18 Wistar male rats were divided into control group, immobilization group (with plaster cast...

To clarify the heart rate (HR) slowing response during periodic breathing (PB) with apnea and its relationship to hypoxic ventilatory (HVR), sleep studies were done in seven Japanese climbers at 5,360 m Kunlun mountains of China 1986. Apnea duration (APD), arterial oxygen saturation changes (ΔSaO2), percentage (ΔHR%) PB analyzed. The data compared responses assessed sea level. HR apneic period (APD, 10, 8 ± 1.2 s; ΔSaO2, 10.2 1.8%) was significantly smaller than that (56.0 5.1/min 74.6...

To assess the influence of immobilization upon vitamin D status and bone mass in chronically hospitalized, disabled, elderly patients following stroke.cross-sectional study.Department geriatric neurology a Japanese hospital.129 stroke 28 age-matched controls.We observed deficiency both 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin (1,25-[OH]2D; 24.3 pg/ml) 25-hydroxyvitamin concentrations (25-OHD; 11.7 ng/ml) compared with controls. A high serum ionized calcium (mean; 2.648 mEq/l) was an independent determinant...