Incubation of ex vivo cultured mature B cells in the presence nitric oxide or oxide-donor substances delays programmed cell death as determined by appearance DNA laddering agarose gel electrophoresis flow-cytometry analysis DNA. Nitric also rescues from antigen-induced apoptosis but fails to provide a co-stimulatory signal that converts elicited antigen into proliferative response. The protective effects against can be reproduced treatment with permeant analogues cyclic GMP. Regarding...

The induction of hepatic nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and the biosynthesis (NO) were studied in liver after partial hepatectomy (PH). NOS activity remnant was observed 4 to 6 hours PH, no differences evidenced between proximal distal surgical areas. form expressed independent calcium calmodulin, messenger RNA levels first detected 2 using a probe corresponding cytokine-induced macrophase NOS. seric concentration nitrites remained unchanged hepatectomy, whereas content nitrates S-nitrosylated...

Thyroid hormones play critical roles in differentiation, growth and metabolism, but their participation immune system regulation has not been completely elucidated. Modulation of vivo thyroid status was used to carry out an integrative analysis the role hypothalamus–pituitary–thyroid (HPT) axis T B lymphocyte activity. The protein kinase C (PKC) signaling pathway release some cytokines upon antigenic stimulation were analyzed. Lymphocytes from hyperthyroid mice displayed higher T-and B-cell...

The incubation of primary cultures rat hepatocytes with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or biologically active phorbol esters promotes the release nitric oxide to medium. This process is result induction Ca(2+)-and calmodulin-independent form synthase. Both medium and expression synthase activity exhibited a lag period about 45-60 min after cell stimulation. Exposure both stimuli produced an antagonistic effect on release, half-maximal inhibition obtained 14 nM 12,13-dibutyrate at saturating...

Incubation of peritoneal macrophages with β‐phorbol 12,13‐dibutyrate promotes a time‐dependent release NO to the incubation medium. This effect was antagonized by LPS, well known inducer nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression in macrophages, and inhibited N G ‐methyl‐ l ‐arginine ω ‐nitro‐ ‐arginine. An increase intracellular cGMP NOS activity observed parallel release. The induction accompanied stimulation arginine influx within cell. These results suggest that activation protein kinase C...

It has previously been shown that alcohol can suppress reproduction in humans, monkeys, and small rodents by inhibiting release of luteinizing hormone (LH). The principal action is via suppression the LH-releasing (LHRH) both vivo vitro. present experiments were designed to determine mechanism which inhibits LHRH release. Previous research indicated controlled nitric oxide (NO). proposed pathway norepinephrine-induced NO from NOergic neurons, then activates In experiments, we further...

Long-term exposure to stressful situations can affect the immune system. The T-cell response is an important component of anti-tumoral immunity. Hence, impairment function induced by a chronic stressor has been postulated alter immunosurveillance tumors, thus leading worse neoplastic prognosis. Here, we show that restraint stress affects mediated immunity in mice. This was evidenced decrease mitogen-induced proliferation, reduction CD4(+)T lymphocyte number and tumor necrosis factor-alpha...

Summary Diabetes is widely believed to predispose serious infections. However, the mechanisms linking diabetes and immunosuppression are not well defined. One potential mediator of altered defence hyperglycaemia. It has been identified as main factor contributing development diseases associated with mellitus. In this study we analyse immune response in direct effect hyperglycaemia on T B lymphocyte reactivity. induced an early decrease IgG levels secondary response. both primary responses...

The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis includes the assignment a critical role to cells monocyte/macrophage lineage and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Niacin is known improve lipid metabolism produce beneficial modification cardiovascular risk factors. aim this work was investigate if able modulate cytokine production in macrophages murine model atherosclerosis. For purpose C57Bl/6J mice fed with atherogenic diet (AGD) or conventional chow were used. AGD group showed an increase body weight total...

Clinical data and experimental studies have suggested a relationship between psychosocial factors cancer prognosis. Both, stress effects on the immune system tumor biology were analyzed independently. However, there are few regarding influence interplay biology. Moreover, antidepressants been used in patients with to alleviate mood disorders. Nevertheless, is contradictory evidence about their action In this context, we investigated effect of chronic progression taking into account both its...

Release of luteinizing hormone (LH)-releasing (LHRH), the hypothalamic peptide that controls release LH from adenohypophysis, is controlled by NO. There a rich plexus nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-containing neurons and fibers in lateral median eminence, intermingled with terminals LHRH neurons. To study relations between NOS this brain region, we measured activity incubated medial basal hypothalamus (MBH). converts [14C]arginine to equimolar quantities [14C]citrulline plus NO, which rapidly...

Nitric oxide (NO) has been involved in many pathophysiological brain processes. However, the exact role of NO cognitive deficit associated to chronic stress exposure not elucidated. In this study, we investigated participation hippocampal production and their regulation by protein kinase C (PKC) memory impairment induced mice subjected mild model (CMS). CMS showed a poor learning performance both open field passive avoidance inhibitory task respect control mice. Histological studies...

1 In this paper we have determined the different signalling pathways involved in muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR)-dependent inhibition of contractility rat isolated atria. 2 Carbachol stimulation M2 AChRs exerts a negative inotropic response, activation phosphoinositide turnover, nitric oxide synthase and increased production cyclic GMP. 3 Inhibitors phospholipase C, protein kinase calcium/calmodulin, guanylate cyclase, shifted dose-response curve carbachol on to right. These...