A5062884017- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- ATP Synthase and ATPases Research
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Click Chemistry and Applications
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Biomedical and Engineering Education
- Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
- Protein Degradation and Inhibitors
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
Duke-NUS Medical School
2016-2023
National University of Singapore
2019-2021
Anna University, Chennai
2014
Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute
2008
University of California, San Diego
2008
University of California, Santa Barbara
2008
During the SARS epidemic in 2003/2004, a number of deletions were observed ORF8 SARS-CoV, and eventually deletion variants became predominant, leading to hypothesis that was an evolutionary hot spot for adaptation SARS-CoV humans. However, due successful control epidemic, importance these epidemiological fitness humans could not be established. The emergence multiple SARS-CoV-2 strains with deletions, combined evidence robust immune response ORF8, suggests lack may assist host evasion. In...
The in vivo fate of nanomaterials strongly determines their biomedical efficacy. Accordingly, much effort has been invested into the development library screening methods to select targeting ligands for a diversity sites vivo. Still, broad application chemical and biological screens requires ligand attachment chemistries that are generalizable, efficient, covalent, orthogonal diverse biochemical libraries, applicable under aqueous conditions, stable environments. To date, copper(I)-catalyzed...
Influenza B viruses have circulated in humans for over 80 y, causing a significant disease burden. Two antigenically distinct lineages ("B/Victoria/2/87-like" and "B/Yamagata/16/88-like," termed Victoria Yamagata) emerged the 1970s cocirculated since 2001. Since 2015 both shown unusually high levels of epidemic activity, reasons which are unclear. By analyzing 12,000 influenza virus genomes, we describe processes enabling long-term success recent resurgence epidemics due to virus. We show...
To date, the SARS-CoV-2 genome has been considered genetically more stable than SARS-CoV or MERS-CoV. Here we report a 382-nt deletion covering almost entire open reading frame 8 (ORF8) of obtained from eight hospitalized patients in Singapore. The also removes ORF8 transcription-regulatory sequence (TRS), which turn enhances downstream transcription N gene. We found that viruses with have circulating for at least four weeks. During outbreak 2003, number genetic variants were observed human...
Bats are unique mammals, exhibit distinctive life history traits and have immunological approaches to suppression of viral diseases upon infection. High-throughput next-generation sequencing has been used in characterizing the virome different bat species. The cave nectar bat, Eonycteris spelaea, a broad geographical range across Southeast Asia, India southern China, however, little is known about their involvement virus transmission. Here we investigate diversity abundance communities from...
Coronaviruses are a diverse group of viruses that infect mammals and birds. Bats reservoirs for several different coronaviruses in the Alphacoronavirus Betacoronavirus genera. They also appear to be natural reservoir ancestral generated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Middle East outbreaks. Here, we detected sequences next-generation sequence data created from Eonycteris spelaea faeces urine. We screened by PCR urine samples, faecal samples rectal swabs collected six species...
A number of serious human adenovirus (HAdV) outbreaks have been recently reported: HAdV-B7 (Israel, Singapore, and USA), HAdV-B7d (USA China), HAdV-D8, -D54, -C2 (Japan), HAdV-B14p1 (USA, Europe, HAdV-B55 (China, France).To understand the epidemiology HAdV infections in we studied 533 HAdV-positive clinical samples collected from 396 pediatric 137 adult patients Singapore 2012 to 2018. Genome sequencing phylogenetic analyses were performed identify genotypes, clonal clusters, recombinant or...
The highly pathogenic (HPAI) avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses have undergone reassortment with multiple non-N1-subtype neuraminidase genes since 2008, leading to the emergence of H5Nx viruses. established themselves quickly in birds and disseminated from China Africa, Middle East, Europe North America. Multiple genetic clades successively evolved through frequent mutations reassortment, posing a continuous threat domestic poultry causing substantial economic losses. Live bird markets are...
Bats are the reservoir for numerous human pathogens, including coronaviruses. Despite many coronaviruses having descended from bat ancestors, little is known about virus-host interactions and broader evolutionary history involving bats. Studies have largely focused on zoonotic potential of with few infection experiments conducted in cells. To determine genetic changes derived replication cells possibly identify novel pathways virus emergence, we serially passaged six 229E isolates a newly...
Routine surveillance and in response to influenza virus outbreaks avian species Vietnam 2009–2013 resulted the isolation of numerous H5N1 viruses clades 1.1.2, 2.3.2.1a, 2.3.2.1b, 2.3.2.1c, 2.3.4.1. Consistent with other studies, we found that clade 2.3.2.1c were dominant 2013 circulated northern, central, southern parts country. Phylogenetic analysis revealed reassortment among 2.3.2.1c; contrast, no was detected between 2.3.2.1 1.1.2 or 2.3.4.1, respectively. Deep-sequencing 42 53 isolated...
Abstract The first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Cambodia was confirmed on 27 January 2020 a traveller from Wuhan. subsequently implemented strict travel restrictions, and although intermittent cases were reported during the year COVID-19 pandemic, no apparent widespread community transmission detected. Investigating routes severe acute respiratory 2 (SARS-CoV-2) introduction into country critical for evaluating implementation public health interventions assessing...
Here we summarize an April 2016, 7-patient cluster of human adenovirus (HAdV) infections in a cardiothoracic surgery intensive care unit. We show that the patients were infected with single HAdV21b type. Rapid HAdV typing diagnostics and effective antiviral interventions are needed for immunocompromised suffering from infections.
Diverse paramyxoviruses have coevolved with their bat hosts, including fruit bats such as flying foxes (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae). Several of these viruses are zoonotic, but the diversity and distribution Paramyxoviridae poorly understood. We screened pooled feces samples from three Pteropus vampyrus colonies assayed tissues, rectal swabs, oral swabs 95 individuals 23 pteropodid species sampled at 17 sites across Indonesian archipelago a conventional paramyxovirus PCR; all tested negative....
Abstract Bats are the reservoir for numerous human pathogens including coronaviruses. The factors leading to emergence and sustained transmission of coronaviruses in humans poorly understood. An outstanding question is how can accomplish a host switch with likely mismatch between surface protein spike bat virus cellular receptor at time zoonotic transmission. To identify potential novel evolutionary pathways emergence, we serially passaged six 229E isolates newly established Rhinolophus...
Abstract The emergence of a pandemic influenza virus may be better anticipated if we understand the evolutionary steps taken by avian viruses as they adapt to mammals. We used ancestral sequence reconstruction resurrect representing initial adaptive stages European avian-like H1N1 it transitioned from swine hosts. demonstrate that efficient transmissibility in pigs was gained through stepwise adaptation after 1983. These time-dependent adaptations resulted changes hemagglutinin receptor...