A5082394788- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- interferon and immune responses
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Research in Cotton Cultivation
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- PARP inhibition in cancer therapy
- History of Medicine Studies
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
Harbin Veterinary Research Institute
2007-2024
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
2007-2024
University of Wisconsin–Madison
2013-2023
The University of Tokyo
2017-2018
Scripps Research Institute
2017-2018
National Institute Of Hygiene And Epidemiology
2018
Chubu University
2018
National Institute of Infectious Diseases
2017
University of Auckland
2017
Japan Racing Association
2017
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes the infectious disease COVID-19 (coronavirus 2019), which was first reported in Wuhan, China, December 2019. Despite extensive efforts to control disease, has now spread more than 100 countries and caused a global pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 is thought have originated bats; however, intermediate animal sources of virus are unknown. In this study, we investigated susceptibility ferrets animals close contact with humans SARS-CoV-2....
Highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza A viruses occasionally infect humans, but currently do not transmit efficiently among humans. The viral haemagglutinin (HA) protein is a known host-range determinant as it mediates virus binding to host-specific cellular receptors. Here we assess the molecular changes in HA that would allow possessing subtype H5 be transmissible mammals. We identified reassortant HA/H1N1 virus-comprising (from an virus) with four mutations and remaining seven gene...
Abstract The unprecedented coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic has created a worldwide public health emergency, and there is an urgent need to develop effective vaccine control this severe infectious disease. Here, we find that single vaccination with replication-defective human type 5 adenovirus encoding the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (Ad5-nCoV) protect mice completely against mouse-adapted infection in upper lower respiratory tracts. Additionally, Ad5-nCoV protects ferrets from...
The spike (S) protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an important target for vaccine and drug development. However, the rapid emergence variant strains with mutated S proteins has rendered many treatments ineffective. Cleavage by host proteases essential viral infection. Here, we discovered that contains two previously unidentified Cathepsin L (CTSL) cleavage sites (CS-1 CS-2). Both are highly conserved among all known SARS-CoV-2 variants. Our structural...
The 3C-like protease (3CLpro) is an essential enzyme for the replication of SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses thus a target coronavirus drug discovery. Nearly all inhibitors 3CLpro reported so far are covalent inhibitors. Here, we report development specific, noncovalent 3CLpro. most potent one, WU-04, effectively blocks replications in human cells with EC50 values 10-nM range. WU-04 also inhibits SARS-CoV MERS-CoV high potency, indicating that it pan-inhibitor showed anti-SARS-CoV-2...
Despite substantial efforts to control H5N1 avian influenza viruses (AIVs), the have continued evolve and cause disease outbreaks in poultry infections humans. In this report, we analyzed 51 representative AIVs isolated from domestic poultry, wild birds, humans China during 2004 2009, 21 genotypes were detected based on whole-genome sequences. Twelve of southern bear similar H5 hemagglutinin (HA) genes (clade 2.3). These did not display antigenic drift could be completely protected against...
ABSTRACT In 2001 and 2003, we isolated two H5N1 viruses, A/swine/Fujian/1/01 (SW/FJ/01) A/swine/Fujian/1/03 (SW/FJ/03), from pigs in Fujian Province, southern China. Genetically, these viruses are similar, although the NS gene of SW/FJ/03 virus has a 15-nucleotide deletion at coding positions 612 to 626. The SW/FJ/01 is highly lethal for chickens, whereas nonpathogenic chickens when administrated intravenously or intranasally. To understand molecular basis difference virulence, used reverse...
Ubiquitin-like protein ISG15, which is robustly induced by IFN or virus, implicated to inhibit influenza A virus (IAV) in vivo. But the underlying mechanism still remains largely unknown. In this study, we report that Herc5 could catalyze conjugation of ISG15 onto IAV-NS1 protein, critical virulence factor IAV. This modification produces two more species, respectively mapped at lysine 20, 41, 217, 219, and 108, 110, 126. The ISGylated fails form homodimers inhibits relevant antiviral...
Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes the infectious disease COVID-19, which was first reported in Wuhan, China December, 2019. Despite tremendous efforts to control disease, COVID-19 has now spread over 100 countries and caused a global pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 is thought have originated bats; however, intermediate animal sources of virus are completely unknown. Here, we investigated susceptibility ferrets animals close contact with humans SARS-CoV-2. We...
Minks are raised in many countries and have transmitted severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to humans. However, the biologic properties of SARS-CoV-2 minks largely unknown. Here, we investigated found that replicates efficiently both upper lower tracts, transmits via droplets; pulmonary lesions caused by similar those seen humans with COVID-19. We further a spike protein-based subunit vaccine prevented replication lung damage infection minks. Our study indicates...
Abstract SARS-CoV-2 and filovirus enter cells via the cell surface angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) or late-endosome Niemann-Pick C1 (NPC1) as a receptor. Here, we screened 974 natural compounds identified Tubeimosides I, II, III pan-coronavirus entry inhibitors that target NPC1. Using in-silico, biochemical, genomic approaches, provide evidence NPC1 also binds spike (S) protein on receptor-binding domain (RBD), which is blocked by Tubeimosides. Importantly, strongly promotes...
ABSTRACT Two ferret-adapted H5N1 viruses capable of respiratory droplet transmission have been reported with mutations in the hemagglutinin receptor-binding site and stalk domains. Glycan microarray analysis reveals that both exhibit a strong shift toward binding to “human-type” α2-6 sialosides but notable differences fine specificity. Crystal structure further shows mutation causes no obvious perturbation pocket, consistent its impact on stability without affecting receptor
Abstract Outbreaks of coronaviruses (CoVs), especially severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), have posed serious threats to humans and animals, which urgently calls for effective broad‐spectrum antivirals. RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) plays an essential role in viral synthesis is ideal pan‐coronaviral therapeutic target. Herein, based on cryo‐electron microscopy biochemical approaches, gossypol (GOS) identified from 881 natural products directly block SARS‐CoV‐2...
The continued spread of highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza viruses among poultry and wild birds, together with the emergence drug-resistant variants possibility human-to-human transmission, has spurred attempts to develop an effective vaccine. Inactivated subvirion or whole-virion vaccines have shown promising immunogenicity in clinical trials, but their ability elicit protective immunity unprimed human populations remains unknown. A cold-adapted, live attenuated vaccine hemagglutinin (HA)...
During December 2016-February 2017, influenza A viruses of the H7N2 subtype infected ≈500 cats in animal shelters New York, NY, USA, indicating virus transmission among cats. veterinarian who treated animals also became with feline A(H7N2) and experienced respiratory symptoms. To understand pathogenicity transmissibility these mammals, we characterized them vitro vivo. Feline replicated organs mice, ferrets, without causing severe lesions. Direct contact was detected ferrets cats; cats,...
The continual emergence of novel influenza A strains from non-human hosts requires constant vigilance and the need for ongoing research to identify that may pose a human public health risk. Since 1999, canine H3 viruses (CIVs) have caused many thousands or millions respiratory infections in dogs United States. While no with CIVs been reported date, these could zoonotic In studies, National Institutes Allergy Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Centers Excellence Influenza Research Surveillance...
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) uses angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) as a binding receptor to enter cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME). However, receptors involved in other steps of SARS-CoV-2 infection remain largely unknown. Here, we found that metabotropic glutamate subtype (mGluR2) is an internalization factor for SARS-CoV-2. Our results show mGluR2 directly interacts with the spike protein and knockdown decreases but not cell binding....
The continuous emergence of severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants and the increasing number breakthrough infection cases among vaccinated people support urgent need for research development antiviral drugs. Viral entry is an intriguing target drug development. We found that diltiazem, a blocker L-type calcium channel Cav1.2 pore-forming subunit (Cav1.2 α1c) FDA-approved drug, inhibits binding internalization SARS-CoV-2, decreases SARS-CoV-2 in cells mouse lung. α1c...
ABSTRACT The 1918-1919 influenza pandemic remains the single greatest infectious disease outbreak in past century. Mouse and nonhuman primate infection models have shown that 1918 virus induces overly aggressive innate proinflammatory responses. To understand response to viral role of individual genes on host virus, we examined reassortant avian viruses nearly identical (1918-like virus) carrying either hemagglutinin (HA) or PB2 gene. In mice, both enhanced 1918-like replication, but only...