A5070761378- Spinal Cord Injury Research
- Nerve injury and regeneration
- Muscle activation and electromyography studies
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Zebrafish Biomedical Research Applications
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Motor Control and Adaptation
- Enterobacteriaceae and Cronobacter Research
- Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Vestibular and auditory disorders
- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
RIKEN Center for Brain Science
2024-2025
VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research
2019-2024
Neuroelectronics Research Flanders
2018-2024
IMEC
2021-2024
Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie
2019-2021
University of Basel
2014-2016
Friedrich Miescher Institute
2014-2016
KU Leuven
2015
University of California, Los Angeles
2009-2011
Tokushima University
1984-2000
Highlights•Proprioceptive feedback below the lesion drives spontaneous locomotor recovery•Maintaining motor function regained after injury requires proprioceptive feedback•Descending circuit reorganization injury•Proprioceptive afferents undergo activity-dependent local connectivity changesSummarySomatosensory from (PAs) is essential for recovery spinal cord injury. To determine where or when proprioception required injury, we established an intersectional genetic model PA ablation with...
Abstract Severe spinal cord injury in adults leads to irreversible paralysis below the lesion. However, adult rodents that received a complete thoracic lesion just after birth demonstrate proficient hindlimb locomotion without input from brain. How achieves such striking plasticity remains unknown. In this study, we found prompts neurotransmitter switching of spatially defined excitatory interneurons an inhibitory phenotype, promoting inhibition at synapses contacting motor neurons....
Numerous treatment strategies for spinal cord injury seek to maximize recovery of function and two that show substantial promise are olfactory bulb-derived ensheathing glia (OEG) transplantation treadmill step training. In this study we re-examined the issue effectiveness OEG implantation but used objective, quantitative measures motor performance test if there is a complementary effect long-term training implantation. We studied complete mid-thoracic transected adult female rats compared...
Extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition after central nervous system (CNS) injury leads to inhibitory scarring in humans and other mammals, whereas it facilitates axon regeneration the zebrafish. However, molecular basis of these different fates is not understood. Here, we identify small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) as a contributing factor failure mammals. We demonstrate that SLRPs chondroadherin, fibromodulin, lumican, prolargin are enriched rodent human but zebrafish CNS lesions....
Reports based primarily on anatomical evidence suggest that olfactory ensheathing glia (OEG) transplantation promotes axon regeneration across a complete spinal cord transection in adult rats. Based functional, electrophysiological, and assessments, we found OEG promoted this altered motor responses over time. At 7 months after transection, 70% of OEG-treated rats showed motor-evoked potentials hindlimb muscles transcranial electric stimulation. Furthermore, retransection performed 8 injury...
Spinal circuits are central to movement adaptation, yet the mechanisms within spinal cord responsible for acquiring and retaining behavior upon experience remain unclear. Using a simple conditioning paradigm, we found that dorsal inhibitory neurons indispensable adapting protective limb-withdrawal by regulating transmission of specific set somatosensory information enhance saliency cues associated with limb position. By contrast, maintaining previously acquired motor adaptation required...
Summary The Slayer of Clostridium difficile GAI 0714 was shown to be composed two proteins, 32 kDa and 45 kDa, as determined by SDS-PAGE. proteins were extracted with 8 M-urea (pH 8·3) from a cell wall preparation purified DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B chromatography followed HPLC gel filtration. When solubilized in 0·1 M-urea, both appeared exhibit dimeric forms, respective molecular masses about 61 99 upon HPLC. Although the amino acid compositions differed each other, had high content acidic...
Highlights•TBI is associated with complex, time-dependent patterns of RTK activation•Met activated in microglia upon TBI, and Met inhibition decreases reaction•Blockade reduces acute sub-acute motor impairment due to TBI•The inhibitor synaptic neuronal loss after TBISummaryThe complexity signaling events cellular responses unfolding neuronal, glial, immune cells traumatic brain injury (TBI) constitutes an obstacle elucidating pathophysiological links targets for intervention. We use array...
Abstract The cerebral cortex relies on vastly different types of inhibitory neurons to compute. How this diversity emerges during development remains an open question. rarity individual neuron often leads their underrepresentation in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) datasets, limiting insights into developmental trajectories. To address problem, we developed a computational pipeline enrich and integrate rare cell across multiple datasets. Applying approach somatostatin-expressing (SST+)...
The presence of a regular array (RA) was demonstrated on the outer layer cell wall in Clostridium difficile GAI0714 by electron microscopy. RA composed squarely arranged subunits with center-to-center spacing about 8.2 nm. carrying isolated from fragments early log-phase cells autolysis. two main proteins apparent Mrs 45 000 and 32 upon sodiumdodecylsul-fate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE). Similar RAs were also present walls other 9 strains C. difficile. These divided into...
Spinal cord injury studies use the presence of serotonin (5-HT)-immunoreactive axons caudal to site as evidence axonal regeneration. As olfactory ensheathing glia (OEG) transplantation improves hindlimb locomotion in adult rats with complete spinal transection, we hypothesized that more 5-HT-positive would be found stump OEG- than media-injected rats. Previously 5-HT-immunolabeled spanned transection only OEG-injected but detected labeled just lesion both media- and Now report many...
gamma-Tubulin is a member of the tubulin superfamily and plays essential roles in microtubule nucleation. While level other tubulins, alpha- beta-tubulin, strictly regulated higher eukaryotes overexpression beta-tubulin toxic yeasts, gamma-tubulin can be overexpressed by fivefold fission yeast without any obvious defect growth. Extreme mammalian cells caused growth arrest; however, exact critical necessary for were undetermined. We have constructed strains that over- or underexpress placing...
A wall surface protein, designated antigen S, was extracted from Clostridium botulinum type strain 190L with 0.1% Brij 58-2 M LiCl and purified sequentially by acetone pecipitation, ion-exchange chromatography, hydroxyapatite chromatofocusing, gel filtration. Crossed immunoelectrophoresis of the S preparation against homologous multispecific antiserum to whole cells revealed only a single precipitin line. Antigen had an apparent molecular weight about 195,000, as determined sodium dodecyl...
Abstract A wall‐surface protein antigen, designated 32K was extracted from whole cells of Clostridium difficile strain ATCC 11011 with phosphate buffered saline and purified by ion‐exchange chromatography, gel filtration, chromatofocusing. The antigen preparation determined to be highly homogeneous sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide electrophoresis. amino acid composition the characteristic in predominance acidic acids, very low contents methionine histidine, lack cysteine. monomeric...
S layer protein of Clostridium tetani strain AO 174, a nontoxigenic derivative Harvard A 47, was prepared from the cell walls by 4 M urea extraction and purified DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B chromatography followed combination anion-exchange reverse-phase using an HPLC system. The molecular weight estimated to be 140 kilodaltons (kDa) SDS-PAGE. amino acid composition kDa very similar those proteins other bacterial species: it rich in acidic lacked cysteine. Also, unique its extremely low content...
Summary Neurocircuits within the spinal cord are essential for movement automaticity. However, mechanisms that underlie lasting sensorimotor adjustments remain unclear. Here, we establish a quantitative kinematic framework to characterize conditioning behavior in which circuits without brain input learn adapt motor output upon multimodal sensory integration, undergo extinction, and reinforcement of learned with repetitive training. In-vivo Neuropixel recordings from awake behaving mice...
Bacteriophage alpha 2, one of the two inducible phages from Clostridium botulinum type A 190L, had a latent period 55 min and an average burst size 75 in C. Hall used as host bacterium. The phage particles were adsorbed on cell walls extracted with hot trichloroacetic acid (TCA-walls). receptor substance for was solubilized TCA-walls Achromopeptidase fractionated by gel filtration Sephadex G-150. fraction having highest level activity contained large amounts muramic glucosamine. Both...