A5083509292- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Identity, Memory, and Therapy
- Memory Processes and Influences
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Face Recognition and Perception
- Child Abuse and Trauma
- Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Neuroscience, Education and Cognitive Function
- Medical Practices and Rehabilitation
- Beetle Biology and Toxicology Studies
- Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health
- Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Parkinson's Disease and Spinal Disorders
University of Amsterdam
2013-2025
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
2024
Ernst Strüngmann Institute for Neuroscience
2021
MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit
2016-2018
Medical Research Council
2016-2018
University of Cambridge
2018
London School of Economics and Political Science
2017
Karolinska Institutet
2017
Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust
2017
Neuroimaging studies of cognitive control have identified two distinct networks with dissociable resting state connectivity patterns. This study, in patients heterogeneous damage to these networks, demonstrates network independence through a double dissociation lesion location on different measures integrity: functional correlations among nodes and within-node graph theory properties. The degree correlates decrease within that while sparing the nonlesioned network. Graph properties intact...
Memories that have strong emotions associated with them are particularly resilient to forgetting. This is not necessarily problematic, however some aspects of memory can be. In particular, the involuntary expression those memories, e.g. intrusive memories after trauma, core certain psychological disorders. Since beginning this century, research using animal models shows it possible change underlying memory, for example by interfering its consolidation or reconsolidation. While idea targeting...
Abstract Memory reconsolidation interventions offer an exciting alternative to exposure treatment because they may target fear memories directly, thereby preventing relapse. A previous intervention for spider abruptly reduced avoidance behaviour, whereas changes in self-reported followed later. In this pre-registered placebo-controlled study, we first aimed conceptually replicate these effects phobia. Second, investigated whether re-encountering the phobic cue after is necessary occur....
To provide insight into individual differences in fear learning, we examined the emotional and cognitive expressions of discriminative conditioning direct relation to its neural substrates. Contrary previous behavioral-neural (fMRI) research on learning--in which expression was generally indexed by skin conductance--we used fear-potentiated startle, a more reliable specific index fear. While obtained concurrent neuroimaging (fMRI), US-expectancy data, healthy participants underwent...
Most of our knowledge about human emotional memory comes from animal research. Based on this work, the amygdala is often labeled brain's “fear center”, but it unclear to what degree neural circuitries underlying fear and extinction learning are conserved across species. Neuroimaging studies in humans yield conflicting findings, with many failing show activation response learned threat. Such null findings treated as resulting MRI-specific problems related measuring deep brain structures. Here...
The number of refugees is the highest ever worldwide. Many have experienced trauma in home countries or on their escape which has mental health sequelae. Intrusive memories comprise distressing scenes spring to mind unbidden. Development novel scalable psychological interventions needed urgently.We propose that brief cognitive science-driven should be developed pinpoint a focal symptom alongside means monitor it using behavioural techniques. aim current study was assess feasibility and...
Associative learning is a dynamic process that allows us to incorporate new knowledge within existing semantic networks. Even after years, seemingly stable association can be altered by single significant experience. Here, we investigate whether the acquisition of associations affects neural representation stimuli and how brain categorizes according preexisting emerging associations. Functional MRI data were collected during differential fear conditioning procedure at test (4-5 weeks later)....
Abstract Single‐trial analysis is particularly useful for assessing cognitive processes that are intrinsically dynamic, such as learning. Studying these with fMRI problematic, the low signal‐to‐noise ratio of requires averaging over multiple trials, obscuring trial‐by‐trial changes in neural activation. The superior sensitivity multivoxel pattern univariate analyses has opened up new possibilities single‐trial analysis, but this may require different designs. Here, we measured and pupil...
Specific phobia (SPH) is a prevalent anxiety disorder and may involve advanced biological aging. However, brain age research in psychiatry has primarily examined mood psychotic disorders. This mega-analysis investigated aging SPH participants within the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group. 3D s tructural MRI scans from 17 international samples (600 individuals, of whom 504 formally diagnosed 96 questionnaire-based cases; 1,134 controls; range: 22-75 years) were processed with FreeSurfer. Brain was...
Even though human fear-conditioning involves affective learning as well expectancy learning, most studies assess only one of the two distinct processes. Commonly used read-outs associative fear are fear-potentiated startle reflex (FPS), pupil dilation and US-expectancy ratings. FPS is thought to reflect aspect while reflects a general arousal response. However, in order measure FPS, aversively loud acoustic probes presented during conditioning, which might itself exert an effect on learning....
A core symptom of anxiety disorders is the tendency to interpret ambiguous information as threatening. Using EEG and BOLD-MRI, several studies have begun elucidate brain processes involved in fear-related perceptual biases, but thus far mainly found evidence for general hypervigilance high fearful individuals. Recently, multi-voxel pattern analysis (MVPA) has become popular decoding cognitive states from distributed patterns neural activation. Here, we used this technique assess whether...
This ECNP meeting was designed to build bridges between different constituencies of mental illness treatment researchers from a range backgrounds with specific focus on enhancing the development novel, evidence based, psychological treatments. In particular we wished explore potential for basic neuroscience support more effective treatments, just as this approach is starting illuminate actions drugs. To fulfil aim, selection clinical psychologists, psychiatrists and neuroscientists were...
While neuroimaging has provided insights into the formation of episodic memories in relation to voluntary memory recall, less is known about neural mechanisms that cause occur involuntarily, for example, as intrusive trauma. Here, we investigated brain activity shortly after viewing distressing events a function whether those later intruded involuntarily. The postencoding period particularly important because it when clinical interventions could be applied. A total 32 healthy volunteers...
Ecological momentary assessment is a popular method for monitoring symptoms in real-time. Especially fleeting experiences, such as intrusions, real-time assessments may be more accurate than retrospective estimates. However, there are concerns regarding reactivity effects associated with and, conversely, the reliance on bias-prone clinical science and practice. In this study we used between-groups design to examine whether intrusion influence reports (aim 1). Then, investigated...
Abstract Pharmacologically disrupting fear memory reconsolidation dramatically reduces behaviour. For example, 2–3 min of tarantula exposure followed by 40 mg propranolol HCl (i.e., a intervention) abruptly decreased spider avoidance, an effect that persisted one year later. However, the success interventions is not guaranteed: Pavlovian fear-conditioning research shows window to target small and easy miss. If too long trigger reconsolidation, but short for extinction learning, inactive...
Clinical psychology finds itself with a paradox: On the one hand, there is abundant empirical evidence showing that aversive experiences increase risk for psychopathology. In fact, learning and memory framework forms foundation of numerous psychological theories treatments. For example, various CBT approaches aim to target maladaptive emotional memories (e.g., schemas or cognitions) are deemed lie at core mental health conditions. other new approach - network theory gaining ground, which...
A myriad of clinical theories places emotional memory or mental representations at the root disorders. Various cognitive-behavioural interventions are based on assumption that targeting underlying is working mechanism treatment efficacy. To test assumptions about role in development, maintenance, and disorders, we first need to establish ecologically valid paradigms can induce lab. For this, used Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), a standardized protocol elicit social distress, paired with...