A5021150359- Leptospirosis research and findings
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases
- Tailings Management and Properties
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Humic Substances and Bio-Organic Studies
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Palliative and Oncologic Care
- Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Food, Nutrition, and Cultural Practices
- Plant responses to water stress
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Bartonella species infections research
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Energy and Environment Impacts
- Rabies epidemiology and control
Universidade Federal da Bahia
2019-2024
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
2015-2024
Ministério da Saúde
2013-2024
Ministério da Saúde
2017-2024
Universidade de Taubaté
2020
University of Pennsylvania
2019
Yale University
2019
Montana State University
2019
Lancaster University
2019
Johns Hopkins University
2019
Background We address some critical but unknown parameters of individuals and populations Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) that influence leptospiral infection, maintenance spirochetal loads shed in urine, which contaminates the environment ultimately leading to human infection. Methodology/Principal Findings Our study, conducted Salvador, Brazil, established average load leptospires positive kidneys be 5.9 x 106 per mL (range 3.1-8.2 x106) genome equivalents (GEq), similar 6.1 ml 2.2-9.4...
Four spirochetes (F1 T , B21, Yale and AMB6-RJ) were isolated from environmental sources: F1 B21 soils of an urban slum community in Salvador (Brazil), river water New Haven, Connecticut (USA) AMB6-RJ a pond horse farm Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). Isolates helix-shaped, aerobic, highly motile non-virulent hamster model infection. Draft genomes the strains obtained analysed to determine relatedness other species genus Leptospira . The analysis 498 core genes showed that /B21 /AMB6-RJ formed two...
Residents of urban slums suffer from a high burden zoonotic diseases due to individual, socioeconomic, and environmental factors. We conducted cross-sectional sero-survey in four Salvador, Brazil, characterize how poverty sanitation contribute the transmission rat-borne leptospirosis. Sero-prevalence 1,318 participants ranged between 10.0 13.3%. found that contact with sources contamination, rather than presence rat reservoirs, is what leads higher risk for residents living areas inadequate...
The incidence of hospitalized leptospirosis patients was positively associated with increased precipitation in Salvador, Brazil. However, Leptospira infection risk among a cohort city residents inversely rainfall. These findings indicate that, although heavy rainfall may increase severe illness, exposures can occur year-round.
SUMMARY The house mouse ( Mus musculus ) and the black rat Rattus rattus are reservoir hosts for zoonotic pathogens, several of which cause neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Studies prevalence these NTD-causing in mice rats from residential areas scarce. Three hundred two 161 were trapped 2013 urban neighbourhoods a rural village Yucatan, Mexico, subsequently tested Trypanosoma cruzi , Hymenolepis diminuta Leptospira interrogans . Using polymerase chain reaction we detected T. DNA hearts...
SUMMARY Leptospirosis is a zoonosis caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira . The disease globally distributed and major public health concern. Norway rat ( Rattus norvegicus ) main reservoir pathogen in urban slums developing developed countries. potential routes intra-specific leptospire transmission rats are largely unknown. Herein, we identified pathogenic spp. breast tissue milk naturally infected rats. We examined kidney, from 24 lactating for presence leptospires using...
Rats are major reservoirs for pathogenic Leptospira , the bacteria causing leptospirosis, particularly in urban informal settlements. However, impact of variation rat abundance and pathogen shedding rates on spillover transmission to humans remains unclear. This study aimed investigate how spatial reservoir pressure affect a Brazilian settlement. A longitudinal eco-epidemiological was conducted from 2013 2014 characterize distribution rats determine association with human infection risk...
The structural environment of urban slums, including physical, demographic, and socioeconomic attributes, renders inhabitants more vulnerable to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Yet, little is known about the specific determinants that contribute high transmission within these communities. We therefore aimed investigate SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in an slum Brazil.
ABSTRACT The heavy metal lead was administered to Arabidopsis thaliana plants by foliar spray. At a concentration of l4mol m −3 , the nitrate suspension induced densely distributed necrotic lesions on A. leaves. A number ecotypes were tested and differential response heavy‐metal toxicity noted. necrosis provoked as result phytotoxic effect had similar appearance observed in hypersensitive inoculation with Xanthomonas campestris pv. (Lummerzheim et al. 1993, Molecular Plant‐Microbe...
Objective To describe the neurological and neurodevelopmental outcomes of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) associated microcephaly beyond 2 years age. Method We followed CZS-associated in an outpatient clinic Salvador, Brazil. Neurological assessments were performed using Hammersmith Infant Examination (HINE) Bayley Scales Toddler Neurodevelopment (Bayley-III) respectively. Results Of 42 included, 19 male (45.2%); median (interquartile range) age at evaluation was 28 (25–32)...
In this study, we genotyped samples from environmental reservoirs (surface water and soil), colonized rat specimens, cases of human severe leptospirosis an endemic urban slum in Brazil, to determine the molecular epidemiology pathogenic Leptospira identify pathways infection. We identified a well-established population interrogans serovar Copenhageni common cases, animal reservoirs. This finding provides genetic evidence for potential spillover pathway rat-borne through environment community...
Introduction Leptospirosis is a globally distributed zoonotic and environmentally mediated disease that has emerged as major health problem in urban slums developing countries. Its aetiological agent bacteria of the genus Leptospira , which are mainly spread urine infected rodents, especially an environment where adequate sanitation facilities lacking, it known open sewers key transmission sources disease. Therefore, we aim to evaluate effectiveness simplified sewerage intervention reducing...
Background The first chikungunya virus (CHIKV) outbreaks during the modern scientific era were identified in Americas 2013, reaching high attack rates Caribbean countries. However, few cohort studies have been performed to characterize initial dynamics of CHIKV transmission New World. Methodology/Principal findings To describe shortly after its introduction Brazil, we semi-annual serosurveys a long-term community-based 652 participants aged ≥5 years Salvador, between Feb-Apr/2014 and...
Zoonotic spillover from animal reservoirs is responsible for a significant global public health burden, but the processes that promote events are poorly understood in complex urban settings. Endemic transmission of Leptospira, agent leptospirosis, marginalised communities occurs through human exposure to an environment contaminated by bacteria shed urine rat reservoir. However, it unclear what extent driven variation distribution rats or dispersal rainwater runoff and overflow open sewer...
This study aims to describe the sociodemographic determinants associated with exposure Zika Virus (ZIKV) in pregnant women during 2015-2016 epidemic Salvador, Brazil. We recruited who gave birth between October 2015 and January 2016 a cross-sectional at referral maternity hospital collected information on their demographic, socioeconomic, clinical characteristics, evaluated ZIKV using plaque reduction neutralization test. Logistic regression was then used assess relationship these social...
Leptospirosis is an environmentally transmitted zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira spp. that affects poor communities worldwide. In urban slums, leptospirosis associated with deficient sanitary infrastructure. Yet, the role of sewerage in reduction environmental contamination has not been explored. Here, we conducted a survey pathogen soils surrounding open and closed sewer sections six slums Brazil. We found conventionally sewers (governmental interventions) were 3 times less...
Background Leptospirosis is a zoonosis caused by pathogenic species of bacteria belonging to the genus Leptospira . Most studies infer epidemiological patterns single serogroup or aggregate all serogroups estimate overall seropositivity, thus not exploring risks exposure distinct serogroups. The present study aims delineate demographic, socioeconomic and environmental factors associated with seropositivity Icterohaemorraghiae Cynopteri in an urban high transmission setting for leptospirosis...
Leptospirosis, a zoonosis caused by pathogenic Leptospira, primarily affects tropical, developing regions, especially communities without adequate sanitation. Outbreaks of leptospirosis have been linked with the presence Leptospira in water. In this study, we measured physicochemical characteristics (temperature, pH, salinity, turbidity, electrical conductivity, and total dissolved solids (TDS)) surface waters from an urban slum Salvador, Brazil, analyzed their associations concentration...
To describe the differences in clinical presentation and relative disease burden of congenital Zika syndrome (CZS)-associated microcephaly at 2 large hospitals Salvador, Brazil that serve patients different socioeconomic status (SES).
Abstract Accurate measurements of seroincidence are critical for infections undercounted by reported cases, such as influenza, arboviral diseases, and leptospirosis. However, conventional methods interpreting paired serological samples do not account antibody titer decay, resulting in underestimated rates. To improve interpretation sera, we modeled exponential decay interval-censored microscopic agglutination test titers using a historical data set leptospirosis cases traced to point source...