WRKY transcription factors play important roles in the regulation of various biological processes. We have analyzed publicly available rice genome sequence databases and predicted 103 genes encoding factors. Among them, majority (77.7%) were located duplicated regions; 45.6% fragmentally 35% them tandemly duplicated. These results suggested that duplications might be regarded as a major mechanism for expansion this family genome. Subsequently, we their expression profiles under normal...

A two-element Activator/Dissociation (Ac/Ds) gene trap system was successfully established in rice (Oryza sativa ssp. japonica cv. Nipponbare) to generate a collection of stable, unlinked and single-copy Ds transposants. The germinal transposition frequency estimated as an average 51% by analyzing 4413 families. Study pattern siblings revealed that 79% had at least two different insertions, suggesting late during development. Analysis 2057 flanking sequences showed 88% them were unique,...

Summary Class I TREHALOSE ‐ PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE ( TPS ) genes affect salinity tolerance and plant development. However, the function of class II their underlying mechanisms action are unknown. We report identification functional analysis a rice gene Os 8 ). The ostps8 mutant was characterised by GC MS analysis, an abscisic acid ABA sensitivity test generating transgenic lines. To identify mechanism, expression analyses, genetic complementation examination suberin deposition in roots were...

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) exist in various eukaryotes and function detoxification of xenobiotics response to abiotic biotic stresses. We have carried out a genome-wide survey this gene family 10 plant genomes. Our data show that tandem duplication has been regarded as the major expansion mechanism both monocot dicot plants may practiced different evolutionary history. Non-synonymous substitutions per site (Ka) synonymous (Ks) analyses showed N- C-terminal functional domains GSTs...

Pathogenesis-related protein-5 (PR-5) has been implicated in plant disease resistance and its antifungal activity demonstrated some fruit species. However, their roles, especially interactions with the other defense responses cells, are still not fully understood. In this study, we have cloned characterized a new PR-5 cDNA named PdPR5-1 from European plum (Prunus domestica). Expression of was studied different cultivars varying to brown rot caused by necrotrophic fungus Monilinia fructicola....

The morphological and genetic diversity of cyanobacteria associated with cycads was examined using PCR amplification techniques 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Eighteen symbiotic were isolated from different cycad species. One the isolates a species Calothrix, genus not previously reported to form symbioses Cycadaceae family, remainder Nostoc spp. Axenic cyanobacterial strains compared by DNA either short arbitrary primers or specific for repetitive sequences. Based on fingerprint patterns...

Background Plant cytochromes P450 are involved in a wide range of biosynthetic reactions and play various roles plant development. However, little is known about the biological functions subfamily CYP96 plants. Methodology/Principal Findings Here, we report novel semi-dwarf rice mutant, which single copy transposon dissociator (Ds) was inserted into gene OsCYP96B4 (Oryza sativa Cytochrome 96B4). The mutant exhibits defects cell elongation pollen germination, can be complemented by wild type...

Expression profiling is one of the most important tools for dissecting biological functions genes and upregulation or downregulation gene expression sufficient recreating phenotypic differences. divergence significantly contributes to variations. However, little known on molecular basis evolution among rice genotypes with contrasting phenotypes. In this study, we have implemented an integrative approach using bioinformatics experimental analyses provide insights into genomic variation,...

In each completely sequenced genome, 30% to 50% of genes are annotated as uncharacterized hypothetical genes. the rice (Oryza sativa) 10,918 were in latest version (release 6) Michigan State University genome annotation. We have implemented an integrative approach analyze their duplication/expansion and function. The analyses show that tandem/segmental duplication transposition/retrotransposition significantly contributed expansion despite different contribution rates. A total 3,769 been...

Biofuels hold the promise to replace an appreciable proportion of fossil fuels. Not only do they emit significantly lower amounts greenhouse gases, are much closer being 'carbon neutral', since source plants utilize carbon dioxide for their growth. In particular, second-generation lignocellulosic biofuels from agricultural wastes and non-food crops such as switchgrass sustainability avoid diverting food fuel. Currently, available biomass could yield sufficient bioethanol ∼10 % worldwide...

Rafflesia, a holoparasitic genus that produces the largest flower in world is characterized by absence of leaves, stem and other macroscopic organs. To better understand molecular regulation development this we isolated floral MADS-box gene, namely, RcMADS1 from Rafflesia cantleyi. Heterologous expression analysis Arabidopsis was chosen because not amenable to genetic manipulations. shares sequence similarity with AGAMOUS-LIKE 24 (AGL24) SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP) Arabidopsis. Ectopic...

Dwarfism and semi-dwarfism are among the most valuable agronomic traits in crop breeding, which were adopted by “Green Revolution”. Previously, we reported a novel semi-dwarf rice mutant (oscyp96b4) derived from insertion of single copy Dissociator (Ds) transposon into gene OsCYP96B4. However, systems metabolic effect mutation is not well understood, important for understanding function developing new mutants. Here, phenotypes (M) ectopic expression (ECE) line compared to wild-type (WT)...

Activator/Dissociation (Ac/Ds) transposon mutagenesis is a widely used tool for gene identification; however, several reports on silencing of the Ac/Ds element in starter lines and stable transposants question applicability such an approach later generations. We have performed systematic analysis various aspects phenomenon rice (Oryza sativa ssp. japonica cv. Nipponbare). High somatic germinal transposition frequencies observed earlier generations were maintained as late T4 T5 generations;...

The treatment comprised S. platensis mediated TiO2NPs at different concentrations of 25, 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150 ppm was diluted from the stock solution. Double Hybrid silkworm (CSR6 × CSR26) (CSR2 CSR 27) were fed with mulberry leaves treated TiO2NPs. application influenced economic parameters. concentration 50 to which recorded increased mature larval weight (4.34 g), cocoon (2.24 shell ratio (26.26%), silk filament length (1455 m), (0.36 denier (2.22) reduced renditta (5.17 kg) as...

The world’s population continues to expand and it is expected cross 9 billion by 2050. This would significantly amplify the demand for food, which will pose serious threats global food security. Additional challenges are being imposed due a gradual decrease in total arable land environmental changes. Hence, of utmost importance review revise existing production strategies incorporating novel biotechnological approaches that can help break crop yield barriers near future. In this review, we...

Cassava is a widely distributed crop known for food security and industrial applications.Nonetheless, it highly prone to attacks of pests diseases.Cassava mosaic disease (CMD) an important cause loss across the globe.In this context, research focused on developing cassava resistant varieties through transgenic conventional approaches.In paper, trait CMD resistance valued ex-ante using partial budget approach economic surplus model.The value at farm level varies from ` 38658 per hectare in...

The purpose of the proposed look at is to recognize massive distinction within opinions amongst personnel working in pharma quarter with reference worker retention practices on premise their designation, qualification, nature employment, marital repute and profits. Out 150 employees, 100 were taken because sample for existing take a from 3 districts Telangana region (i.e., Nizamabad, Adilabad Karimnagar). statistics changed into gathered through questionnaire dispensed employees fill choices...