A5040663047- Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Malaria Research and Control
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Helminth infection and control
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Coccidia and coccidiosis research
- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Microfluidic and Bio-sensing Technologies
- Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Cancer-related gene regulation
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Digital Holography and Microscopy
University of Pennsylvania
2022-2024
Duke University
2015-2019
Duke University Hospital
2018
Duke Medical Center
2018
Center for Genomic Science
2015
University of Pittsburgh
2012-2014
Malaria detection through microscopic examination of stained blood smears is a diagnostic challenge that heavily relies on the expertise trained microscopists. This paper presents an automated analysis method for and staging red cells infected by malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum at trophozoite or schizont stage. Unlike previous efforts in this area, study uses quantitative phase images unstained cells. Erythrocytes are automatically segmented using thresholds optical refocused to...
The production of IFN-γ is crucial for control multiple enteric infections, but its impact on intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) not well understood. Cryptosporidium parasites exclusively infect and the ability interferons to activate transcription factor STAT1 in IEC required parasite clearance. Here, use single cell RNA sequencing profile during infection revealed an increased proportion mid-villus enterocytes induction IFN-γ-dependent gene signatures that was comparable between uninfected...
The apicomplexan parasite
Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous protozoan parasite capable of infecting all warm-blooded animals, including humans. Its closest extant relative, Hammondia hammondi, has never been found to infect humans and, in contrast T. , highly attenuated mice. To better understand the genetic bases for these phenotypic differences, we sequenced genome H. hammondi isolate (HhCatGer041) and genomic synteny between be >95%. We used this determine primary sequence two major mouse virulence genes,...
Most human deaths that result from malaria are caused by the eukaryotic parasite Plasmodium falciparum . The only form of this is transmitted to mosquito sexual form, called gametocyte. production mature gametocytes can take up 2 weeks and results in phenotypically distinct males females, although what causes gender-specific differentiation remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate first use microfluidic technology capture single determine their temporal sex-specific gene expression an...
Abstract Plasmodium falciparum infection causes structural and biochemical changes in red blood cells (RBCs). To quantify these changes, we apply a novel optical technique, quantitative phase spectroscopy (QPS) to characterize individual (RBCs) during the intraerythrocytic life cycle of P. . QPS captures hyperspectral holograms RBCs measure spectroscopic across visible wavelength range (475–700 nm), providing complex information, i.e. amplitude phase, about light field which has interacted...
Abstract BACKGROUND: Cyclin E1 (CCNE1) amplification occurs in endometrial (40%), ovarian (20%), stomach (11%) and breast (3%) cancers is associated with poor clinical outcomes. CCNE1 deregulates the G1/S checkpoint causes premature entry into S phase. Consequently, amplified cells depend on G2/M to ensure genomic stability before mitosis. PKMYT1, a member of WEE1 family enzymes, phosphorylates inhibits CDK1 regulate prevent Here, we show that PKMYT1 inhibition CCNE1-high cancer results...
Malaria parasites follow a complex life cycle that consists of multiple stages span from the human host to mosquito vector. Among species causing malaria, Plasmodium falciparum is most lethal, with clinical symptoms manifesting during intraerythrocytic developmental (IDC). During IDC, P. progresses through synchronous and continuous cascade transcriptional programming previously established using population analyses. While individual are known exhibit variations evade immune system or commit...
ABSTRACT Toxoplasma gondii and its nearest extant relative, Hammondia hammondi , are phenotypically distinct despite their remarkable similarity in gene content, synteny, functionality. To begin to identify genetic differences that might drive infection phenotypes of T. H. the present study we (i) determined whether two known host-interacting proteins, dense granule protein 15 (GRA15) rhoptry 16 (ROP16), were functionally conserved (ii) performed first comparative transcriptional analysis...
ABSTRACT Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that can cause disease in all warm-blooded animals studied to date, including humans. Over a billion people have been infected with this worldwide. In Europe and North America, has clonal population structure, where only three lineages are highly dominant (strain types I, II, III). Khan et al. [ mBio 2(6) : e00228-11, 2011 ] carried out phylogenetic analyses on large number of diverse strains from outside these found evidence...
The production of IFN-γ is crucial for control multiple enteric infections, but its impact on intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) not well understood.
Abstract Purpose This study examined the role of overall family functioning (FF) in concussion recovery among adolescents and young adults. The authors hypothesized that participants with unhealthy FF would demonstrate prolonged times compared to healthy FF. Method A prospective cohort assessed a university laboratory setting. Participants completed demographics, medical history, injury characteristics, Sport Concussion Assessment Tool-5 (SCAT5), General Functioning Scale Family Device...
ABSTRACT Malarial fever arises from the synchronous bursting of human red blood cells by Plasmodium parasite. The released parasites re-infect neighboring and undergo another asexual cycle differentiation proliferation for 48 hours, before again synchronously. synchrony is lost during in vitro culturing parasite outside body, presumably because no longer entrained host-specific circadian cues. Therefore, most malaria studies have relied on artificial synchronization population. However, much...
The genetic variation responsible for the sickle cell allele (HbS) enables erythrocytes to resist infection by malaria parasite, P. falciparum. molecular basis of this resistance, which is known be multifactorial, remains incompletely understood. Recent studies found that differential expression erythrocyte microRNAs, once translocated into parasites, affect both gene regulation and parasite growth. These miRNAs were later shown inhibit mRNA translation forming a chimeric RNA transcript via...
The genetic variation responsible for the sickle cell allele (HbS) enables erythrocytes to resist infection by malaria parasite, P. falciparum. molecular basis of this resistance, which is known be multifactorial, remains incompletely understood. Recent studies found that differential expression erythrocyte microRNAs, once translocated into parasites, affect both gene regulation and parasite growth. These miRNAs were later shown inhibit mRNA translation forming a chimeric RNA transcript via...
Abstract Purpose To identify predictors of sleep quality following concussion in adolescents. Methods Ninety-four (47%-F) participants aged 11-17 (14.31±2.8) years within 7 days injury were recruited from a specialty clinic and emergency department. Participants completed demographics, mTBI medical history, Adolescent Sleep-Wake Scale (ASWS), Concussion Clinical Profiles Screening (CP Screen), Post-Concussion Symptom (PCSS). Stepwise logistic regressions (LR) used to ASWS scores. Results the...
Abstract Cryptosporidium species are intracellular parasites that infect intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) and the rapid cycle of growth, cell lysis reinfection every 12 hours can cause severe enteric disease in young or immunocompromised patients. Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) has a crucial role protective immunity mice with an IEC-specific deletion IFN-γ receptor (IFN-γR ΔIEC) highly susceptible to infection. However, dynamics signalling IEC how this leads parasite control remain poorly understood....
The apicomplexan parasite Cryptosporidium is a leading global cause of diarrheal disease, and the infection poses particularly grave threat to young children those with weakened immune function. Infection occurs by ingestion meiotic spores called oocysts, transmission relies on fecal shedding new oocysts. entire lifecycle thus in single host features asexual as well sexual forms replication. Here we identify locus tag two Apetala 2-type (AP2) transcription factors demonstrate that they are...