A5081198279- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Complement system in diseases
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Enzyme function and inhibition
- Coagulation, Bradykinin, Polyphosphates, and Angioedema
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Biochemical and Molecular Research
- Erythropoietin and Anemia Treatment
- Genetic Syndromes and Imprinting
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine
2019-2025
Université de Montréal
2019-2025
Swedish Veterinary Agency
2022-2024
Addenbrooke's Hospital
2019-2021
University of Cambridge
2019-2021
Public Health Agency of Sweden
2020-2021
Vrije Universiteit Brussel
2021
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
2021
Qserve Group (Netherlands)
2021
Royal Victoria Hospital
1983-1987
Article23 August 2021Open Access Transparent process Identification of lectin receptors for conserved SARS-CoV-2 glycosylation sites David Hoffmann IMBA, Institute Molecular Biotechnology the Austrian Academy Sciences, Vienna, Austria These authors contributed equally to this work Search more papers by author Stefan Mereiter orcid.org/0000-0002-4832-3090 Yoo Jin Oh orcid.org/0000-0002-9636-3329 Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Vanessa Monteil orcid.org/0000-0002-2652-5695...
Abstract Climate change and population densities accelerated transmission of highly pathogenic viruses to humans, including the Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV). Here we report that Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor (LDLR) is a critical receptor for CCHFV cell entry, playing vital role in infection culture blood vessel organoids. The interaction between LDLR specific, with other members protein family failing bind or neutralize virus. Biosensor experiments demonstrate...
The first crucial step in the developmental program occurs during pre-implantation, time after oocyte has been fertilized and before embryo implants uterus. This period represents a vulnerable window as epigenome undergoes dynamic changes DNA methylation profiles. Alterations early embryonic reprogramming wave can impair patterns induce permanent to program, leading onset of adverse health outcomes offspring. Although there is an increasing body evidence indicating that harmful exposures...
Abstract Latent human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is characterized by limited gene expression, making latent HCMV infections refractory to current treatments targeting viral replication. However, reactivation of in immunosuppressed solid organ and stem cell transplant patients often results morbidity. Here, we report the killing latently infected cells via a virus-specific nanobody (VUN100bv) that partially inhibits signaling receptor US28. VUN100bv reactivates immediate early...
Antibodies play a central role in the immune defense against SARS-CoV-2. Emerging evidence has shown that nonneutralizing antibodies are important for through Fc-mediated effector functions. Antibody subclass is known to affect downstream Fc function. However, whether antibody plays anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity remains unclear. Here, we subclass-switched eight human IgG1 anti-spike monoclonal (mAbs) IgG3 by exchanging their constant domains. The mAbs exhibited altered avidities spike protein and...
One site of latency human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in vivo is undifferentiated cells the myeloid lineage. Although latently infected are known to evade host T cell responses by suppression effector functions, it not if they must also surveillance other immune cells. Here we show that with HCMV can, indeed, be killed neutrophils but only a serum-dependent manner. Specifically, antibodies viral latency-associated US28 protein mediate neutrophil killing To address this mechanistically, full...
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus which infects 50 to 100% of humans worldwide. HCMV causes lifelong subclinical infection in immunocompetent individuals but serious cause mortality and morbidity the immunocompromised neonates. In particular, reactivation transplant setting major failure related disease. Therefore, molecular understanding latency could provide insights into potential ways target latent viral reservoir at-risk patient populations.
Albumin and other serum plasma proteins may be nonenzymatically glycosylated in vitro vivo. Chromatographie colorimetrie measurement of these shows that levels are approximately two to three times higher diabetic than nondiabetic subjects. In patients appear reflect glycemia the preceding several days correlate with established parameters such as fasting glucose, mean capillary blood glucose measurements, hemoglobin. Because have shorter half-lives hemoglobin, altered more rapidly hemoglobin...
Although coronaviruses (CoVs) have long been predicted to cause zoonotic diseases and pandemics with high probability, the lack of effective anti-pan-CoVs drugs rapidly usable against emerging SARS-CoV-2 actually prevented a promptly therapeutic intervention for COVID-19. Development host-targeting antivirals could be an alternative strategy control CoVs infections, as they quickly repositioned from one pandemic event another. To contribute these preparedness efforts, here we report on...
Abstract Fetal alcohol exposure at any stage of pregnancy can lead to fetal spectrum disorder (FASD), a group life‐long conditions characterized by congenital malformations, as well cognitive, behavioral, and emotional impairments. The teratogenic effects have long been publicized; yet is one the most common preventable causes birth defects. Currently, abstinence during best only way prevent FASD. However, consumption remains astoundingly prevalent among pregnant women; therefore, additional...
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of disease 2019 (COVID-19), has caused widespread morbidity and mortality since its onset in late 2019. Here, we demonstrate that prior infection with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) substantially increases SARS-CoV-2 vitro. HCMV is a common herpesvirus carried by 40%-100% population, which can reactivate lung under inflammatory conditions, such as those resulting from infection. We show both endothelial...
Abstract Epigenetic mechanisms are crucial for developmental programming and can be disrupted by environmental stressors, increasing susceptibility to disease. This has sparked interest in therapies restoring epigenetic balance, but it remains uncertain whether disordered fully corrected. Disruption of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), responsible methylation maintenance, particularly devastating biological consequences. Therefore, here we explored if rescuing DNMT1 activity is sufficient...
Viral latency is an active process during which the host cell environment optimized for latent carriage and reactivation. This requires control of both viral gene promoters enhancers often at level chromatin, several viruses co-opt chromatin organiser CTCF to expression latency. While has a role in latencies alpha- gamma-herpesviruses, it was not known whether played beta-herpesvirus human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). Here, we show that HCMV associated with increased binding major lytic promoter,...
Targeting the site of infection is a promising strategy for improving vaccine effectivity. To date, licensed COVID-19 vaccines have been administered intramuscularly despite fact that SARS-CoV-2 respiratory virus. Here, we aim to induce local protective mucosal immune responses with an inhaled subunit candidate, ISR52, based on Spike S1 protein. When tested in lethal challenge hACE2 transgenic mouse model, intranasal and intratracheal administration ISR52 provided superior protection against...
Human cytomegalovirus establishes a lifelong, latent infection in the human host and can cause significant morbidity mortality, particularly, immunocompromised individuals. One established site of HCMV latency reactivation is cells myeloid lineage. In undifferentiated cells, such as CD14+ monocytes, virus maintained latently. We have recently reported an analysis total proteome latently infected which identified increase hematopoietic lineage cell-specific protein (HCLS1). Here we show that...
Spike-specific antibodies are central to effective COVID19 immunity. Research efforts have focused on that neutralize the ACE2-Spike interaction but not non-neutralizing antibodies. Antibody-dependent phagocytosis is an immune mechanism enhanced by opsonization, where typically, more bound trigger a stronger phagocyte response. Here, we show antibodies, dependent concentration, can either enhance or reduce Spike-bead monocytes independently of antibody neutralization potential. Surprisingly,...
SUMMARY Our research is motivated by the pivotal role of DNMT1 in maintaining DNA methylation, genomic stability, transposable element silencing, and imprinting alongside extensive utilization embryonic stem cells (ESCs) for modeling development disease. Previously, we showed that hypomethylation persisted throughout Dnmt1 inactivation rescue mouse ESCs (mESCs), demonstrating their need sustained activity. Here, expanding on our previous work, assessed broader epigenomic impact using EM-seq...
Abstract Latent reservoirs of viral pathogens are significant barriers to eradication these viruses. During latency, herpesviruses maintain their genome, with little gene expression, making latent infections refractory current treatments targeting replication. In the case human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), sporadic reactivation events well controlled by immune system. However, in immunocompromised or immunosuppressed individuals, HCMV often results morbidity solid organ and stem cell transplant...
Abstract Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) latency is an active process which remodels the latently infected cell to optimise latent carriage and reactivation. This achieved, in part, through expression of viral genes, including G-protein coupled receptor US28. Here, we use unbiased proteomic screen assess changes host proteins induced by US28, revealing that interferon-inducible genes are downregulated We validate MHC Class II two PYHIN proteins, MNDA IFI16, during experimental primary human...