A5061149213- Leptospirosis research and findings
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases
- Cancer therapeutics and mechanisms
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Gut microbiota and health
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Humic Substances and Bio-Organic Studies
- Enterobacteriaceae and Cronobacter Research
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Phenothiazines and Benzothiazines Synthesis and Activities
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
Massey University
2016-2025
University of Maryland, Baltimore
2013-2020
Victoria University of Wellington
2009-2010
Malaghan Institute of Medical Research
2010
Enterohemorrhagic and enteropathogenic E. coli (EHEC EPEC) can cause severe potentially life-threatening infections. Their pathogenicity is mediated by at least 40 effector proteins which they inject into their host cells a type-III secretion system leading to the subversion of several cellular pathways. However, molecular function effectors remains unknown, even though contribute virulence. Here we show that one them, NleF, binds caspase-4, -8, -9 in yeast two-hybrid, LUMIER, direct...
Abstract Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is an opportunistic and emerging zoonotic pathogen that primarily colonises the skin of dogs. Many common variants are methicillin resistant (MRSP) or multidrug (MDR), drug resistance increasingly reported across globe. In New Zealand, MRSP isolation remains rare in clinics. To pre-emptively inform diagnostic antimicrobial stewardship practices, we examine isolates S . , MDR-MRSP from Zealand dogs using a combination methodologies. Genetic genomic...
Case history: Three human leptospirosis cases from a case-control study were recruited for in-contact animal and environment sampling Leptospira testing between October 2020 December 2021. These selected because of regular exposure to livestock, pets, and/or wildlife, was carried out on their farms or lifestyle blocks (sites A–C), with veterinarians overseeing the process collecting environmental wildlife samples.
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) primarily infects children in developing countries and causes diarrhea that can be deadly. EPEC pathogenesis occurs through type III secretion system (T3SS)-mediated injection of effectors into intestinal epithelial cells (IECs); these alter actin dynamics, modulate the immune response, disrupt tight junction (TJ) integrity. The resulting compromised barrier function increased gastrointestinal (GI) permeability may responsible for clinical symptoms...
ABSTRACT In this study, application of a dual absorbance/fluorescence assay to chemical library screen identified several previously unknown inhibitors mycobacteria. addition, growth conditions had significant effect on the activity profile library. Some such as Se-methylselenocysteine were detected only when screening was performed under nutrient-limited culture opposed nutrient-rich conditions. We propose that multiple condition is required for complete inhibitory profiling and maximal...
Leptospirosis in New Zealand has been strongly associated with animal-contact occupations and serovars Hardjo Pomona. However, recent data suggest changes these patterns, hence, serovar-specific epidemiology of leptospirosis from 1999 to 2017 was investigated. The 19-year average annual incidence is 2.01/100,000. Early (1999–2007) late (2008–2017) study period comparisons showed a significant increase notifications serovar Ballum (IRR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.22–2.09) all cases Tarassovi 1.75,...
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease of global importance. The breadth Leptospira diversity associated with both human and animal poses major logistical challenges to the use classical diagnostic techniques, increasingly molecular tools are used for their detection. In New Zealand, this has resulted in an increase positive cases reported nationally that have not been attributed infecting serovar or genomospecies. study, we data from all pathogenic genomes identify partial region glmU gene as...
A 55-year-old man with well-controlled HIV had severe diarrhea for 3 weeks and developed multiorgan dysfunction bacteremia due to Escherichia coli. The genome of the patient's isolate features characteristic extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli genes distantly related those defining enteropathogenic
Routinely collected public health surveillance data are often partially complete, yet remain a useful source by which to monitor incidence and track progress during disease intervention. In the 1970s, leptospirosis in New Zealand (NZ) was known as ‘dairy farm fever’ frequently associated with serovars Hardjo Pomona. To reduce infection, interventions such vaccination of dairy cattle these two implemented. These have been significant reduction incidence, however, livestock-based occupations...
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is a leading cause of infantile diarrhea in developing countries. EPEC strain E2348/69 used worldwide as prototype to study genetics and disease. However, isolates differ phenotypically, reflecting history vitro selection. To identify the genomic phenotypic changes strain, we sequenced genome nalidixic acid-resistant (Nal(r)) clone. We also recent nleF mutant derived by one-step PCR mutagenesis from Nal(r) strain. The sequencing results revealed no...
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) remains a significant cause of infant diarrheal illness and associated morbidity mortality in developing countries. EPEC strains are characterized by their ability to colonize the small intestines hosts multistep program involving initial loose attachment intestinal epithelial cells followed an intimate adhesion phase. The interaction typical with host is mediated bundle-forming pili (BFP). BFP type 4b (T4bP) based on structural functional properties...
In Aotearoa New Zealand, 90% of patients with notified leptospirosis (a zoonotic bacterial disease) have been men working in agricultural industries. However, since 2008, the epidemiology cases has gradually changing, that is, more women are affected; there associated occupations traditionally not considered high risk Zealand; infecting serovars changed; and many experience symptoms long after infection. We hypothesized is a shift transmission patterns substantial burden on affected their...
To apply molecular typing to DNA isolated from historical samples determine Leptospira spp. infecting farmed and wild mammals in New Zealand.DNA used this study were extracted urine, serum or kidney (or cultures them) collected between 2007 2017 a range of domestic wildlife mammalian species as part different research projects at Massey University. Samples included the if they met one three criteria: that tested positive with lipL32 PCR for pathogenic Leptospira; negative by but recorded...
There has been a recent upsurge in human cases of leptospirosis New Zealand, with wildlife suspected emerging source, but up-to-date knowledge on this topic is lacking. We conducted cross-sectional study two farm environments to estimate Leptospira seroprevalence and sympatric livestock, PCR/culture prevalence wildlife, compare between species, sex, age groups. Traps targeting house mice (Mus musculus), black rats (Rattus rattus), hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) brushtail possums...
There is some suggestion that infection with pandemic influenza may increase long-term mortality risks. Therefore we aimed to determine if exposure a severe outbreak of on troopship in 1918 impacted lifespan the survivors. The cohort had 1107 personnel and comparison was from two contemporaneous troopships (1108 randomly selected personnel). Data were collected online individual military files. main finding there no statistically significant difference (means 71·5 71·0 years, respectively)....
Leptospirosis is largely an occupational disease for people working with livestock in Aotearoa New Zealand. Introduction of vaccination and use personal protective equipment has been associated a reduction the incidence. However, incidence leptospirosis remains high, significant burdens affected families healthcare system. For this article, subset thirteen participants from nationwide case-control study (2019–2021) who were diagnosed worked at time illness invited agreed to semi-structured...
Cattle are asymptomatic carriers of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichiacoli (STEC) strains that can cause serious illness or death in humans. In New Zealand, contact with cattle feces and living near populations known risk factors for human STEC infection. Contamination fresh meat also leads to the potential rejection consignments by importing countries. We used a combination PCR/matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) whole-genome sequencing (WGS)...
In Aotearoa New Zealand, leptospirosis is a disease that mostly affects people working with livestock on farms and in abattoirs, Māori Pasifika workers more likely to be hospitalised than others. This article shares an analysis of thirteen interviews diagnosed leptospirosis. They were asked advise colleagues employers, as well share how their illness had affected income – informing health officials workplace insurers. Their comments suggest most are aware the importance Personal Protective...
Abstract Leptospirosis is an epidemic disease caused by bacteria of the Leptospira genus. Its risk closely associated with inadequate sanitation and flooding, a common public health challenge in large urban centers together environmental modifications, socio-economic factors. This retrospective observational research investigated association between three contextual factors (drainage, soil impermeability social vulnerability) distribution leptospirosis cases Campinas city, São Paulo, Brazil....
The objectives of this study were to determine if horses located near an outbreak leptospirosis in alpacas had Leptospira titres indicative a previous or current infection and, so, the magnitude change over time. Further, objective was with high titre results shedding their urine. Blood samples collected from twelve on next farm alpacas, day zero and at four subsequent time points (two, four, six nine weeks). microscopic agglutination test used sera for five serovars endemic New Zealand:...