The role of interleukin (IL)-18 in the development host defence system against influenza virus infection was investigated. IL-18-deficient (IL-18 −/− ) C57BL/6 mice that were inoculated intranasally with mouse-adapted strain human A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) showed an increased mortality occurrence pathogenic changes lung for first 3 days infection, which included pronounced growth massive infiltration inflammatory cells and elevated nitric oxide production. interferon-gamma (IFN- γ level induced...

It is well accepted that vaccination by oral administration has many advantages over injected parenteral immunization. The present study focuses on whether with a DNA vaccine could induce protective immunity against respiratory challenge infection. M1 gene of influenza A virus was used to construct using pcDNA 3.1(+) plasmid, eukaryotic expression vector. cationic liposomes were deliver the constructed vaccine. In vitro and in vivo observed cell line intestine orally vaccinated C57BL/6 mice,...

Abstract Background Liver fibrosis progression is commonly found in patients with CHB. biopsy a gold standard for identifying the extent of liver fibrosis, but has many draw-backs. It essential to construct noninvasive model predict levels risk fibrosis. would provide very useful information help reduce number biopsies CHB patients. Methods 339 chronic hepatitis B HBsAg-positive were investigated retrospectively, and divided at random into 2 subsets twice as training set validation set; 116...

To investigate the clinical significance of levels IL-4, IL-33 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TLSP) in patients with asthma and/or rhinitis, then do simple verification animals.Levels IL-4 IL-31, TLSP were detected by ELISA real-time PCR 64 (sIgE[+]: 32 cases, sIgE[-]: cases), rhinitis complicated allergic cases) healthy controls. Then we sensitized mice.Results showed that TSLP patients, those had significant differences compared control group (p < 0.05). It was found indicators mugwort...

The effect of ageing on the local defence system against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection was investigated using an aged mouse model senescence-accelerated (SAM) strain P1. Following intranasal with RSV, SAM-P1 mice showed a marked loss in weight, elevated growth lungs and prolonged shedding. increased susceptibility to RSV associated mainly diminished cellular immunity by virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes natural killer cells. deficiency immune responses due lack clonal...

Changes in the intestinal microbiota indirectly impact health of mucosa distal to intestine, particularly respiratory tract. However, effects dysbiosis on regulation syncytial virus (RSV) infection are not clear. In this study, we examined altering pulmonary immune response against RSV infection. BALB/c mice were treated with streptomycin before study altered response. The ingestion led a marked alteration reduced abundance Lactobacillus and Clostridium genera, followed by greatly aggravated...

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis, which lethal in approximately 90% of cases despite advanced standard therapies. A typical feature PDAC the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment multiple factors including neurotransmitters. Recently, neuromedin U (NMU), highly conserved neuropeptide many physiological functions, has attracted attention for its roles tumorigenesis and metastasis several types cancers. However, whether NMU...

The SAM-P1 strain of senescence-accelerated model mice shows an impaired T helper type 1 (Th1) immune response upon infection with influenza virus, which results in high susceptibility to the virus. Treatment spleen cells from immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotide containing a cytidine-guanosine motif (CpG ODN) vitro increased ratio titre IFN-γ that IL-4. Administration CpG ODN generated satisfactory virus-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses and natural killer cell activation...

Introduction: Zhusha Anshen Wan (ZSASW) is a traditional Chinese medicine compound mainly composed of mineral drugs. In clinical practice, ZSASW did not show the toxicity administering equal doses cinnabar alone, suggesting that four combination herbs in can alleviate damage cinnabar. The effect each herb on reducing has been fully explained. Methods: our study, we utilized metabonomics approach based high-resolution 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to investigate reduction by...

Activated group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) play a crucial role in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-induced airway inflammation and allergy-like symptoms because of their ability to secrete large quantities type cytokines. Cytokines such as IL-33, IL-25, thymic stromal lymphopoietin are activators ILC2s. Besides, regulatory effect neurotransmitters on ILC2 activation has been reported recently. However, whether how RSV infection induces neurotransmitter production the lungs regulates...

Abstract Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection has been hypothesized to be a risk factor for the development of allergy and asthma, but epidemiologic studies in humans still remain inconclusive. The association between RSV allergic diseases may dependent on atopic background previous history infection. In this study, influence timing Japanese cedar pollen (JCP)‐induced responses was examined. BALB/c mice were intranasally infected with before or after sensitization JCP. Production...

Aim: How respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) influences the development of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma remains elusive. As potent T helper (Th)2 cytokine producers, group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are known to serve important functions in pathogenesis allergic inflammation. However, how RSV infection affects immunity, especially with regard function ILC2s OVA-induced airway inflammation, is largely unknown. Materials & methods: was used infect adult BALB/c mice intranasally prior...

Abstract Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection has been hypothesized to be a risk factor for the development of allergy and asthma, but epidemiologic studies in humans still remain inconclusive. The association between RSV allergic diseases may dependent on an atopic background previous history infection. It reported that before sensitization allergen decreased production Th2‐like cytokines lung levels allergen‐specific Th2‐type antibodies serum. However, underlying mechanisms are...