A5040311428- Malaria Research and Control
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Research
- COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts
- Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Child and Adolescent Health
- Complement system in diseases
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Travel-related health issues
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2022-2024
Kenya Medical Research Institute
2013-2023
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
2018-2023
Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria
2023
Center for Global Health
2023
Ministry of Health
2016-2020
Background The RTS,S/AS01E malaria vaccine (RTS,S) was introduced by national immunisation programmes in Ghana, Kenya, and Malawi 2019 large-scale pilot schemes. We aimed to address questions about feasibility impact, assess safety signals that had been observed the phase 3 trial included an excess of meningitis cerebral cases RTS,S recipients, possibility deaths among girls who received than controls, inform decisions wider use. Methods In this prospective evaluation, 158 geographical...
Poor utilisation of facility-based antenatal and delivery care services in Kenya hampers reduction maternal mortality. Studies suggest that the participation men is associated with better health seeking behaviour, yet many reproductive programs do not facilitate their involvement. This qualitative study conducted rural Western Kenya, explored men's perceptions identified factors facilitated or constrained Eight focus group discussions were 68 married between 20-65 years age May 2011....
Children who have been hospitalized with severe anemia in areas of Africa which malaria is endemic a high risk readmission and death within 6 months after discharge. No prevention strategy specifically addresses this period.We conducted multicenter, two-group, randomized, placebo-controlled trial nine hospitals Kenya Uganda to determine whether 3 chemoprevention could reduce morbidity mortality hospital discharge children younger than 5 years age had admitted anemia. All received standard...
High‐dose ivermectin, co‐administered for 3 days with dihydroartemisinin‐piperaquine ( DP ), killed mosquitoes feeding on individuals at least 28 posttreatment in a recent trial IVERMAL whereas 7 was predicted pretrial. The current study assessed the relationship between ivermectin blood concentrations and observed mosquitocidal effects against Anopheles gambiae s.s . Three of 0, 300, or 600 mcg/kg/day plus randomly assigned to 141 adults uncomplicated malaria Kenya. During follow‐up, 1,393...
Innovative approaches are needed to complement existing tools for malaria elimination. Ivermectin is a broad spectrum antiparasitic endectocide clinically used onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis control at single doses of 150 200 mcg/kg. It also shortens the lifespan mosquitoes that feed on individuals recently treated with ivermectin. However, effect after mcg/kg oral dose short-lived (6 11 days). Modeling suggests higher doses, which prolong mosquitocidal effects, make significant...
Children recovering from severe malarial anaemia (SMA) remain at high risk of readmission and death after discharge hospital. However, a recent trial found that post-discharge malaria chemoprevention (PDMC) with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine reduces this risk. We developed mathematical model describing the daily incidence uncomplicated requiring among 0-5-year old children hospitalised SMA. fitted to multicentre clinical PDMC using Bayesian methods modelled potential impact across...
A Stakeholder engagement meeting on the implementation of post-discharge malaria chemoprevention (PDMC) in Benin, Kenya, Malawi, and Uganda was held Nairobi, 27 September 2023. Representatives from respective National Malaria Control Programmes, World Health Organization (WHO) Geneva, Africa Regional Kenya offices, research partners, non-governmental organizations, Medicines for Venture participated. PDMC recommended by WHO June 2022 involves provision a full anti-malarial treatment course...
Ivermectin is being considered for mass drug administration malaria, due to its ability kill mosquitoes feeding on recently treated individuals. In a recent trial, 3-day courses of 300 and 600 mcg/kg/day were shown Anopheles at least 28 days post-treatment when fed patients' venous blood using membrane assays. Direct skin humans may lead higher mosquito mortality, as ivermectin capillary concentrations are higher. We compared mortality following direct feeding.
Children hospitalised with severe anaemia in malaria endemic areas Africa are at high risk of readmission or death within 6 months post-discharge. Currently, no strategy specifically addresses this period. In Malawi, 3 post-discharge chemoprevention (PMC) monthly treatment courses artemether-lumefantrine given discharge and 1 2 prevented 30% all-cause readmissions by Another efficacy trial is needed before a policy can be considered for the management children under 5 years age living areas....
Limited evidence suggests that children in sub-Saharan Africa hospitalized with all-cause severe anemia or acute malnutrition (SAM) are at high risk of dying the first few months after discharge. We aimed to compare risks post-discharge mortality by health condition among an area malaria transmission western Kenya. conducted a retrospective cohort study recently discharged aged < 5 years using data from and demographic surveillance system included household pediatric in-hospital...
Background: RTS,S/AS01E malaria vaccine (RTS,S) was introduced by national immunization programmes in Ghana, Kenya, and Malawi 2019 large-scale pilot schemes. Prospective evaluations were conducted to address questions about feasibility effectiveness, assess safety signals that had been observed the phase 3 trial, before recommending wider use. One-hundred-fifty-eight clusters (66 districts Ghana; 46 sub-counties Kenya; groups of clinic catchment areas Malawi) randomized early or delayed...
Abstract Severe malarial anaemia can be fatal if not promptly treated. Hospital studies may under-represent the true burden because cases often occur in settings with poor access to healthcare. We estimate relationship of community prevalence malaria infection and severe incidence hospital, using survey data from 21 countries hospital Kenya, Tanzania Uganda. The estimated percentage that were hospitalised is low consistent for Kenya (21% (95% CrI: 7%, 47%)), (18% 5%, 52%)) Uganda (23% 9%,...
Abstract Background Screen-and-treat strategies with sensitive diagnostic tests may reduce malaria-associated adverse pregnancy outcomes. We conducted a accuracy study to evaluate new point-of-care screen pregnant women for malaria at their first antenatal visit in western Kenya. Methods Consecutively were tested Plasmodium infection by expert microscopy, conventional rapid test (cRDT), ultra RDT (usRDT), and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). Photoinduced electron-transfer...
Abstract Background In sub-Saharan Africa, the material and human capacity to diagnose patients reporting with fever healthcare providers is largely insufficient. Febrile are typically treated presumptively antimalarials and/or antibiotics. Such over-prescription can lead drug resistance involves unnecessary costs health system. International funding for malaria currently not sufficient control malaria. Transition domestic challenged by UHC efforts recent COVID-19 outbreak. Herewith we...
The first COVID-19 case in a healthcare worker Kenya was reported on March 30, 2020, Nairobi, leading to 41-day closure of the health facility where he had worked. We assessed infection prevention and control (IPC) activities implemented recommendations re-open operate facility. conducted risk assessment April 2020 using modified World Health Organization, six-element IPC tool. were made, follow-up their implementation July 2020. Breaches measures included poor ventilation most service...
<h3>Background</h3> The RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine was introduced in Ghana, Kenya, and Malawi 2019. Evaluation includes case-control studies designed to monitor individual-level safety effectiveness complement population-level estimates derived from the MVPE. Here, we discuss design practical considerations for conducting measure against severe malaria, need a 4th dose, assessment of outcomes. <h3>Methods</h3> For study aimed estimate primary 3 doses, dose. We also rebound, if any, children...