A5063635915- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Medical Imaging and Pathology Studies
- Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- Sarcoidosis and Beryllium Toxicity Research
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
- Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Pleural and Pulmonary Diseases
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Health Literacy and Information Accessibility
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosis and Management
- Clinical Reasoning and Diagnostic Skills
- Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology
- Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms
- Innovations in Medical Education
- Management of metastatic bone disease
- Occupational and environmental lung diseases
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research and Treatments
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
St. Vincent's University Hospital
2013-2023
University College Dublin
2014-2023
Metropolitan University
2023
Conway School of Landscape Design
2015
Department of Health and Aged Care
2013
Cornell University
2008-2012
London Chest Hospital
2011
Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
2006-2010
Beaumont Hospital
2007-2010
Mercy University Hospital
2010
To assess the cancer risk in children and adolescents following exposure to low dose ionising radiation from diagnostic computed tomography (CT) scans.Population based, cohort, data linkage study Australia. COHORT MEMBERS: 10.9 million people identified Australian Medicare records, aged 0-19 years on 1 January 1985 or born between 31 December 2005; all exposures CT scans funded by during 1985-2005 were for this cohort. Cancers diagnosed cohort members up 2007 obtained through national...
The small airway epithelium (SAE), the cell population that covers human surface from 6th generation of branching to alveoli, is major site lung disease caused by smoking. focus this study provide quantitative assessment SAE transcriptome in resting state and response chronic cigarette smoking using massive parallel mRNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). data demonstrate 48% expressed genes are ubiquitous, shared with many tissues, 52% enriched population. most highly gene, SCGB1A1, characteristic Clara...
To assess the effect of a rapid needle-out patient-rollover time approach on rate pneumothorax after computed tomography (CT)-guided transthoracic needle biopsy pulmonary nodules.The institutional review board approved study, and all patients gave written informed consent. Between January 2008 December 2009, percutaneous CT-guided lung was performed in 201 patients. Eighty-one biopsies were without (group 1) 120 with 2) (defined as between removal placing patient biopsy-side down)....
Abstract Background Digital health technology (DHT) promises to support patients and healthcare professionals (HCPs) optimize the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, there is a lack evidence demonstrating effectiveness DHT for COPD. One reason this user-involvement in development interventions COPD meaning their needs preferences are rarely accounted design phase. Although HCP adoption issues have been identified relation DHT, little known about challenges...
Elafin is a neutrophil serine protease inhibitor expressed in lung and displaying anti-inflammatory anti-bacterial properties. Previous studies demonstrated that some innate host defense molecules of the cystic fibrosis (CF) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease airways are impaired due to increased proteolytic degradation observed during inflammation. In light these findings, we thus focused on status elafin CF lung. We showed present study cleaved sputum from individuals with CF....
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and its receptor are part of the incretin family hormones that regulate glucose metabolism. GLP-1 also has immune modulatory roles.To measure expression (GLP-1R) on eosinophils neutrophils in normal asthmatic subjects evaluate effects a analog eosinophil function.Peripheral blood samples were taken from 10 allergic subjects. GLP-1R was measured neutrophils. Subsequently, underwent allergen diluent inhalation challenges, measured. Purified eosinophils,...
Objective Non-adherence to self-management plans in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) results poorer outcomes for patients. Digital health technology (DHT) promises support by enhancing the sense of control patients possess over their disease. COPD digital studies have yet show significant evidence improved patients, with many user-adoption issues still present literature. To help better address adoption needs this paper explores perceived barriers and facilitators DHT. Methods A...
The serine anti-protease elafin is expressed by monocytes, alveolar macrophages, neutrophils, and at mucosal surfaces possesses antimicrobial activity. It also known to reduce lipopolysaccharide-induced neutrophil influx into murine alveoli as well abrogate production of matrix metalloprotease 9, macrophage inhibitory protein 2, tumor necrosis factor-alpha as-yet unidentified mechanisms. In this report we have shown that inhibits the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in monocytes inhibiting...
Abstract The cathepsin inhibitor Cystatin A (CSTA) has antiapoptotic properties linked with neoplastic changes in squamous cell epithelium, where it been proposed as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of lung cancer. Notably, cystatin is upregulated dysplastic prompting us to hypothesize that might be modulated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), small airway epithelial (SAE) disorder risk factor for non–small cancer (NSCLC) subset smokers. Here we report genetic variation,...
Engaging chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients to actively participate in self-management has proven difficult. Digital health technology (DHT) promises facilitate a patient-centred care model for the management of COPD by empowering self-manage effectively. However, digital studies have yet demonstrate significant patient outcomes, suggesting that this research still adequately address needs intervention development process. The current study explored patients' perceptions...
Introduction Many patients with asthma remain poorly controlled despite the use of inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting beta agonists. Poor control may arise from inadequate adherence, incorrect inhaler technique or because condition is refractory. Without having an objective assessment clinicians inadvertently add extra medication instead addressing adherence. This study aims to assess if incorporating objectively recorded adherence Inhaler Compliance Assessment (INCA) device lung...
We aimed to prospectively evaluate anatomic chest computed tomography (CT) with tissue characterization late gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the evaluation of pulmonary fibrosis (PF). METHODSTwenty patients idiopathic (IPF) and twelve control underwent late-enhanced MRI high-resolution CT.Tissue PF was depicted using a segmented inversion-recovery turbo low-angle shot sequence.Pulmonary arterial blood pool nulling achieved by main artery signal.Images were read random...
Abstract Elafin is a 6-kDa innate immune protein present at several epithelial surfaces including the pulmonary epithelium. It canonical protease inhibitor of two neutrophil serine proteases [neutrophil elastase (NE) and proteinase 3] with capacity to covalently bind extracellular matrix proteins by transglutamination. In addition these properties, elafin also possesses antimicrobial immunomodulatory activities. The aim study was investigate effect Pseudomonas aeruginosa on function. We...
Emphysema and fibrosis, typically the idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) form of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP), can co-exist as combined emphysema (CPFE). It is unknown whether there a pathobiologic basis for CPFE beyond coexistence emphysema. The aim this study was to ascertain radiologic differences in severity smokers with IPF versus other forms UIP.Computed tomography thorax images were prospectively rescored retrospectively identified (minimum 5-pack-year history) UIP (any...
Introduction Treatment with biologics for severe asthma is informed by international and national guidelines defined regulating bodies, but how these drugs are used in real-life unknown. Materials methods The European Respiratory Society (ERS) SHARP Clinical Research Collaboration conducted a three-step survey collecting information on use Europe. Five geographically distant countries the questions, focusing seven end-points: availability financial issues, prescription administration...
There is increasing interest in the role of lipids processes that modulate lung fibrosis with evidence lipid deposition idiopathic pulmonary (IPF) histological specimens. The aim this study was to identify measurable markers may have utility as IPF biomarkers.IPF and control biopsy specimens were analysed using a unbiased lipidomic approach. Pulmonary fat attenuation volume (PFAV) assessed on chest CT images (CTPFAV ) 3D semi-automated density software. Aerated semi-automatically segmented...
The glutathione S -transferase (GST) enzymes catalyse the conjugation of xenobiotics to glutathione. Based on reports that inherited copy number variations (CNVs) modulate some GST gene expression levels, and small airway epithelium (SAE) alveolar macrophages (AMs) are involved early in pathogenesis smoking-induced lung disease, we asked: do germline CNVs levels SAE AMs? Microarrays were used survey determine genotypes AMs obtained by bronchoscopy from current smokers nonsmokers. 26%...
Accurate imaging detection and quantification of fibrotic pulmonary sarcoid is important for diagnosis, treatment prognosis. 1–3 The gold-standard non-invasive test remains high resolution chest computed tomography (HRCT), which now widely utilized worldwide in the diagnosis follow-up sarcoid, has been used extensively numerous clinical drug trials an outcome measure sarcoid. 4–7 However, it typically relies on anatomical depiction fibrosis, characterized by traction bronchiectasis,...
Intra cardiac tumours and tumour thrombi can present in a manner resembling massive pulmonary embolism. Intravascular leiomyomatosis with intracardiac extension is one such rare tumour. Survival from obstructive shock this condition has not been previously reported.A case presented of female who recurrent syncope, cyanosis then circulatory shock. An intravascular mass was suspected. Due to refractory shock, she ultimately underwent single stage median sternotomy exploratory laparotomy,...