Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) is a major endothelial receptor for lipoprotein, and assumed to play proatherogenic role in atherosclerosis. LOX-1 expression induced by inflammatory cytokines as well stimuli. protein binds aged/apoptotic cells, activated platelets, bacteria, suggesting that it may have diverse activities vivo . Here, we reveal endotoxin-induced inflammation. In model of endotoxemia, injection high dose endotoxin into rats leukopenia within 1 h...

To investigate the role of Y-27632, a specific inhibitor Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) in regulating human Tenon fibroblast (HTF) activities including proliferation, adhesion, contraction, migratory response, and myofibroblast transdifferentiation. Effects Y-27632 on prevention postoperative scar formation were also examined rabbit model glaucoma filtration surgery.After treatment HTFs with cell toxicity, migration, contraction studied. The cytoskeleton alpha-smooth muscle actin...

Purpose.: To investigate the effect of a specific inhibitor Rho-associated protein kinase, Y-27632, on monkey Schlemm's canal endothelial (SCE) cells. Methods.: SCE cells were isolated from cynomolgus eyes. The effects Y-27632 aqueous outflow facility evaluated using enucleated eyes and constant-pressure perfusion system. barrier function confluent SCE-cell monolayer was by measuring transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) fluorescein permeability. Y-27632–induced changes in...

<h3>Objective</h3> To elucidate the roles of protein kinase in regulating intraocular pressure (IOP) and outflow facility rabbit eyes. <h3>Materials Methods</h3> A inhibitor, 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-homopiperazine(HA1077), was used. The IOP were measured before after topical, intracameral, or intravitreal administration HA1077 rabbits. Western blot analysis performed to detect 20-kd light chain myosin human trabecular meshwork (TM) cells bovine ciliary muscle (CM) tissues. cell...

Purpose: To compare the levels of autotaxin (ATX), lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) in aqueous humor (AH) healthy control subjects with those patients different subtypes glaucoma, also to investigate relationship ATX–LPA pathway IOP subtype glaucoma. Methods: This study included 164 eyes consecutive cases cataract glaucoma surgery (37 healthy, 31 normal tension 49 primary open angle 28 secondary 19 exfoliation glaucoma). Aqueous LPA, LPC, ATX were quantified...

The primary treatment for glaucoma, the most common cause of intermediate vision impairment, involves administering ocular hypotensive drugs in form topical eye drops. Observing real-time changes that pass through cornea and reach anterior chamber is crucial improving developing safe, reliable, effective medical treatments. Traditional methods measuring temporal drug concentrations aqueous humor employ separation analyzers such as LC–MS/MS. However, this technique requires multiple...

<h3>Background</h3> Retinal ishchemia–induced neuronal death is believed to be a direct causal process in the development of many ocular diseases. The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, statin, known improve endothelial function proinflammatory conditions. <h3>Objective</h3> To investigate effects statin on leukocyte accumulation during ischemia-reperfusion injury and subsequent retinal damage. <h3>Methods</h3> Transient ischemia was induced Long-Evans rats for 60...

Dexamethasone (Dex) regulates aqueous humor outflow by inducing reorganization of the cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix (ECM) production. Rho kinase (ROCK) has an important role in this process, but upstream pathway leading to its activation remains elusive. The purpose study was determine autotaxin (ATX), enzyme involved generation lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), Dex-induced fibrotic response ECM production human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells.The expression ATX specimens from glaucoma...

Abstract The purpose of this study is to examine if aqueous autotaxin (ATX) and TGF-β levels could be used for differentiating glaucoma subtypes. This prospective observational was performed using humor samples obtained from 281 consecutive patients. Open angle patients were classified into three groups: primary open-angle (POAG), secondary (SOAG), exfoliation (XFG). Aqueous ATX TGF-βs quantified. AUC as well sensitivity specificity the classification normal subtypes four indicators-ATX,...

The trabecular meshwork (TM) constitutes the main pathway for aqueous humor drainage and is exposed to complex intraocular pressure fluctuations. mechanism of homeostasis in which TM senses changes leads normal levels outflow resistance not yet well understood. Previous reports have shown that Piezo1, a mechanically-activated cation channel, expressed isolated cells. Therefore, we tested hypothesis Piezo1 may function response membrane tension stretch TM. In human (hTM) cells, PIEZO1 was...

Purpose: To investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of ripasudil, a Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, using endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in rats. Methods: Endotoxin-induced was induced by footpad injection lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Ripasudil administered intraperitoneally 1 hour before and after LPS injection. The aqueous humor collected 24 hours injection, infiltrating cells, protein concentration, levels monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) were determined. Infiltrating cells iris...

Abstract This study investigated the effects of omidenepag (OMD), a novel selective EP2 receptor agonist, on human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells, monkey Schlemm’s canal endothelial (SCE) and porcine ciliary muscle (CM) to clarify mechanism intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction involving conventional outflow pathway. In HTM SCE OMD transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2)-induced changes were examined. The expression actin cytoskeleton extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, myosin light chain...

Glutamate excitotoxicity is involved in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death various degenerative diseases, including ischemia-reperfusion injury and glaucoma. Excitotoxic RGC caused by both direct damage to RGCs indirect through neuroinflammation of glial cells. Omidenepag (OMD), a novel E prostanoid receptor 2 (EP2) agonist, recently approved intraocular pressure-lowering drug. The second messenger EP2 cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), which activates protein kinase A (PKA) exchange...

This study evaluated the effects of α2-adrenergic agonist, prostaglandin F2α analog, and EP2 receptor agonist on tunicamycin-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress fibrosis in human trabecular meshwork (TM) cells. Human TM cells were treated with tunicamycin for 24 h, followed by cotreatment brimonidine (BRI), latanoprost (LAT), or omidenepag (OMD). Immunocytochemistry was used to assess expressions collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1), fibronectin, F-actin, alpha-smooth muscle actin...