A5016391937- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research and Treatments
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Complement system in diseases
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
Novavax (United States)
2019-2025
PAREXEL International (United States)
2021
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center
2013-2019
GlaxoSmithKline (United States)
2019
National Institutes of Health
2016
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute
2016
Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement
2015
University of Exeter
2015
Genetics and Improvement of Fruit and Vegetables
2015
Center for Clinical Research (United States)
2013-2015
Despite the integral role of ice nucleators (IN) in atmospheric processes leading to precipitation, their sources and distributions have not been well established. We examined IN snowfall from mid- high-latitude locations found that most active were biological origin. Of larger than 0.2 micrometer at temperatures warmer -7 degrees C, 69 100% biological, a substantial fraction bacteria. Our results indicate biosphere is source highly suggest these particles may affect precipitation cycle...
Biological ice nucleators (IN) function as catalysts for freezing at relatively warm temperatures (warmer than -10 degrees C). We examined the concentration (per volume of liquid) and nature IN in precipitation collected from Montana Louisiana, Alps Pyrenees (France), Ross Island (Antarctica), Yukon (Canada). The temperature detectable ice-nucleating activity more half samples was > or = -5 C based on immersion testing. Digestion with lysozyme (i.e., to hydrolyze bacterial cell walls) led...
Recently, genome sequencing of many isolates genetically monomorphic bacterial human pathogens has given new insights into pathogen microevolution and phylogeography. Here, we report a genome-based micro-evolutionary study plant pathogen, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. Only 267 mutations were identified between five sequenced in 3,543,009 nt analyzed sequence, which suggests recent evolutionary origin this pathogen. Further analysis with genome-derived markers 89 world-wide showed that...
Although there are adequate DNA sequence differences among plant-associated and plant-pathogenic bacteria to facilitate molecular approaches for their identification, identification at a taxonomic level that is predictive of phenotype challenge. The problem the absence taxonomy describes genetic variation biologically relevant resolution database containing reference strains comparison. Moreover, evolution, population genetics, ecology, epidemiology many still poorly understood. To address...
Dendritic cells (DCs) comprise distinct populations with specialized immune-regulatory functions. However, the environmental factors that determine differentiation of these subsets remain poorly defined. Here, we report retinoic acid (RA), a vitamin A derivative, controls homeostasis pre-DC (precursor DC)–derived splenic CD11b+CD8α−Esamhigh DCs and developmentally related CD11b+CD103+ subset within gut. Whereas mice deprived RA signaling significantly lost both populations, neither...
Intercontinental spread of emerging plant diseases is one the most serious threats to world agriculture. One disease bacterial canker kiwi fruit (Actinidia deliciosa and A. chinensis) caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (PSA). The first occurred in China Japan 1980s Korea Italy 1990s. A more severe form broke out 2008 additional countries 2010 2011 threatening viability global industry. To start investigating source routes international transmission PSA, genomes strains from (the...
Since 2002, severe leaf spotting on parsley (Petroselinum crispum) has occurred in Monterey County, CA. Either of two different pathovars Pseudomonas syringae sensu lato were isolated from diseased leaves eight distinct outbreaks and once the same outbreak. Fragment analysis DNA amplified between repetitive sequence polymerase chain reaction; 16S rDNA analysis; biochemical, physiological, host range tests identified pathogens as pv. apii P. coriandricola. Koch's postulates completed for...
Pseudomonas syringae is best known as a plant pathogen that causes disease by translocating immune-suppressing effector proteins into cells through type III secretion system (T3SS). However, P. strains belonging to newly described phylogenetic subgroup (group 2c) are missing the canonical hrp/hrc cluster coding for T3SS, flanking loci, and any close orthologue of effectors. Nonetheless, group 2c common leaf colonizers grow on some tested species population densities higher than those...
Summary While the existence of environmental reservoirs human pathogens is well established, less known about role nonagricultural environments in emergence, evolution, and spread crop pathogens. Here, we analyzed phylogeny, virulence genes, host range, aggressiveness Pseudomonas syringae strains closely related to tomato pathogen P. pv. ( Pto ), including isolated from snowpack streams. The population relatives was estimated be large its diversity higher than that on crops. Ancestors...
We studied the changes in expression of microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) and mRNA normal human bronchial epithelial cells as they differentiate from an undifferentiated monolayer to a differentiated pseudostratified epithelium after 28 days air-liquid interface (ALI) culture. After ALI, differentially expressed basal, ciliated, goblet cell markers. Using Affymetrix microarrays, 20 miRNAs were found be up-regulated, whereas 35 down-regulated compared with cells. An analysis global revealed that...
Phylogeographic studies inform about routes of pathogen dissemination and are instrumental for improving import/export controls. Genomes 17 isolates the bacterial wilt potato brown rot Ralstonia solanacearum race 3 biovar 2 (R3bv2), a Select Agent in United States, were thus analyzed to get insight into phylogeography this pathogen. Thirteen fourteen from Europe, Africa, Asia found belong single clonal lineage while South America genetically diverse tended carry ancestral alleles at genomic...
A proliferative endothelial cell phenotype, inflammation, and pulmonary vascular remodeling are prominent features of arterial hypertension (PAH). Bone morphogenetic protein type II receptor (BMPR2) loss-of-function is the most common cause heritable PAH has been closely linked to formation pathological plexiform lesions. Although some BMPR2 mutations leave ligand-dependent responses intact, disruption ligand-independent, noncanonical functions universal among PAH-associated genotypes, but...
Recurrent reports of suboptimal influenza vaccine effectiveness have renewed calls to develop improved, broadly cross-protective vaccines. Here, we evaluated the safety and immunogenicity a novel, saponin (Matrix-M)-adjuvanted, recombinant hemagglutinin (HA) quadrivalent nanoparticle (qNIV).We conducted randomized, observer-blind, comparator-controlled (trivalent high-dose inactivated [IIV3-HD] or [RIV4]), trial qNIV (5 doses/formulations) in healthy adults ≥65 years. Vaccine was measured by...
Abstract Repeated mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has been associated with increases in the proportion of IgG4 spike-specific antibody responses and concurrent reductions Fcγ-mediated effector functions that may limit control viral infection. Here, we assessed anti-Spike total IgG, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 IgG4, surrogate markers for antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP, FcγRIIa binding), cytotoxicity (ADCC, FcγRIIIa complement deposition (ADCD, C1q binding) repeated NVX-CoV2373 (Novavax Inc.,...
The mortality rate of alveolar hemorrhage (AH) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is greater than 60% with supportive care and high-dose steroid therapy. We performed a retrospective cohort analysis to assess the benefits risks recombinant human factor VIIa (rFVIIa) as therapeutic adjunct for AH. Between 2005 2012, 57 episodes AH occurred in 37 patients. Fourteen (in 14 patients) were treated steroids alone, 43 23 rFVIIa. median dose was 1.9 mg/kg/d (interquartile range...
Abstract Aims Spironolactone (SPL) improves endothelial dysfunction and survival in heart failure. Immune modulation, including poorly understood mineralocorticoid receptor (MR)-independent effects of SPL might contribute to these benefits possibly be useful other inflammatory cardiovascular diseases such as pulmonary arterial hypertension. Methods results Using human embryonic kidney cells (HEK 293) expressing specific nuclear receptors, suppressed NF-κB AP-1 reporter activity independent...
The evaluation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine immunogenicity remains essential as the severe acute respiratory syncytial virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic continues to evolve and additional variants emerge. Neutralizing antibodies are a known correlate protection for SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. A pseudovirus neutralization (PNT) assay was developed validated at Novavax Clinical Immunology Laboratories allow detection neutralizing in clinical trial sera. PNT precise, accurate, linear,...
Abstract Background IgG4, the least abundant human IgG subtype, increases after repetitive exposure to some antigens, and may induce immune tolerance. Studies have found that repeat mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination leads large proportional in spike (S)-specific IgG4. By contrast, increased IgG4 has not been observed following with recombinant S (rS) protein (NVX-CoV2373, Novavax). Whether vaccine-induced anti-S might impair immunity remains unknown.Figure:Serum anti-Spike IgG1 (A), IgG3 (B), (C)...