A5047081066- Gut microbiota and health
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Neonatal and Maternal Infections
- Immune cells in cancer
- RNA Research and Splicing
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Reproductive tract infections research
Washington University in St. Louis
2018-2025
Yale University
2015
The distribution of upper respiratory viral loads (VL) in asymptomatic children infected with severe acute syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is unknown. We assessed PCR cycle threshold (Ct) values and estimated VL diagnosed nine pediatric hospital testing programs. Records for symptomatic patients positive clinical SARS-CoV-2 tests were reviewed. Ct (i) adjusted by centering each value around the institutional median from tested that assay (ii) converted to (numbers copies per milliliter)...
The gut microbiota in early childhood is linked to asthma risk, but may continue affect older patients with asthma. Here, we profile the of 38 children (19 asthma, median age 8) and 57 adults (17 28) by 16S rRNA sequencing find individuals harbored compositional differences from healthy controls both children. We develop a model aid design mechanistic experiments gnotobiotic mice show enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) more prevalent compared controls. In mice, ETBF, modulated...
Women with bacterial vaginosis (BV), an imbalance of the vaginal microbiome, are more likely to be colonized by potential pathogens such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, a bacterium linked intrauterine infection and preterm birth. However, conditions mechanisms supporting pathogen colonization during dysbiosis remain obscure. We demonstrate that sialidase activity, diagnostic feature BV, promoted F. nucleatum foraging growth on mammalian sialoglycans, nutrient resource was otherwise inaccessible...
Abstract Background The upper and lower respiratory tracts feature distinct environments responses affecting microbial colonization but investigating the relationship between them is technically challenging. We aimed to identify relationships taxa colonizing nasopharynx trachea across childhood. Methods employed V4 16S rRNA gene sequencing profile nasopharyngeal swabs tracheal aspirates collected from 172 subjects 20 weeks 18 years of age. These samples were prior elective procedures over...
Abstract Asthma is a common allergic airway disease that has been associated with the development of human microbiome early in life. Both composition and function infant gut microbiota have linked to asthma risk, but functional alterations older patients established remain an important knowledge gap. Here, we performed whole metagenomic shotgun sequencing 95 stool samples from cross-sectional cohort 59 healthy 36 subjects moderate-to-severe characterize metagenomes adults children 6 years...
Asthma is a chronic disease of childhood, but for unknown reasons, activity sometimes subsides as children mature. In this study, we present clinical and animal model evidence suggesting that the age dependency childhood asthma stems from an evolving host response to respiratory viral infection. Using data, show societal suppression virus transmission during coronavirus 2019 lockdown disrupted traditional gradient in pediatric exacerbations, connecting phenomenon remission exposure. mice,...
Homeostatic mucosal immune responses are fine-tuned by naturally evolved interactions with native microbes, and integrating these relationships into experimental models can provide new insights human diseases. Here, we leverage a murine-adapted airway microbe, Bordetella pseudohinzii (Bph), to investigate how chronic colonization impacts immunity the development of allergic inflammation (AAI). Colonization Bph induces differentiation interleukin-17A (IL-17A)-secreting T-helper cells that aid...
ABSTRACT The gut microbiota is widely implicated in host health and disease, inspiring translational efforts to implement our growing body of knowledge clinical settings. However, the need characterize by its genomic content limits feasibility rapid, point-of-care diagnostics. produces a diverse array xenobiotic metabolites that disseminate into tissues, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs) may be excreted breath. We hypothesize breath contains microbe-derived VOCs inform composition...
Abstract Asthma is a common allergic airway disease that develops in association with the human microbiome early life. Both composition and function of infant gut microbiota have been linked to asthma risk, but functional alterations older patients established remain an important knowledge gap. Here, we performed whole metagenomic shotgun sequencing 95 stool samples from 59 healthy 36 subjects moderate-to-severe characterize metagenomes children adults 6 years older. Mapping orthologs...
Abstract The composition of the gut microbiota in early childhood is linked to asthma risk but role older patients with established less clear. Here, we used a cohort 38 school-aged children (19 asthma) and 57 adults (17 develop model that aids design mechanistic experiments gnotobiotic mice. These show enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) associated increased permeability, oxidative stress, markers Th17-mediated inflammation lungs mice following ovalbumin sensitization challenge...
Abstract Asthma is a common chronic disease of childhood, but for unknown reasons activity sometimes subsides as children mature. To understand why, we exposed mice across range ages to viral and allergic triggers asthma exacerbations airway pathology. We found that pathology induced by Sendai virus (SeV) or influenza A (IAV) occurred selectively in juvenile microbiome-independent manner, while the same phenotypes allergens were insensitive age. Age-specific responses SeV included bias...
The upper (URT) and lower (LRT) respiratory tract feature distinct environments responses affecting microbial colonization but investigating the relationship between them is technically challenging. We aimed to identify relationships taxa colonizing URT LRT explore their with development during childhood.
Abstract Mucosal immune responses fine-tuned by naturally evolved interactions with native microbes influence airway inflammation but are not routinely integrated into experimental models. Here, we leverage a recently discovered murine-adapted microbe, Bordetella pseudohinzii (Bph), to investigate how chronic colonization impacts mucosal immunity and the development of allergic (AAI). Despite persistent colonization, did observe significant weight loss in Bph colonized mice. Microscopic...