A5085639343- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Polyomavirus and related diseases
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Full-Duplex Wireless Communications
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Viral-associated cancers and disorders
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- CNS Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Antenna Design and Analysis
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
Vita-Salute San Raffaele University
2013-2025
San Raffaele University of Rome
2016-2025
Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico
2007-2025
Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele
2010-2025
IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele
2006-2024
Mylan (Switzerland)
2002-2023
Weatherford College
2022
University of Rome Tor Vergata
2020
University of Milan
1990-2019
John Wiley & Sons (United States)
2019
In 1991, the AIDS Task Force of American Academy Neurology published nomenclature and research case definitions to guide diagnosis neurologic manifestations HIV-1 infection. Now, 16 years later, National Institute Mental Health Neurological Diseases Stroke have charged a working group critically review adequacy utility these definitional criteria identify aspects that require updating. This report represents majority view, unanimity was not reached on all points. It reviews our collective...
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a ubiquitous B-lymphotropic herpesvirus, has been associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS), but direct proof its involvement in is still missing. To test idea that MS might result from perturbed EBV infection CNS, we investigated expression markers postmortem brain tissue cases different clinical courses. Contrary to previous studies, found evidence substantial proportion brain-infiltrating B cells and...
Objective: To characterize HIV-infected patients with neurosymptomatic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ‘escape’, defined as detectable CSF HIV RNA in the setting of treatment-suppressed plasma levels or more than 1-log higher RNA. Design: Retrospective case series. Setting: Four urban medical centers United States and Europe. Participants: Virologically controlled on antiretroviral therapy (ART) progressive neurologic abnormalities who were determined to have ‘escape’. Intervention: Optimization...
Background The European AIDS Clinical Society (EACS) Guidelines cover key aspects of HIV management with major updates every two years. Guideline highlights 2019 were extended a new section focusing on drug–drug interactions and other prescribing issues in people living (PLWH). recommendations for treatment‐naïve PLWH updated four preferred regimens favouring unboosted integrase inhibitors. A two‐drug regimen dolutegravir lamivudine, three‐drug including doravirine also added to the...
Abstract Background The European AIDS Clinical Society (EACS) guidelines were revised in 2023 for the 19th time, and all aspects of HIV care updated. Key Points Guidelines Update Version 12.0 recommend same six first‐line treatment options antiretroviral (ART)‐naïve adults as versions 11.0 11.1: tenofovir‐based backbone plus an unboosted integrase inhibitor or doravirine; abacavir/lamivudine dolutegravir; dual therapy with lamivudine emtricitabine dolutegravir. long‐acting section has been...
Abstract Background The European AIDS Clinical Society (EACS) Guidelines were revised in 2021 for the 17th time with updates on all aspects of HIV care. Key points update Version 11.0 recommend six first‐line treatment options antiretroviral (ART)‐naïve adults: tenofovir‐based backbone plus an unboosted integrase inhibitor or doravirine; abacavir/lamivudine dolutegravir; dual therapy lamivudine emtricitabine dolutegravir. Recommendations preferred and alternative combinations from birth to...
Abstract A drastic decrease in incidence has been observed for most human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–related opportunistic manifestations after use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). We assessed the trend central nervous system (CNS) diseases a prospective multicenter observational study involving 9,803 patients across Europe period 1994 to 2002 and analyzed patient treatment variables associated with these conditions. Overall, 568 (5.8%) received diagnosis new CNS disease....
Objective: To investigate whether the CC-chemokine monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 could play a role in pathogenesis of HIV infection central nervous system. This hypothesis was suggested by previous observations, including our finding elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels this chemokine patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV) encephalitis. Design and methods: CSF MCP-1 were determined 37 HIV-infected neurological symptoms, compared both presence severity HIV-1 encephalitis at...
Objective: To assess the diagnostic reliability of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for virus-associated opportunistic diseases central nervous system (CNS) in HIV-infected patients. Design: CSF samples from 500 patients with HIV infection and CNS symptoms were examined by PCR. In 219 PCR results compared histological findings. Methods: Nested detection herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 or 2, varicella zoster (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein–Barr (EBV), human...
HIV-1 invades the central nervous system (CNS) in context of acute infection, persists thereafter absence treatment, and leads to chronic intrathecal immunoactivation that can be measured by macrophage activation marker, neopterin, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In this review we describe our experience with CSF neopterin measurements 382 untreated HIV-infected patients across spectrum immunosuppression HIV-related neurological diseases, 73 AIDS opportunistic CNS infections, 233 treated...
Many practical clinical questions regarding the management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remain unanswered. We sought to identify and develop answers key in HAND management. Sixty-six specialists from 30 countries provided input into program, which was overseen by a steering committee. Fourteen were rated as being greatest importance. Answers drafted an expert group based on comprehensive literature review. Sixty-three experts convened...
To establish the effectiveness of cidofovir for AIDS-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in patients concomitantly receiving combination antiretroviral therapy.Analysis raw data pooled from one prospective and five cohort studies.Tertiary care centers treatment HIV-associated complications.Three hundred seventy HIV-infected PML diagnosed 1996 treated with therapy or without cidofovir. All studies had already published their results but four them, additional followup are...
Background. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and neuroimaging abnormalities demonstrate neuronal injury during chronic AIDS, but data on these biomarkers primary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is limited.
Immune reconstitution has improved outcomes for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a potentially lethal brain disease caused by JC virus (JCV). However, an antiviral treatment to control JCV is needed when immune delayed or not possible. On the basis of in vitro efficacy, this study evaluated effect mefloquine on PML and factors that may predict outcomes. This 38-week, open-label, randomized, parallel-group, proof-of-concept compared patients with who received standard care...
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a fatal demyelinating disease caused by JC virus (JCV) infection of oligodendrocytes, may develop in patients with immune disorders following reactivation chronic benign infection. Mutations JCV capsid viral protein 1 (VP1), the involved binding to sialic acid cell receptors, might favor PML onset. Cerebrospinal fluid sequences from 37/40 contained one several VP1 amino mutations, which were also present paired plasma but not urine despite...