A5008477313- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications
- Disaster Response and Management
- Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications
- Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
- Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Pharmacological Effects of Natural Compounds
- Leptospirosis research and findings
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Plant-based Medicinal Research
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- Medicinal Plant Pharmacodynamics Research
United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases
2014-2025
United States Army Medical Research and Development Command
2024
Defense Threat Reduction Agency
2020-2021
Wright State University
2010-2021
United States Food and Drug Administration
2018
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute
2010
The Ohio State University
2010
Cancer Genetics (United States)
2007
Antibodies block Ebola virus entry The recent outbreak in West Africa illustrates the need for both an effective vaccine and therapies to treat infected individuals. Corti et al. isolated two monoclonal antibodies from a survivor of 1995 Kikwit demonstrated their therapeutic efficacy virus–infected macaques. In fact, one antibody protected macaques when it was given up 5 days after infection. Misasi solved crystal structures fragments bound glycoprotein (GP), which mediates viral cell entry....
For most classes of drugs, rapid development therapeutics to treat emerging infections is challenged by the timelines needed identify compounds with desired efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetic profiles. Fully human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) provide an attractive method overcome many these hurdles rapidly produce for diseases. In this study, we deployed a platform generate, test, develop fully Zaire ebolavirus. We obtained specific anti-Ebola virus (EBOV) immunizing VelocImmune mice that...
A method of fabricating Hill-Downing type, planar thermopiles by vacuum-deposition techniques is described in detail. The present model was designed for initial heat measurements on rabbit papillary muscles as small 1 mg blotted wt, but it also suitable bundles frog muscle fibers (30–75). thermopile has 20 or 14 junctions, an active length 5 3.5 mm, and actual thickness micrometer. It effective capacity about 0.3 mcal/degrees C, a loss coefficient C - s, temperature sensitivity 1.4...
A proposed tangential flow ultrafiltration method was compared to the widely used ultracentrifugation for efficiency and efficacy in concentrating, size selecting, minimizing aggregation state of a silver nanoparticle (AgNP) colloid while probing AgNPs' SERS-based sensing capabilities. The proved be more efficient effective found tremendously boost capabilities these AgNPs through increased number homogeneous SERS hot spots available biotarget molecule within minimal focal volume. Future...
Silver nanoparticles have been shown to inhibit viruses. However, very little is known about the mechanism of antiviral activity. This study tested hypothesis that 25-nm silver inhibited Vaccinia virus replication by preventing viral entry. Plaque reduction, confocal microscopy, and beta-galactosidase reporter gene assays were used examine attachment entry in presence absence nanoparticles. To explore inhibition, experiments conducted with small interfering RNAs designed silence coding for...
Effective therapeutics have been developed against acute Ebola virus disease (EVD) in both humans and experimentally infected nonhuman primates. However, the risk of viral persistence associated recrudescence survivors receiving these remains unclear. In contrast to rhesus macaques that survived (EBOV) exposure absence treatment, we discovered EBOV, despite being cleared from all other organs, persisted brain ventricular system macaque had received monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment....
Abstract Background Endogenously produced interferons can regulate the growth of melanoma cells and are administered exogenously as therapeutic agents to patients with advanced cancer. We investigated role negative regulators interferon signaling known suppressors cytokine (SOCS) in mediating interferon-resistance human cells. Methods Basal interferon-alpha (IFN-α) or interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)-induced expression SOCS1 SOCS3 proteins was evaluated by immunoblot analysis a panel n = 10...
Lassa virus (LASV) is a significant human pathogen that endemic to several countries in West Africa. Infection with LASV leads the development of hemorrhagic fever number cases, and it estimated thousands die each year from disease. Little known about complex immune mechanisms governing response or genetic determinants susceptibility resistance infection. In study presented here, we have used whole-genome, microarray-based approach determine temporal host peripheral blood mononuclear cells...
The recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-Zaire Ebolavirus envelope glycoprotein vaccine (rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP) was highly effective against Ebola virus disease in a ring vaccination trial conducted during the 2014–2016 outbreak Guinea and is licensed by regulatory agencies including US FDA, EMA, prequalified WHO. Vaccination studies nonhuman primate (NHP) model guided initial dose selection for clinical evaluation. We summarize two dose-ranging with clinical-grade rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP candidate to...
Recent experimentation with the variants of Ebola virus that differ in glycoprotein's poly-uridine site, which dictates form glycoprotein produced through a transcriptional stutter, has resulted questions regarding pathogenicity and lethality stocks used to develop products currently undergoing human clinical trials combat disease. In order address these concerns prevent delay critical research programs, we designed an experiment permitted us intramuscularly challenge statistically...
Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) is mosquito-borne that produces fatal in humans. We recently conducted a first of its kind study to investigate EEEV clinical disease course following aerosol challenge cynomolgus macaque model utilizing the state-of-the-art telemetry measure critical physiological parameters. Here, we report results comprehensive pathology NHP tissues collected at euthanasia gain insights into pathogenesis. Viral RNA and proteins as well microscopic lesions were...
Abstract Purpose: IFN-α is administered to melanoma patients and its endogenous production essential for immune-mediated tumor recognition. We hypothesized that a reduced capacity signal transducer activator of transcription (STAT) 1 activation allows cells evade the direct actions IFN-α. Experimental Design: Tyr701-phosphorylated STAT1 (P-STAT1) was measured by flow cytometry in IFN-α–stimulated human cell lines, derived from patient tumors, peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMC). Expression...
Multiple products are being developed for use against filoviral infections. Efficacy these will likely be demonstrated in nonhuman primate models of disease to satisfy licensure requirements under the Animal Rule, or supplement human data. Typically, endpoint efficacy assessment survival following challenge; however, there exists no standardized approach assessing health euthanasia criteria filovirus-exposed primates. Consideration objective is important (a) ensure test subjects euthanized...
Lassa virus (LASV), an arenavirus causing fever, is endemic to West Africa with up 300,000 cases and between 5000 10,000 deaths per year. Rarely seen in the United States, a CDC category A biological agent inasmuch deliberate aerosol exposure can have high mortality rates compared naturally acquired infection. With need for animal model, specific countermeasures remain elusive as there no FDA-approved vaccine. This natural history of aerosolized Macaca fascicularis was studied under...
Filoviruses (Family Filoviridae genera Ebolavirus and Marburgvirus ) are negative-stranded RNA viruses that cause severe health effects in humans non-human primates, including death. Except outbreak settings, vaccines other medical countermeasures against Ebola virus (EBOV) will require testing under the FDA Animal Rule. Multiple vaccine candidates have been evaluated using cynomolgus monkeys (CM) exposed to EBOV Kikwit strain. To best of our knowledge, however, animal model development data...
Nowadays, AgNPs are extensively used in the manufacture of consumer products,(1) water disinfectants,(2) therapeutics,(1, 3) and biomedical devices(4) due to their powerful antimicrobial properties.(3-6) These nanoparticle applications strongly influenced by AgNP size aggregation state. Many challenges exist controlled fabrication(7) size-based isolation(4,8) unfunctionalized, homogenous that free from chemically aggressive capping/stabilizing agents or organic solvents.(7-13) Limitations...
In the 2014⁻2016 West Africa Ebola Virus (EBOV) outbreak, there was a significant concern raised about potential for secondary bacterial infection originating from gastrointestinal tract, which led to empiric treatment of many patients with antibiotics. This retrospective pathology case series summarizes observed in control animals rhesus EBOV-Kikwit intramuscular 1000 plaque forming unit model. All 31 Non-human primates (NHPs) exhibited lymphoid depletion gut-associated tissue (GALT) but...
Development of an effective vaccine became a worldwide priority after the devastating 2013–2016 Ebola disease outbreak. To qualitatively profile humoral response against advanced filovirus candidates, we developed Domain Programmable Arrays (DPA), systems serology platform to identify epitopes targeted vaccination or infection. We optimized assay using panel well-characterized monoclonal antibodies. After optimization, utilized system longitudinally characterize immunoglobulin (Ig)...
Ebola virus (EBOV) infection results in high morbidity and mortality is primarily transmitted communities by contact with infectious bodily fluids. While clinical experimental evidence indicates that EBOV via mucosal exposure, the ability of non-biting muscid flies to mechanically transmit following exposure face had not been assessed.To investigate this transmission route, house (Musca domestica Linnaeus) were used deliver an EBOV/blood mixture ocular/nasal/oral facial mucosa four...
Abstract Early pathogen exposure detection allows better patient care and faster implementation of public health measures (patient isolation, contact tracing). Existing most frequently relies on overt clinical symptoms, namely fever, during the infectious prodromal period. We have developed a robust machine learning based method to detect asymptomatic states incubation period using subtle, sub-clinical physiological markers. Starting with high-resolution waveform data from non-human primate...
Abstract Infection with Sudan virus (SUDV) is characterized by an aggressive disease course case fatality rates between 40-100% and no approved vaccines or therapeutics. SUDV causes sporadic outbreaks in sub-Saharan Africa, including a recent outbreak Uganda which has resulted over 100 confirmed cases one month. Prior vaccine therapeutic efforts have historically prioritized Ebola (EBOV), leading to significant gap available treatments. Two vaccines, Erbevo ® Zabdeno /Mvabea , are licensed...
Most alphaviruses are mosquito-borne and can cause severe disease in humans domesticated animals. In North America, eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) is an important human pathogen with case fatality rates of 30-90%. Currently, there no therapeutics or vaccines to treat and/or prevent infection. One critical impediment countermeasure development the lack insight into clinically relevant parameters a susceptible animal model. This study examined course EEEV cynomolgus macaque model...