A5050568821- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Thermal Regulation in Medicine
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Multiple Myeloma Research and Treatments
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Disaster Response and Management
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
2012-2025
National Institutes of Health
2012-2025
Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research
2016
Abstract Lassa fever (LF), caused by virus (LASV), is a viral hemorrhagic for which no approved vaccine or potent antiviral treatment available. LF WHO priority disease and, together with rabies, major health burden in West Africa. Here we present the development and characterization of an inactivated recombinant LASV rabies candidate (LASSARAB) that expresses codon-optimized glycoprotein (coGPC) adjuvanted TLR-4 agonist (GLA-SE). LASSARAB elicits lasting humoral response against RABV both...
Lassa virus (LASV) infects several hundred thousand people in Western Africa, resulting many lethal fever (LF) cases. Licensed LF vaccines are not available, and anti-LF therapy is limited to off-label use of the nucleoside analog ribavirin with uncertain efficacy. We describe generation a novel live-attenuated LASV vaccine candidate. This candidate based on mutating wild-type (WT) key region viral genome, glycoprotein precursor (GPC) gene. These mutations do change encoded GPC but interfere...
The 2013–2016 West African Ebola virus (EBOV) disease outbreak was the largest filovirus to date. Over 28 000 suspected, probable, or confirmed cases have been reported, with a 53% case-fatality rate. magnitude and international impact of this EBOV has highlighted urgent need for safe efficient vaccine. To end, we demonstrate immunogenicity protective efficacy FILORAB1, recombinant, bivalent, inactivated rabies virus–based vaccine, in rhesus cynomolgus monkeys. Our results that use synthetic...
Previously, several studies have been performed to delineate the development and progression of Marburg virus infection in nonhuman primates (NHPs), primarily clarify mechanisms severe (fatal) disease. After 2013-2016 Ebola disease (EVD) epidemic Western Africa, there has a reassessment available filovirus animal models utility these faithfully recapitulate human The high lethality NHP raised doubts as their ability provide meaningful data for full spectrum observed humans. Of particular...
Lassa virus (LASV), the causative agent of fever, infects several hundred thousand people in Western Africa, resulting many lethal fever cases. No U.S. Food and Drug Administration-licensed countermeasures are available to prevent or treat LASV infection. We describe generation a novel live-attenuated vaccine candidate rLASV(IGR/S-S), which is based on replacement large genomic segment noncoding intergenic region (IGR) with that small genome segment. rLASV(IGR/S-S) less fit cell culture than...
Attention has been drawn in recent years to a considerable number of reported cases comparatively rare form myeloma which occurs various parts the upper respiratory tract, resembling histologically multiple myelomas commonly found long bones but differing clinically many respects. The growths are designated as solitary plasmocytomas and pathologically may be classified malignant lymphomas, plasmocytoma represent subgroups. Many already on record (Walgren<sup>1</sup>reported one hundred...
Influenza results in up to 500,000 deaths annually. Seasonal influenza vaccines have an estimated 60% effectiveness, but provide little or no protection against novel subtypes, and may be less protective high-risk groups. Neuraminidase inhibitors are recommended for the treatment of severe infection, not proven reduce mortality disease. Preclinical models infection that closely correlate human disease needed assess efficacy new therapeutics. We developed a nonhuman primate model bacterial...
Abstract Background Ebola virus (EBOV) disease (EVD) is one of the most severe and fatal viral hemorrhagic fevers appears to mimic many clinical laboratory manifestations hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis syndrome (HLS), also known as macrophage activation syndrome. However, a clear association yet be firmly established for effective host-targeted, immunomodulatory therapeutic approaches improve outcomes in patients with EVD. Methods Twenty-four rhesus monkeys were exposed intramuscularly...
For inhalational studies and aerosol exposures to viruses, head-out plethysmography acquisition has been traditionally used for the determination of estimated inhaled dose in anesthetized nonhuman primates prior or during an exposure. A pressure drop across a pneumotachograph is measured within sealed chamber inspiration/exhalation primate, generating respiratory values breathing frequencies. Due fluctuation depth anesthesia, pre-exposure can be variable, leading less precise accurate dosing...
Abstract Background Existing models of Ebola virus infection have not fully characterized the pathophysiology shock in connection with daily virologic, clinical, and immunologic parameters. We implemented a nonhuman primate critical care model to investigate these associations. Methods Two rhesus macaques received target dose 1000 plaque-forming units intramuscularly supportive initiated on day 3. High-dimensional spectral cytometry was used phenotype neutrophils peripheral blood mononuclear...
Marburg virus (MARV) is a highly virulent zoonotic filovirid that causes disease (MVD) in humans. The pathogenesis of MVD remains poorly understood, partially due to the low number cases can be studied, absence state-of-the-art medical equipment areas where are reported, and limitations on animals safely used experimental studies under maximum containment animal biosafety level 4 conditions. Medical imaging modalities, such as whole-body computed tomography (CT), may help describe progression
Advanced medical imaging such as single photon emission computed tomography with (SPECT/CT) enhances fields oncology and cardiology. Application of SPECT/CT, magnetic resonance imaging, positron to infectious disease may enhance pathogenesis studies provide alternate biomarkers progression. The experiments described in this article focus on insertion a SPECT/CT-compatible reporter gene into MERS-CoV demonstrate that functional SPECT/CT can be inserted virus.
We previously demonstrated that small-particle (0.5-3.0 µm) aerosol infection of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) with cowpox virus (CPXV)-Brighton Red (BR) results in fulminant respiratory tract disease characterized by severe lung parenchymal pathology but only limited systemic dissemination and classic epidermal pox-like lesion development (Johnson et al., 2015). Based on these results, to further develop CPXV as an improved model human smallpox, we evaluated a novel large-particle...
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is an emerging human pathogen, endemic in areas of China, Japan, and the Korea (KOR). It primarily transmitted through infected ticks can cause a severe hemorrhagic disease case fatality rates as high 30%. Despite its virulence increasing prevalence, molecular functional studies situ are scarce due to limited availability high-titer SFTSV exposure stocks. During course field virologic surveillance 2017, we detected symptomatic soldier...
Hemorrhagic smallpox, caused by variola virus (VARV), was a rare but nearly 100% lethal human disease manifestation. smallpox is frequently characterized secondary bacterial infection, coagulopathy, and myocardial subendocardial hemorrhages. Previous experiments have demonstrated that intravenous (IV) cowpox (CPXV) exposure of macaques mimics hemorrhagic smallpox. The goal this experiment to further understand the onset, nature, severity cardiac pathology how it may contribute disease....
Simian hemorrhagic fever virus (SHFV) causes a fulminant and typically lethal viral (VHF) in macaques (Cercopithecinae: Macaca spp.) but subclinical infections patas monkeys Erythrocebus patas). This difference disease course offers unique opportunity to compare host responses infection by VHF-causing biologically similar susceptible refractory animals. Patas rhesus were inoculated side-by-side with SHFV. Unlike the severe observed monkeys, developed limited clinical characterized changes...
ABSTRACT Simian hemorrhagic fever virus (SHFV) causes a fulminant and typically lethal viral (VHF) in macaques (Cercopithecinae: Macaca spp.) but subclinical infections patas monkeys Erythrocebus ). This difference disease course offers unique opportunity to compare host-responses infection by VHF-causing biologically similar susceptible refractory animals. Patas rhesus were inoculated side-by-side with SHFV. In contrast the severe observed monkeys, developed limited clinical characterized...