A5071792613- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Studies
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
- Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
Medical University of Vienna
2020-2025
Creative Commons
2020
Bühler (United Kingdom)
2020
The SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant is the antigenically most distinct to date. As heavily mutated spike protein enables neutralization escape, we studied serum-neutralizing activities of naïve and vaccinated individuals after BA.1 or BA.2 sub-lineage infections in live virus tests with BA.1, BA.2, wildtype (WT, B1.1), Delta (B.1.617.2) strains. Serum samples obtained WT three-dose mRNA vaccinations without prior infection were...
In 2022, Austria experienced a severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) epidemic with an earlier-than-usual start (Weeks 35/2021-45/2022) and increased numbers of pediatric patients in emergency departments. This surge came 2 years after season no cases detected as result coronavirus disease 2019 nonpharmaceutical interventions. We analyzed epidemiologic patterns the phylodynamics RSV based on approximately 30 800 specimens collected year-round over 10 from ambulatory hospitalized 248...
Neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) are considered a valuable marker for measuring humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2. However, live-virus neutralization tests (NTs) require high-biosafety-level laboratories and time-consuming. Therefore, surrogate virus (sVNTs) have been widely applied, but unlike most anti-spike (S) antibody assays, NTs sVNTs not harmonized, requiring further evaluation comparative analyses. This study compared seven commercial anti-S-antibody assays with NT as reference,...
Abstract We report SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody titers in sera of triple-vaccinated individuals who received a booster dose an original monovalent or bivalent BA.1- BA.4/BA.5-adapted vaccine had breakthrough infection with Omicron variants BA.1, BA.2 BA.4/BA.5. A BA.4/BA.5 Omicron-breakthrough induced increased Omicron-neutralization compared the booster. The XBB.1.5 variant effectively evaded neutralizing-antibody responses elicited by current vaccines and/or previous variants.
Background Vaccination programmes initiated in the early 1970s reduced incidence of measles Austria, which resulted interruption endemic virus (MeV) circulation and achievement elimination status 2018. However, large outbreaks occurred 2023 2024. Aim By assessing MeV-specific IgG antibody levels, we analysed if immunity recently declined due to COVID-19 pandemic, vaccine-induced waned over long term or gaps already pre-existed population. Methods We determined anti-MeV levels a retrospective...
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is characterized by substantial changes in the antigenic structure of Spike (S) protein. Therefore, antibodies induced primary infection lack neutralizing activity against earlier variants. In this study, we analyzed whether these impact sensitivity commercial anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays. Sera from 37 unvaccinated, convalescent individuals after putative were tested with a panel 20 immunoassays. As controls, used samples 43 ancestral wild-type strain....
Abstract SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron lineages continue to emerge and evolve into new sublineages, causing infection waves throughout 2022 2023, which has been attributed immune escape. We examined neutralizing antibody responses the recently emerged JN.1 variant in comparison ancestral D614G BA.1, BA.2, BA.5, XBB.1.5 variants. tested 79 human sera from cohorts with different combinations of vaccinations infections, including 23 individuals who had repeatedly exposed Omicron. Individuals a monovalent...
Immunosuppressed individuals such as kidney transplant recipients (KTR) and hemodialysis patients (DP) show impaired immune responses to COVID-19 vaccination. Plasma Torque Teno Virus (TTV) DNA load is used surrogate for the individual degree of immunosuppression. We now assessed association TTV at time vaccination with humoral cellular response rates in KTR, DP, healthy medical personnel (MP). A total 100 115 DP 54 MP were included. All SARS-CoV-2 seronegative either BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273....
With the continuous emergence of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants, long-lasting and broadly reactive cellular humoral immunity is critical for durable protection from COVID-19. We investigated SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell in relation to antibodies, infection outcome disease severity assessed its durability a longitudinal cohort over three-year time course. identified pre-existing cells seasonal coronavirus (CoV) OC43 that cross-react with conserved spike S 813-829 peptide. These cross-reactive...
The WHO's standardized measuring unit, "binding antibody units per milliliter (BAU/mL)," should allow the harmonization of quantitative results by different commercial Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoassays. However, multiple studies demonstrate inter-assay discrepancies. antigenic changes Omicron variant affect performance Spike-specific This study evaluated variation Anti-SARS-CoV-2-Spike measurements among 46, 50, and 44 laboratories in three rounds a national external quality assessment (EQA)...
The capability of antibodies to neutralize different SARS-CoV-2 variants varies among individuals depending on the previous exposure wild-type or Omicron-specific immunogens by mono- bivalent vaccinations infections. Such profiles neutralizing (nAbs) usually have be assessed via laborious live-virus neutralization tests (NTs). We therefore analyzed whether a novel multivariant surrogate-virus test (sVNT) (adapted from commercial microarray) that quantifies antibody-mediated inhibition...
Primary infection with the Omicron variant of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can be serologically identified distinct profiles neutralizing antibodies (nAbs), as indicated by high titers against and low ancestral wild-type (WT). Here, we evaluated whether a novel surrogate virus neutralization assay (sVNT) that simultaneously quantifies binding inhibition angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) to proteins WT- Omicron-specific receptor-binding domains (RBDs)...
Abstract Withdrawal from systemic opioids can induce long-term potentiation (LTP) at spinal C-fibre synapses (“opioid-withdrawal-LTP”). This is considered to be a cellular mechanism underlying opioid withdrawal-induced hyperalgesia, which major symptom of the withdrawal syndrome. Opioids activate glial cells leading release proinflammatory mediators. These may influence synaptic plasticity and could thus contribute opioid-withdrawal-LTP. Here, we report sexual dimorphism in mechanisms...
Abstract Antibody assays with the nucleocapsid (NC) protein as target antigen can identify severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infections when polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses are unavailable. Regarding kinetics of NC‐specific antibodies, vaccine breakthroughs Omicron subvariants may differ from ancestral wild‐type virus. Therefore, we evaluated which have highest sensitivity for detecting antibodies after various intervals since breakthrough an subvariant....
<title>Abstract</title> The recently emerged Omicron variant is the most antigenically distinct SARS-CoV-2 of concern to date. As heavily mutated spike protein enables escape from neutralizing antibodies, we studied activities sera after BA.1 and BA.2 infections naïve vaccinated individuals. We show that primary yielded reduced antibody titers against wildtype (WT), Delta, BA.2, while serum samples individuals infection showed no cross-neutralization other variants. Fully were still able...
Abstract In 2022, Austria experienced a severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) epidemic with an earlier-than-usual start and increased numbers of paediatric patients in emergency departments. Nationwide multiyear genomic surveillance revealed that the surge was driven by RSV-B, however genotypes consisted multiple lineages were circulating prior to pandemic.
Abstract We report SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody titers in sera of triple-vaccinated individuals who received a booster dose an original monovalent or bivalent BA.1- BA.4/BA.5-adapted vaccine, had breakthrough infection with Omicron variants BA.1, BA.2 BA.4/BA.5. A BA.4/BA.5 Omicron-breakthrough induced increased Omicron-neutralization compared the booster. The XBB.1.5 variant effectively evaded neutralizing-antibody responses elicited by current vaccines and/or previous variants.
The capability of antibodies to neutralize different SARS-CoV-2 variants varies among individuals depending on the previous exposure wild-type- or Omicron-specific immunogens by mono- bivalent vaccinations infections. Such profiles neutralizing (nAbs) usually have be assessed laborious live virus-neutralization tests (NTs). We therefore analyzed whether a novel multivariant surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT) (adapted from commercial microarray) that quantifies antibody-mediated...
While neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) induced by monovalent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccinations are primarily directed against the wildtype (WT), subsequent exposure to Omicron variants may increase breadth of antibodies’ cross-neutralizing activity. Here, we analyzed impact an breakthrough infection (BTI) or a fourth mRNA vaccination on nAb profiles in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH). Using multivariant surrogate neutralization...
Approximately 10-20% of subjects vaccinated with HBsAg-based hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccines are non-responders. BM32 is a recombinant grass pollen allergy vaccine containing the HBV-derived preS surface antigen as an immunological carrier protein. PreS includes binding site HBV to its receptor on hepatocytes. We investigated whether non-responsiveness after repeated vaccinations could be overcome by immunization VVX001 (i.e., alum-adsorbed BM325, component BM32).
Abstract Objectives The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is characterized by substantial changes in the antigenic structure of Spike (S) protein. Therefore, antibodies induced primary infection lack neutralizing activity against earlier variants. In this study, we analyzed whether these impact sensitivity commercial anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays. Methods Sera from 37 unvaccinated, convalescent individuals after were tested with a panel 20 immunoassays. As controls, used samples 43 ancestral...
Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is characterized by substantial changes in the antigenic structure of Spike (S) protein. Therefore, antibodies induced primary infection lack neutralizing activity against earlier variants. In this study, we analyzed whether these impact sensitivity commercial anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays. Sera from 37 unvaccinated, convalescent individuals after putative were tested with a panel 20 immunoassays. As controls, used samples 43 ancestral wildtype...