A5057602104- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Economic theories and models
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Face Recognition and Perception
- Aesthetic Perception and Analysis
- Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Congenital heart defects research
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
Copenhagen University Hospital
2015-2024
University of Copenhagen
2007-2024
Hvidovre Hospital
2014-2024
London Mathematical Laboratory
2020-2024
Amager Hospital
2022
University College London
2006-2011
Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging
2007-2011
National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery
2007
Neurodevelopmental brain disorders such as schizophrenia, autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are complex with heterogeneous etiologies. Schizophrenia difficult to treat often cause major individual suffering largely owing our limited understanding of the disease biology. Thus biological pathogenesis needs be substantiated enable development more targeted treatment options improved efficacy. Insights into pre-morbid dynamics, morbid condition underlying mechanisms may come...
<ns4:p>This technical report describes a dynamic causal model of the spread coronavirus through population. The is based upon ensemble or population dynamics that generate outcomes, like new cases and deaths over time. purpose this to quantify uncertainty attends predictions relevant outcomes. By assuming suitable conditional dependencies, one can effects interventions (e.g., social distancing) differences among populations herd immunity) predict what might happen in different circumstances....
Predictions provided by action-outcome probabilities entail a degree of (first-order) uncertainty. However, these themselves can be imprecise and embody second-order Tracking uncertainty is important for optimal decision making reinforcement learning. Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging investigations in humans have drawn on an economic concept ambiguity, where associations gamble are either known (unambiguous) or completely unknown (ambiguous). Here, we relaxed the constraints...
Abstract Decisions are based on value expectations derived from experience. We show that dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and three other brain regions hold multiple representations of choice different timescales experience organized in terms systematic gradients across the cortex. Some parts each area represent estimates recent reward while others over longer term. The within these areas interact with one another according to their temporal scaling. aspects change dynamically as environment...
It is critical for survival to quickly respond environmental stimuli with the most appropriate action. This task becomes challenging when response tendencies induced by relevant and irrelevant stimulus features are in conflict, have be resolved real time. Inputs from pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) subthalamic nucleus (STN) thought support this function, but connectivity causality of these regions calibrating control has not been delineated. In study, we...
<ns4:p>We recently described a dynamic causal model of COVID-19 outbreak within single region. Here, we combine several these (epidemic) models to create (pandemic) viral spread among regions. Our focus is on second wave new cases that may result from loss immunity—and the exchange people between regions—and how mortality rates can be ameliorated under different strategic responses. In particular, consider hard or soft social distancing strategies predicated national (Federal) regional...
Despite the importance of having robust estimates time-asymptotic total number infections, early COVID-19 show enormous fluctuations. Using data from different countries, we that predictions are extremely sensitive to reporting protocol and crucially depend on last available point before maximum daily infections is reached. We propose a physical explanation for this sensitivity, using susceptible–exposed–infected–recovered model, where parameters stochastically perturbed simulate difficulty...
Dopamine deficiency affects functional integration of activity in distributed neural regions. It has been suggested that lack dopamine induces disruption interactions between prefrontal and premotor areas, which might underlie impairment motor control observed patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study we recorded cortical high-density electroencephalography 11 PD as a pathological model deficiency, 13 healthy subjects. Participants performed repetitive extension-flexion movements...
The neuromodulators oxytocin and serotonin have been implicated in regulating affective processes underlying empathy. Understanding this dependency, however, has limited by a lack of objective metrics for measuring empathic performance. Here we employ novel psychophysical method performance that quantitatively measures the ability subjects to decode experience another person's pain. In 50 female subjects, acquired functional magnetic resonance imaging data as they were exposed target subject...
<ns4:p>We recently described a dynamic causal model of COVID-19 outbreak within single region. Here, we combine several instantiations this (epidemic) to create (pandemic) viral spread among regions. Our focus is on second wave new cases that may result from loss immunity—and the exchange people between regions—and how mortality rates can be ameliorated under different strategic responses. In particular, consider hard or soft social distancing strategies predicated national (Federal)...
This technical report describes a dynamic causal model of the spread coronavirus through population. The is based upon ensemble or population dynamics that generate outcomes, like new cases and deaths over time. purpose this to quantify uncertainty attends predictions relevant outcomes. By assuming suitable conditional dependencies, one can effects interventions (e.g., social distancing) differences among populations herd immunity) predict what might happen in different circumstances....
Perceptual judgments are often biased by prospective losses, leading to changes in decision criteria. Little is known about how and where sensory evidence cost information interact the brain influence perceptual categorization. Here we show that losses systematically bias perception of noisy face-house images. Asymmetries category-specific were associated with enhanced blood-oxygen-level-dependent signal a frontoparietal network. We observed selective activation parahippocampal gyrus for...
Parkinson's disease results from the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra, manifesting as a spectrum motor, cognitive and affective deficits. also affects reward processing, but disease-related deficits reinforcement learning are thought to emerge at slower pace than motor symptoms progresses dorsal ventral striatum. Dysfunctions processing difficult study most patients have been treated with drugs, which sensitize responses striatum, commonly resulting impulse control...
When gathering valued goods, risk and reward are often coupled escalate over time, for instance, during foraging, trading, or gambling. This escalating frame requires agents to continuously balance expectations of against those risk. To address how the human brain dynamically computes these tradeoffs, we performed whole-brain fMRI while healthy young individuals engaged in a sequential gambling task. Participants were repeatedly confronted with option continue throwing die accumulate...
Spatial attention modulates signal processing within visual nuclei of the thalamus--but do other govern locus in top-down mode? We examined functional MRI (fMRI) data from three subjects performing a task requiring covert to 1 16 positions circular array. Target position was cued after stimulus offset, perform target detection iconic memory. found positionally specific responses at multiple thalamic sites, with individual voxels activating more than one direction attentional shift. Voxel...
Gautret and colleagues reported results of a non-randomised open-label case series which examined the effects hydroxychloroquine azithromycin on viral load in upper respiratory tract Severe acute syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) patients. The authors report that (HCQ) had significant virus reducing effects, dual treatment both HCQ further enhanced reduction. These data have triggered speculation whether these drugs should be considered as candidates for severe COVID-19. However, questions...
The relationship between neural activity and object perception has received considerable attention using stimulus manipulations such as masking or dichoptic presentation. Here we investigate the same problem by occluding objects with an opaque screen that acts to dissociate direct of from awareness its presence. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging measure brain when subjects viewed (faces houses) underwent occlusion found response majority fusiform face area (FFA) lateral occipital...
Most experiments on the "neural correlates of consciousness" employ stimulus reportability as an operational definition what is consciously perceived. The interpretation such therefore depends critically understanding neural basis reportability. Using a high volume fMRI data, we investigated using partial report object detection paradigm. Subjects were presented with random array circularly arranged disc-stimuli and cued, after variable delays (following offset), to presence or absence disc...
Abstract Energy homeostasis depends on behavior to predictively regulate metabolic states within narrow bounds. Here we review three theories of homeostatic control and ask how they provide insight into the circuitry underlying energy homeostasis. We offer two contributions. First, detail theory reinforcement learning are applied control. show these schemes rest implausible assumptions; either via circular definitions, unprincipled drive functions, or by ignoring environmental volatility....