A5034617920- Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Treatment of Major Depression
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Chemokine receptors and signaling
- Advanced Glycation End Products research
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation
- Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
University of Otago
2012-2024
University of Colorado Denver
2015
Christchurch Clinical Studies Trust
1996-2007
University of California, San Francisco
2006
University of Michigan
2002-2006
Plant & Food Research
1994
Cornell University
1993
Recognition of DNA and RNA molecules derived from pathogens or self-antigen is one way the mammalian immune system senses infection tissue damage. Activation signaling receptors by nucleic acids controlled limiting access to intracellular receptors, but mechanisms which endosome-resident encounter extracellular space are largely undefined. In this study, we show that receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) promoted uptake into endosomes lowered recognition threshold activation...
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a negative-sense, single-strand RNA that can initiate severe bronchiolitis in infants, as well elderly adults. Although RSV preferentially infects and replicates the airway epithelium, studies have shown has ability to infect and, limited extent, replicate alveolar macrophages. In present study, we sought characterize RSV-induced chemokine production vitro vivo, because chemokines been contribute both inflammation pathophysiology of disease. Our results...
Recent studies have raised issues concerning the replicability of gene × environment (G E) interactions involving monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) in moderating associations between abuse or maltreatment exposure and antisocial behaviour. This study attempted to replicate findings this area using a 30-year longitudinal that has strong resemblance original research cohort.To test hypothesis presence low-activity MAOA genotype was associated with an increased response exposure.Participants were 398...
Background Recent meta-analyses have raised concerns about the replicability of gene × environment interactions involving serotonin transporter (5-HTTLPR) in moderating associations between adverse life events and mental disorders. Aims To use data gathered over course a 30-year longitudinal study New Zealand birth cohort to test hypothesis that presence short (‘s’) alleles 5-HTTLPR are associated with an increased response stress. Method Participants were 893 individuals from Christchurch...
Release of endogenous damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), including members the S100 family, are with infection, cellular stress, tissue and cancer. The extracellular functions this family calcium binding proteins, particularly S100A8, S100A9 S100A12, being delineated. They appear to mediate their via receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) or TLR4, but there remains considerable uncertainty over relative physiological roles these DAMPs pattern recognition receptors. In...
Abstract The development of severe childhood asthma may be influenced by several factors including environmental and infectious stimuli. causal relationship between viral responses, such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), during early is unclear. In these studies, the ability for an initial RSV infection to exacerbate promote a more asthmatic-type response was investigated combining established murine models disease. We examined induce exacerbation allergic disease over relatively long...
Recently, separate genome-wide association analyses have identified nonsynonymous SNPs in IL23R and ATG16L1 (rs11209026; c1142G>A, R381Q, rs2241880; c1338A>G, T300A, respectively) as strong candidate susceptibility factors for Crohn's disease (CD) whites. The aim of our study was to test whether these are associated with CD a population-based cohort New Zealand Caucasian inflammatory bowel (IBD) patients.Allele frequencies rs11209026 rs2241880 were determined 496 patients, 466 ulcerative...
Background Recent studies have examined gene×environment (G×E) interactions involving the monoamine oxidase A ( MAOA) gene in moderating associations between exposure to adversity and antisocial behaviour. The present study a novel method for assessing single multiple risk factors related environmental personal adversity. Aims To test hypothesis that presence of low-activity MAOA genotype was associated with an increased response series factors. Method Participants were 399 males from...
The Eating Disorders Genetics Initiative (EDGI) is an international investigation exploring the role of genes and environment in anorexia nervosa, bulimia binge-eating disorder.A total 14,500 individuals with eating disorders 1500 controls will be included from United States (US), Australia (AU), New Zealand (NZ), Denmark (DK). In US, AU, NZ, participants complete comprehensive online phenotyping submit a saliva sample for genotyping. DK, identified by National Patient Register, genotyping...
In 169 depressed patients randomized to treatment with either fluoxetine or nortriptyline, we examined whether polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter and G protein β3 subunit influenced response these antidepressants. For under age 25 yr T allele was associated a markedly poorer while did not predict antidepressant response. However, in older, response, s,s genotype both nortriptyline. These differential pharmacogenetic predictors by age, may provide clues understanding discontinuities...
Abstract Severe inflammation and mucus overproduction are partially responsible for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-induced disease in infants. Using a murine model, we characterized the virally induced chemokine receptors mediating pathophysiological response to RSV infection, found that CXCR2 mRNA was at 4 days after infection. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated protein expressed on alveolar macrophages. Immunoneutralization of resulted decreased airway hyperreactivity relative...
Laboratory assays evaluating the effect of DNA sequence variants on BRCA1 mRNA splicing may contribute to classification by providing molecular evidence. However, our knowledge normal and aberrant events date has been limited data derived from targeting partial transcript sequences. This study explored utility nanopore sequencing examine whole transcripts provide accurate categorisation in-frame out-of-frame events. The exon structure a previously studied control lymphoblastoid cell line...
Aim: Long read sequencing offers the promise of overcoming some challenges in accurate genotyping complex genes, along with advantage straightforward variant phasing. We have established methods for and haplotyping whole CYP2D6 gene using nanopore sequencing. Materials methods: 32 samples covering various haplotypes including duplication were sequenced on GridION platform. Results: Haplotypes 52 alleles matched accurately to known star (*) allele subvariants, remaining 12 being assigned as...
Abstract Background Environmental factors, such as oxidative stress, have the potential to modify epigenetic landscape of cells. We previously shown that DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) activity can be inhibited by sublethal doses hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O ). However, site-specific changes in methylation and reversibility any not been explored. Using bead chip array technology, differential was assessed Jurkat T-lymphoma cells following exposure H . Results Sublethal associated with an initial...
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a respiratory pathogen that causes significant morbidity in infants and young children. The importance of chemokines during RSV infection for symptoms has not been fully elucidated. current study examined the effect RANTES (CCL5) on airway pathophysiology after infection. BALB/c mice produce correlates with changes pathophysiology. Animals treated anti-RANTES antibody demonstrated decreases hyperreactivity (AHR). Delayed treatment at day 5 also...
Rationale: Genetic variation of the β2-adrenoceptor (ADRB2) influences receptor function in vitro. There are reports that, vivo, bronchodilator response is related to ADRB2 genotype, and that clinical outcomes during chronic therapy with β2-agonist drugs also influenced by genotype. Whether these features single nucleotide polymorphisms or combinations (haplotypes) unclear. Objectives: Our aim was measure patients asthma stratified haplotype. This done after eliminating confounding effect...
We observed apparent non-Mendelian behaviour of alleles when genotyping a region in CpG island at the 5′ end maternally imprinted human MEST isoform. This contains three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) total linkage disequilibrium, such that only two haplotypes occur population. Only one haplotype was detectable each subject, never both, despite use multiple primers and several methods. this motifs capable forming G-quadruplex structures. Circular dichroism spectroscopy native...
Background: The Eating Disorders Genetics Initiative 2 (EDGI2) is designed to explore the role of genes and environment in anorexia nervosa, bulimia binge-eating disorder, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) with a focus on diverse populations severe and/or longstanding illness.Methods: A total 20,000 new participants (18,700 cases 1,300 controls) will be ascertained from United States (US), Mexico (MX), Australia (AU), Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ), Sweden (SE), Denmark (DK)....
Eating disorders -including anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder-are clinically distinct but exhibit symptom overlap diagnostic crossover. Genomic analyses have mostly examined AN. We conducted the first genomic meta-analysis of behaviour (BE; 39,279 cases, 1,227,436 controls), alongside new AN (24,223 1,243,971 controls) its subtypes (all European ancestries). identified six loci associated with BE, including higher body mass index (BMI) impulse-control...