A5085284218- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Carbohydrate Chemistry and Synthesis
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Biochemical and Molecular Research
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans research
- Enzyme Structure and Function
- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Biochemical and Structural Characterization
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
- Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research
2009-2024
United States Food and Drug Administration
2000-2024
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases
2006
National Institutes of Health
1989-2006
Office of Science
2006
University of Rochester
1995
University of Leicester
1994
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
1985-1991
Pennsylvania State University
1984-1988
Saint Louis University
1986
The capsular polysaccharide was isolated from Escherichia coli 010:K5:H4; it could not be obtained a uncapsulated (K5−) mutant. It contains N-acetylglucosamine and glucuronic acid in molar ratio of 1:1. Acid hydrolysis the acidic as well Smith degradation by deamination carboxyl-reduced suggested that is composed disaccharide repeating unit. data methylation analysis nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy indicated sequence 4-β-glucuronyl-1,4-α-N-acetylglucosaminyl This structure similar to...
The relationship of capsular types Staphylococcus aureus to type infection, carrier state, and phage was studied in a collection 477 isolates from 380 infection sites. Capsular polysaccharides were demonstrated by precipitation agglutination with 11 monospecific antisera. When only one isolate each considered, 63% 8 16% 5. Of all the tested, over 90% encapsulated. We did not demonstrate any marked difference distribution between blood stream or purulent processes healthy carriers food. Most...
Capsular types 5 and 8, which account for about 70% of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from the blood patients, resisted in vitro phagocytosis by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). Antisera monoclonal antibody to type 8 capsular polysaccharides (CPS) induced type-specific capsulated organisms PMN. Antibodies directed against O-acetyl moiety CPS were more effective inducing Either antiserum or reactive with native O-acetylated was most These results provide further evidence that...
A method is described for typing Staphylococcus aureus capsular polysaccharides that based on direct bacterial cell agglutination and immunoprecipitation of extracts with monospecific antisera. Encapsulated strains were identified by their inagglutinability teichoic acid The sera reacted specifically eight prototype strains.
Epidemiological, serological and in vitro phagocytosis experiments provide evidence that the newly discovered type 5 8 capsular polysaccharides (CPs) are both virulence factors protective antigens for bacteremia caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Neither nor CP elicited serum antibodies when injected into mice. These two CPs were bound to Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (ETA) form conjugates using synthetic scheme devised (Vi) of Salmonella typhi pneumococcus 12F (A. Fattom, W. F. Vann, S....
Clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus have been previously classified into eight types on the basis their capsular polysaccharide. The high prevalence type 8 polysaccharide among bacteremic suggests importance this antigen in staphylococcal disease. was purified from extracts three clinical S. different geographic and temperal origin by ion-exchange chromatography gel filtration. Gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance showed that is...
Vibrio cholerae is the cause of cholera, a severe watery diarrhea. Protection against cholera serogroup specific. Serogroup specificity defined by O-specific polysaccharide (OSP) component lipopolysaccharide (LPS).Here we describe conjugate vaccine for prepared via squaric acid chemistry from OSP V. O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and recombinant heavy chain fragment tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc). We assessed range doses based on content (10-50 μg), compositions varying molar loading ratio to rTTHc (3:1,...
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOverproduction of CMP-sialic acid synthetase for organic synthesisJennifer Lin Chun Liu, Gwo Jenn Shen, Yoshitaka Ichikawa, James F. Rutan, Gerardo Zapata, Willie Vann, and Chi Huey WongCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 10, 3901–3910Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00036a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00036a044research-articleACS...
Juvenile and infant rhesus monkeys were injected subcutaneously with saline solutions of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) pneumococcus 6A (Pn6A) capsular polysaccharides conjugated to either tetanus toxoid (TT), horseshoe crab hemocyanin, or cholera toxin (CT), the antibody responses both bacterial components measured. All three Hib conjugates immunogenic elicited booster responses; their comparative immunogenicity was Hib-CT greater than Hib-TT Hib-horseshoe hemocyanin. alone did not...
Abstract The Escherichia coli CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid (CMP-NeuAc) synthetase gene is located on a 3.3-kilobase (kb) HindIII fragment of the plasmid pSR23 which contains genes for K1 capsule production (Vann, W. F., Silver, R. P., Abeijon, C., Chang, K., Aaronson, W., Sutton, A., Finn, C. Lindner, and Kotsatos, M. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262, 17556-17562). CMP-NeuAc expression was increased 10-30-fold by cloning 2.7-kb EcoRI-HindIII onto vector pKK223-3 containing tac promoter. complete...
Abstract N-Acetylneuraminic acid cytidylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.43) (CMP-NeuAc synthetase) catalyzes the formation of cytidine monophosphate N-acetylneuraminic acid. We have purified CMP-NeuAc synthetase from an Escherichia coli O18:K1 cytoplasmic fraction to apparent homogeneity by ion exchange chromatography and affinity on CDP-ethanolamine linked agarose. The enzyme has a specific activity 2.1 mumol/mg/min migrates as single protein band nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis....
The plasmid pSR23, composed of a 34-kilobase E. coli chromosomal fragment inserted into the BamHI site pHC79 cosmid cloning vector, contains genes encoding biosynthesis K1 capsular polysaccharide. Deletions, subclones, and Tn5 insertion mutants were used to localize on pSR23. only deletion derivative pSR23 that retained phenotype lacked 2.7-kilobase EcoRI fragment. Subclones containing HindIII fragments did not produce K1. Cells harboring pSR27, subclone 23-kilobase fragment, synthesized was...
A polysaccharide, antigenically and structurally related to meningococcal group was isolated from Bacillus pumilus Sh-17. This enteric bacterium has been implicated as a source of natural immunity (Myerowitz et al., 1973). The B. polysaccharide composed homopolymer (1-6)-N-acetyl-manosamine-1-phosphate, glycerol phosphate teichoic acid-containing N-acetylglucosamine alkali-labile alanine esters, mucopeptide. cross-reaction due the poly-(1-6)-N-acetyl-mannosamine-1-phosphate in...
The primary structure of the K13-antigenic polysaccharide (K13 antigen) Escherichia coli O6:K13:H1 was elucidated by composition, periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, and methylation analysis. consists a repeating sequence 3-linked ribofuranose 7-linked 3-deoxymannooctulosonic acid (KDO). About 50% KDO residues are O-acetylated at position 4 or 5. Measurement optical rotary dispersion indicated that in aqueous solution K13 assumes secondary which carboxyl groups engaged. serological...
Glycoconjugate vaccines are a critical component of the medical arsenal against infectious diseases. This established field continues, however, to experience failures in clinic. The lack fundamental understanding factors controlling clinical efficacy glycoconjugate is discussed while key parameters demanding focused and collaborative research identified.
The vaccine elicitation of broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV-1 is a long-sought goal. We previously reported the amino-terminal eight residues HIV-1-fusion peptide (FP8) - when conjugated to carrier protein, keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) be capable inducing responses in animal models. However, KLH multi-subunit particle derived from natural source, and its manufacture as clinical product remains challenge. Here we report preclinical development recombinant tetanus toxoid heavy...
Sialic acids participate in many important biological recognition events, yet eukaryotic sialic acid biosynthetic genes are not well characterized. In this study, we have identified a novel human gene based on homology to the <i>Escherichia coli</i>sialic synthase (<i>neuB</i>). The is ubiquitously expressed and encodes 40-kDa enzyme. partially restores activity <i>neuB</i>-negative mutant of <i>E. coli</i> results in<i>N</i>-acetylneuraminic (Neu5Ac)...
Escherichia coli K1 produces a capsular polysaccharide of alpha(2-8) poly-N-acetylneuraminic acid. This is an essential virulence factor these neuropathogenic bacteria. The genes necessary for the synthesis neuNAc were localized to plasmid containing neuBAC gene cluster. Cells harboring neuB+ allele in aldolase (nanA-) negative background produce vivo. Enzymatic could be demonstrated extracts cells expression (pNEUB) neuB alone. NeuNAc synthetase was purified homogeneity from pNEUB....
Summary The extracellular polysaccharide capsule is an essential virulence factor of Neisseria meningitidis , a leading cause severe bacterial meningitis and sepsis. Serogroup B strains, the primary disease causing isolates in Europe America, are encapsulated α‐2,8 polysialic acid (polySia). capsular polymer synthesized from activated sialic by action membrane‐associated polysialyltransferase ( Nm B‐polyST). Here we present comprehensive characterization B‐polyST. Different earlier studies,...
The K1 capsular polysaccharide, a polymer of sialic acid, is an important virulence determinant extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli. genes responsible for the synthesis and expression polysialic acid capsule E. coli are located on 17-kb kps gene cluster, which functionally divided into three regions. Central region 2 encodes proteins necessary synthesis, activation, polymerization while flanking regions 1 3 involved in transport to cell surface. In this study, we identified two at...