A5031315554- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
- Sports Performance and Training
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies
- Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
- Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
- Neurological Disorders and Treatments
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
National Center for Biotechnology Information
2009-2024
National Institutes of Health
2013-2024
Kutztown University
1991-2021
University of California, Santa Cruz
2013
University of KwaZulu-Natal
2013
Augusta University
2011
Eli Lilly (United States)
2006-2009
University of Michigan
2002-2006
University of Chicago
1990
The RefSeq project at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) maintains and curates a publicly available database of annotated genomic, transcript, protein sequence records (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/refseq/). leverages data submitted to International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration (INSDC) against combination computation, manual curation, collaboration produce standard set stable, non-redundant reference sequences. augments these sequences with current...
The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Reference Sequence (RefSeq) database is a collection of annotated genomic, transcript and protein sequence records derived from data in public archives computation, curation collaboration (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/refseq/). We report here on growth the mammalian human subsets, changes to NCBI's eukaryotic annotation pipeline modifications affecting records. Recent genome provide higher throughput, addition RNAseq results significant...
Effective use of the human and mouse genomes requires reliable identification genes their products. Although multiple public resources provide annotation, different methods are used that can result in similar but not identical representation genes, transcripts, proteins. The collaborative consensus coding sequence (CCDS) project tracks protein annotations on reference with a stable identifier (CCDS ID), ensures they consistently represented NCBI, Ensembl, UCSC Genome Browsers. Importantly,...
Abstract Comprehensive genome annotation is essential to understand the impact of clinically relevant variants. However, absence a standard for clinical reporting and browser display complicates process consistent interpretation reporting. To address these challenges, Ensembl/GENCODE 1 RefSeq 2 launched joint initiative, Matched Annotation from NCBI EMBL-EBI (MANE) collaboration, converge on human gene transcript jointly define high-value set transcripts corresponding proteins. Here, we...
Pheromones are water-soluble chemicals released and sensed by individuals of the same species to elicit social reproductive behaviors or physiological changes; they perceived primarily vomeronasal organ (VNO) in terrestrial vertebrates. Humans some related primates possess only vestigial VNOs have no significantly reduced ability detect pheromones, a phenomenon not well understood at molecular level. Here we show that genes encoding TRP2 ion channel V1R pheromone receptors, two components...
Abstract Genes responsible for human-specific phenotypes may have been under altered selective pressures in human evolution and thus exhibit changes substitution rate pattern at the protein sequence level. Using comparative analysis of human, chimpanzee, mouse sequences, we identified two genes (PRM2 FOXP2) with significantly enhanced evolutionary rates hominid lineage. PRM2 is a histone-like essential to spermatogenesis was previously reported be likely target sexual selection humans...
Human cytidine deaminase APOBEC3G and the virion infectivity factor (vif) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are a pair antagonistic molecules. In absence vif, induces high rate dC to dU mutations in nascent reverse transcripts HIV that leads degradation genome. on other hand, can suppress translation trigger APOBEC3G. Here, we studied gene evolution from five hominoids two Old World monkeys. Averaged across entire coding region, non-synonymous nucleotide substitutions is ∼1.4 times...
The Consensus Coding Sequence (CCDS) project (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/CCDS/) is a collaborative effort to maintain dataset of protein-coding regions that are identically annotated on the human and mouse reference genome assemblies by National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Ensembl annotation pipelines. Identical annotations pass quality assurance tests tracked with stable identifier (CCDS ID). Members collaboration, who from NCBI, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute University...
Since its start, the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) has sought to provide at least one full-protein-coding sequence cDNA clone for every human and mouse gene with a RefSeq transcript, 6200 rat genes. The MGC cloning effort initially relied on random expressed tag screening of libraries. Here, we summarize our recent progress using directed RT-PCR DNA synthesis. now contains clones entire protein-coding 92% 89% genes curated (NM-accession) transcripts, 97% 96% transcripts that have or more...
We describe a genome reference of the African green monkey or vervet (Chlorocebus aethiops). This member Old World (OWM) superfamily is uniquely valuable for genetic investigations simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), which it most abundant natural host species, and wide range health-related phenotypes assessed in Caribbean vervets (C. a. sabaeus), whose numbers have expanded dramatically since Europeans introduced small their ancestors from West Africa during colonial era. use to...
The Consensus Coding Sequence (CCDS) project provides a dataset of protein-coding regions that are identically annotated on the human and mouse reference genome assembly in annotations produced independently by NCBI Ensembl group at EMBL-EBI. This is product an international collaboration includes NCBI, Ensembl, HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee, Mouse Genome Informatics University California, Santa Cruz. Identically coding regions, which generated using automated pipeline pass multiple...
Reference sequences and annotations serve as the foundation for many lines of research today, from organism sequence identification to providing a core description genes, transcripts proteins found in an organism's genome. Interpretation data including transcriptomics, proteomics, variation comparative analyses based on reference gene informs our understanding function possible disease mechanisms, leading new biomedical discoveries. The Sequence (RefSeq) resource created at National Center...
When walking at normal and fast speeds, humans swing their upper limbs in alternation, each limb swinging phase with the contralateral lower limb. However, slow very forward back unison, twice stride frequency of limbs. The change from "single swinging" (in alternation) to "double unison) occurs consistently a certain for agiven individual, though different individuals may frequencies. To explain this way we use our individual variations occurrence change, is modelled as compound pendulum....
FoxP2 is the first identified gene that specifically involved in speech and language development humans. Population genetic studies of revealed a selective sweep recent human history associated with two amino acid substitutions exon 7. Avian song learning acquisition share many behavioral neurological similarities. To determine whether plays similar role song-learning birds, we sequenced 7 multiple nonlearning birds. We show extreme conservation sequences including unusually low rates...
Catsper1 is a voltage-gated calcium channel located in the plasma membrane of sperm tail and necessary for motility fertility mice. We here examine evolutionary pattern from nine species rodent subfamily Murinae family Muridae. show that rate insertion/deletion (indel) substitutions exon 1 gene 4-15 times introns or neutral genomic regions, suggesting presence strong positive selection promotes fixations indel mutations 1. The number polymorphisms within appears higher than expected...
ABSTRACT In 1965, Ciur‐Izbuc Cave in the Carpathian Mountains of Romania was discovered to contain about 400 ancient human footprints. At that time, researchers interpreted footprints be those a man, woman and child who entered cave by an opening which is now blocked but usable antiquity. The age prints (≈10–15 ka BP) based partly on their association with bear ( Ursus spelaeus ) bones, belief bears became extinct near end last ice age. Since discovery, evidence itself have attracted...
Vertebrate pheromones are water-soluble chemicals perceived mainly by the vomeronasal organ (VNO) for intraspecific communications. Humans, apes, and Old World (OW) monkeys lack functional genes responsible pheromone signal transduction generally insensitive to pheromones. It has been hypothesized that evolutionary deterioration of sensitivity occurred because communication became redundant after emergence full trichromatic color vision via duplication X-chromosome–linked red/green opsin...
Background: Patients with type 1 diabetes require intensive insulin therapy for optimal glycemic control. AIR® inhaled (system from Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN) (AIR is a registered trademark of Alkermes, Inc., Cambridge, MA) may be an efficacious safe alternative to subcutaneously injected (SC) mealtime insulin. Methods: This was Phase 3, 2-year, randomized, open-label, active-comparator, parallel-group study in 385 patients who were randomly assigned receive AIR or SC (regular...
Abstract Complete and accurate annotation of the mouse genome is critical to advancement research conducted on this important model organism. The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) develops maintains many useful resources assist community. In particular, reference sequence (RefSeq) database provides high-quality multiple assemblies using a combinatorial approach that leverages computation, manual curation, collaboration. Implementation conservative rigorous approach, which...
In 1984, Helene (Am. J. Physics 52:656) and Alexander Scientist 72:348–354) presented equations which purported to explain how lower limb length limited maximum walking speed in humans. The were based on a simplified model of human the center mass (CoM) "vaults" over supporting leg. Increasing by increasing stride frequency or would increase upward acceleration CoM first half stance phase, point that it be greater than downward pull gravity, individual become airborne. This constitutes...