Gram-negative microorganisms are a significant cause of infection in both community and nosocomial settings. The increase, emergence, spread antimicrobial resistance among bacteria the most important health problems worldwide. One mechanisms used by is biofilm formation, which also mechanism virulence. This study analyzed possible relationship between formation isolates three species. Several relationships were found ability to form resistance, being different for each Indeed, gentamicin...

Background. A dramatic decrease in the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) was observed among children and adults United States after introduction 7-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV7). Little is known about IPD PCV7 licensure Europe. The objective this study to examine changes prevalence era. Methods. We undertook a prospective involving with who required hospital admission southern area Barcelona, Spain. Three periods were studied: pre-PCV7 period (1997–2001), early (2002–2004),...

The outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria presents an efficient barrier to the permeation antimicrobial molecules. One strategy pursued circumvent this obstacle is hijack transport systems for essential nutrients, such as iron. BAL30072 and MC-1 are two monobactams conjugated a dihydroxypyridone siderophore that active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Acinetobacter baumannii Here, we investigated mechanism action these molecules in A. We identified novel TonB-dependent receptors, termed...

Multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates of serotype 19A have emerged all over the world in recent years. The aim this study was to characterize highly penicillin-resistant pneumococcal strains serotype, collected Spain from 1997 2007 patients with invasive disease. Antibiotic susceptibility studied by microdilution. All pneumococci were typed PFGE and selected multilocus sequence typing (MLST). presence genes related Tn916 family transposons investigated PCR. From a total 1197...

The increase in erythromycin resistance among Streptococcus pyogenes isolates is a cause for concern. We analysed trends macrolide resistance, phenotypes, genotypes, determinants and transposons erythromycin-resistant S. collected from adults Barcelona hospital (1993–2008). Antibiotic susceptibility was studied by microdilution. Molecular typing performed PFGE, emm multilocus sequence (MLST). Macrolide genes those related to the Tn916 family of were detected PCR. Ninety-nine (18.3%) 541...

We aimed to obtain insights on the nature of a collection isolates presumptively identified as atypical Streptococcus pneumoniae recovered from invasive and non-invasive infections in Spain. One-hundred thirty-two were characterized by: optochin susceptibility ambient CO(2)-enriched atmosphere; bile solubility; PCR-based assays targeting pneumococcal genes lytA, ply, pspA, cpsA, Spn9802, aliB-like ORF2, specific 16S rRNA region; multilocus sequence analysis; antimicrobial susceptibility. By...

Adult invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) occurs mainly in the elderly and patients with co-morbidities. Little is known about clinical characteristics, serotypes genotypes causing IPD healthy adults.We studied 745 culture-proven cases of adult aged 18-64 years (1996-2010). Patients were included two groups: 1.) adults co-morbidities, 2.) adults, who had no prior or coincident diagnosis a chronic immunosuppressive underlying disease. Microbiological studies serotyping genotyping.Of episodes,...

Several metallic nanomaterials (NMs), such as titanium dioxide (TiO2), present beneficial properties with a broad range of innovative applications. The human population is exposed to TiO2, particularly by ingestion, due its increasing use food additive and inclusion in dietary supplements packaging materials. Whether this oral exposure may lead adverse local or systemic outcomes has been the subject research, but studies have generated contradictory results, reflecting differences...

The widespread use of titanium dioxide nanomaterials (TiO2 NMs) in food and consumer products such as toothpaste or contact materials, suggests the relevance human oral exposure to these (NMs) raises possibility adverse effects gastrointestinal tract (GIT). We previously showed that vitro digestion TiO2 NMs may increase their toxicity intestinal cells. In this work, we analyzed genotoxicity intracellular reactive oxygen species induction by physiologically relevant concentrations three...

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to analyze trends in adult invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) due macrolide-resistant strains and the evolution serotypes, genotypes, determinants collected a prospective between 1999 2007 Barcelona, Spain. IPD serotypes included 7-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV7) decreased from 2.16/100,000 (pre-PCV7 period, 2001) 0.80/100,000 (late-PCV7 2005 2007) ( P = 0.001), whereas non-PCV7 increased 1.08/100,000 2.83/100,000 < 0.001). These changes were related...

Understanding the potential impact of nanomaterials (NMs) on human health requires further investigation into organ-specific nano-bio interplay at cellular and molecular levels. We showed increased chromosomal damage in intestinal cells exposed to some vitro digested Titanium dioxide (TiO2) NMs. The present study aimed explore possible mechanisms linked uptake, epithelial barrier integrity, trafficking, as well activation pro-inflammatory pathways, after exposure three TiO2-NMs (NM-102,...

Abstract Background PspA is recognized as a major pneumococcal virulence factor and possible vaccine candidate. The aim of this study was to analyze the family clade distribution among 112 Spanish pneumococci representatives dominant clones patients with invasive disease (n = 66) nasopharyngeal healthy carriage in children 46). Results 2 predominant (63.6%) (54.3%) isolates. No 3 isolates were detected only one strain negative. Although four clonal complexes contained strains different...

To analyse the epidemiology of isolates serotype 6C among invasive pneumococci isolated from children and adults in Spain between 1997 2009, to characterize clones macrolide quinolone resistance mechanisms. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined following CLSI guidelines. Phenotypic characterization macrolide-resistant performed by double disc diffusion method. Genes associated with erythromycin tetracycline were sought PCR, while analysed restriction fragment length polymorphism...

Aim: This study analyzed the virulence of several Acinetobacter baumannii strains expressing different resistance mechanisms using Caenorhabditis elegans infection model. Results: Strains susceptible/resistant to carbapenems (presenting class D (OXA-23, OXA-24), B metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) (NDM-1), penicillin binding protein (PBP) altered and decreased expression Omp 33–36 kDa) isogenic A. colistin loss lipopolysaccharide (LPS) pmrA mutations) were included evaluate C. The nematode killing...

ABSTRACT We describe 66 ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pyogenes isolates recovered from colonized and infected children. The ParC S79A substitution was frequent associated with the emm 6/sequence type 382 ( 6/ST382) lineage. D83G detected in two 5/ST99 28/ST52 lineages). One isolate 89/ST101) had no quinolone resistance-determining region codon substitutions or other resistance mechanisms. Five of were levofloxacin resistant. Although fluoroquinolones are not used children, they...

In this study, we describe the molecular characterization of a plasmid-located blaNDM-1 harbored by an Acinetobacter clinical isolate recovered from patient in Turkey that putatively constitutes novel species, as shown its distinct ARDRA (amplified 16S ribosomal DNA restriction analysis) profile and sequencing techniques. was carried conjugative plasmid widespread among non-baumannii isolates, suggesting potential for dissemination before reaching more clinically relevant species.

In this study, we analyzed the antimicrobial resistance properties and T antigenic types of 511 isolates collected in Lisbon district, Portugal, from throat swabs healthy subjects (n=341), during 2000-2002 diverse infection sites (n=170) outpatients inpatients, 1999-2002. Erythromycin was higher tonsillitis/pharyngitis (27.4%) skin (21.1%), than carriage invasive (<or=10%). Differences erythromycin among children adults were noticed only for (9.3% 21.1% adults). Most erythromycin-resistant...

During 2000-2007 in Lisbon, we identified 45 bacitracin-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes isolates among 1629 isolates: 24 from oropharyngeal healthy carriers (out of 1026), 21 patients with noninvasive infections 559) and zero invasive 44). Forty-four those isolates, mainly colonization, are low-level members the cMLS(B)-macrolide-resistant tetracycline-susceptible emm28/ST52 clone previously detected Europe, but only clinical samples. One high-level isolate, associated a...

ABSTRACT A total of 91 1,480 invasive isolates (6.1%) collected from adults in Barcelona, Spain, the period 1994 to 2008 were serogroup 6 (6B, 47 isolates; 6A, 28; and 6C, 16). Throughout this period, serotype 6B (Spain -ST90) decreased, 6A remained stable. An increase 6C (ST224) 2004-2008 was observed.

In this study, we analyzed the clinical and molecular epidemiology of invasive serotype 5 (Ser5) pneumococcal isolates in four teaching hospitals Barcelona, Spain, area (from 1997 to 2011). Among 5,093 collected, 134 (2.6%) Ser5 were detected. Although overall incidence Ser5-related disease (IPD) was low (0.25 cases/100,000 inhabitants), three peaks detected: 0.63/100,000 1999, 1.15/100,000 2005, 0.37/100,000 2009. The rates IPD higher among young adults (18 64 years old) older (>64 first...