A5084454712- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Older Adults Driving Studies
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
- Urban Transport and Accessibility
- Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
- Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Traffic and Road Safety
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving
- Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes
- Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Aging and Gerontology Research
- Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Physical Activity and Health
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
University of Alabama at Birmingham
2016-2025
University of Kentucky
2024
Indiana University School of Medicine
2007-2020
Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis
2007-2020
University of Alabama
2006-2020
University of Cincinnati Medical Center
2011-2020
Tuscaloosa VA Medical Center
2020
Faculty of Public Health
2020
Independent Sector
2020
St. Vincent's Birmingham
2016-2019
<h3>Importance</h3> The appropriate treatment target for systolic blood pressure (SBP) in older patients with hypertension remains uncertain. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate the effects of intensive (<120 mm Hg) compared standard (<140 SBP targets persons aged 75 years or but without diabetes. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> A multicenter, randomized clinical trial who participated Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT). Recruitment began on October 20, 2010,...
There are currently no proven treatments to reduce the risk of mild cognitive impairment and dementia.To evaluate effect intensive blood pressure control on dementia.Randomized clinical trial conducted at 102 sites in United States Puerto Rico among adults aged 50 years or older with hypertension but without diabetes history stroke. Randomization began November 8, 2010. The was stopped early for benefit its primary outcome (a composite cardiovascular events) all-cause mortality August 20,...
Useful field of view, a measure processing speed and spatial attention, can be improved with training. We evaluated the effects this improvement on older adults' driving performance. Elderly adults participated in speed-of-processing training program ( N = 48), traditional driver performed simulator 22), or low-risk reference group 25). Before training, immediately after an equivalent time delay, 18-month delay each participant was completed 14-mile (22.5-km) open-road evaluation....
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the relationship between performance‐based risk factors and subsequent at‐fault motor vehicle collision (MVC) involvement in a cohort of older drivers. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Motor Vehicle Administration (MVA) field sites Maryland. PARTICIPANTS: Of 4,173 drivers invited to participate study, 2,114 individuals aged 55 96 agreed do so. These analyses focus on 1,910 recruited through MVA sites. MEASUREMENTS: Gross Impairment Screening Battery, which included...
<h3>Importance</h3> Cognitive decline is a major cause of disability in stroke survivors. The magnitude survivors' cognitive changes after uncertain. <h3>Objective</h3> To measure function among survivors incident stroke, controlling for their prestroke trajectories. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Prospective study 23 572 participants 45 years or older without baseline impairment from the Reasons Geographic Racial Differences Stroke (REGARDS) cohort, residing continental United...
The effect of intensive blood pressure lowering on brain health remains uncertain.To evaluate the association treatment with cerebral white matter lesion and volumes.A substudy a multicenter randomized clinical trial hypertensive adults 50 years or older without history diabetes stroke at 27 sites in United States. Randomization began November 8, 2010. overall was stopped early because benefit for its primary outcome (a composite cardiovascular events) all-cause mortality August 20, 2015....
Rationale Trials conducted decades ago demonstrated that carotid endarterectomy by skilled surgeons reduced stroke risk in asymptomatic patients. Developments stenting and improvements medical prevention of caused atherothrombotic disease challenge understanding the benefits revascularization. Aim Carotid Revascularization Medical Management for Asymptomatic Stenosis Trial (CREST-2) will test whether or plus contemporary intensive therapy is superior to alone primary patients with high-grade...
The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial suggested that intensive lowering of systolic blood pressure (SBP) decreases the risk developing dementia. However, an insufficient number probable dementia cases stemming from trial's early termination made results inconclusive. goal this study was to estimate effect vs standard SBP on longer term incidence cognitive impairment leveraging extended follow-up for status. This is a prespecified secondary analysis randomized clinical trial. Between...
The purpose of the present investigation was to examine impact speed processing training on cognitive and everyday abilities older adults with initial or difficulty. Participants were randomized either a intervention social- computer-contact control group. Results indicate that not only improves speed, as indicated by performance Useful Field View test (UFOV), but also transfers certain functions, improved Timed Instrumental Activities Daily Living (Timed IADL). Transfer other domains...
The Useful Field of View test (UFOV 1 UFOV is a registered trademark Visual Awareness, Inc., Chicago, IL ) measure processing speed that predicts driving performance and other functional abilities in older adults. In comparison to number visual cognitive measures, the has consistently been found be strongest predictor motor vehicle crashes This valuable applications computerized, performance-based measures are predictive elderly population can provide an objective criterion for determining...
Psychological, social, and health variables were compared in 175 Black White family caregivers of patients with dementia noncaregivers. Caregivers noncaregivers did not differ within race on demographic variables. Caregiving was associated increased depression decreased life satisfaction only families. However, caregiving appears to have similar social consequences for families, including restriction activity visits support by from outside the home. Race, but caregiving, physical...
The Useful Field of View test (UFOV) is increasingly used in clinical and rehabilitation settings. To date there have been no normative data for adjusted performance comparisons across demographically-similar, elderly peers. This study examined demographic cognitive influences on the UFOV a sample 2759 participants (65-94 years age). Performance was found to differ by age education. Regression analyses relative contributions age, education, mental status, vision, health performance. All...
<i>Background:</i> Evidence establishing the potential for modification of cognitive functioning in later adulthood has begun to accumulate. <i>Objective:</i> The primary goal current study was evaluate, among older adults, extent which standardized speed processing training transfers similar and dissimilar speeded measures as well other domains functioning. <i>Methods:</i> Ninety-seven adults (mean age 73.71 years) were administered a battery tests...
Using a large, national sample, this study examined perceived caregiving strain and other factors in relation to all-cause mortality.The REasons for Geographic Racial Differences Stroke (REGARDS) is population-based cohort of men women aged 45 years older. Approximately 12% (n = 3,710) reported that they were providing ongoing care family member with chronic illness or disability. Proportional hazards models used subsample examine the effects status measures on mortality over subsequent...
<h3>Objective:</h3> We sought to determine the relationship of greater adherence Mediterranean diet (MeD) and likelihood incident cognitive impairment (ICI) evaluate interaction race vascular risk factors. <h3>Methods:</h3> A prospective, population-based, cohort individuals enrolled in Reasons for Geographic Racial Differences Stroke (REGARDS) Study 2003–2007, excluding participants with history stroke, impaired status at baseline, missing data on Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ), was...
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) involves subtle functional losses that may include decrements in driving skills. We compared 46 participants with MCI to 59 cognitively normal controls on a evaluation conducted by rehabilitation specialist who was blinded participants' classification. Participants demonstrated significantly lower performance than ratings of global and discrete maneuvers, but these differences were not at the level frank impairments. Rather, simply less optimal, which lesser...
Life's Simple 7 is a new metric based on modifiable health behaviors and factors that the American Heart Association uses to promote improvements cardiovascular (CVH). We hypothesized better scores are associated with lower incidence of cognitive impairment.For this prospective cohort study, we included REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) participants aged 45+ who had normal global status at baseline no history stroke (N=17 761). calculated score (range, 0 14)...
<h3>Importance</h3> The high prevalence of hypertension among the US black population is a major contributor to disparities in life expectancy; however, causes for higher incidence adults are unknown. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate potential factors associated with risk incident adults. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Prospective cohort study white selected from longitudinal 30 239 participants as not having at baseline (2003-2007) participating follow-up visit 9.4 years (median)...
<h3>Objective:</h3> To examine vascular risk factors, as measured by the Framingham Stroke Risk Profile (FSRP), to predict incident cognitive impairment in a large, national sample of black and white adults age 45 years older. <h3>Methods:</h3> Participants included subjects without stroke at baseline from Reasons for Geographic Racial Differences (REGARDS) study with least 2 function assessments during follow-up (n = 23,752). Incident was defined decline score 5 or 6 (of possible points)...
Previous studies have provided conflicting evidence on whether being a family caregiver is associated with increased or decreased risk for all-cause mortality. This study examined 3,503 caregivers enrolled in the national Reasons Geographic and Racial Differences Stroke (REGARDS) Study showed differences mortality from 2003 to 2012 compared propensity-matched sample of noncaregivers. Caregivers were individually matched noncaregivers by using propensity score matching procedure based 15...