Active elimination of apoptotic cells is very important for maintaining homeostasis early embryos. Recent observations on mouse blastocysts freshly isolated from healthy dams have shown that the majority incidentally occurring eliminated by neighbouring embryonic cells. Some escape phagocytosis, but frequency such processes usually does not exceed 10%. The aim current study was to evaluate whether non-professional phagocytes can respond experimentally induced increase in apoptosis increasing...

Abstract Objectives This study describes the presence of glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3) in mice oocytes, preimplantation embryos (O/PEs), and female genital organs during period pregnancy. Background Glutathione 3, antioxidant enzyme, is important protecting cells against oxidative stress. Methods O/PEs were isolated from superovulated females for immunofluorescence analysis these used immunohistochemistry to detect GPx3. Results GPx3 was present all O/PEs, where it formed clusters...

Abstract Free amino acids are present in the natural environment of preimplantation embryo, and their availability can influence early embryo development. Glutamic acid is one with highest concentrations female reproductive fluids, we investigated whether glutamic acid/glutamate affect development by acting through cell membrane receptors. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, detected 15 ionotropic glutamate receptor transcripts 8 metabotropic mouse ovulated oocytes and/or...

Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), a member of the serine/threonine protein kinases family, is involved in multiple steps mitotic progression. It regulates centrosome maturation, spindle formation, and cytokinesis. While studied extensively somatic cells, little known about PLK1 activities mammalian preimplantation embryo. We examined role one-cell mouse Western blotting showed that content increased significantly during S-phase stage declined first division. Activation preceded nuclear envelope...

Summary Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is involved in essential events of cell cycle including mitosis which it participates centrosomal microtubule nucleation, spindle bipolarity establishment and cytokinesis. Although PLK1 function has been studied cycling cancer cells, only limited data are known about its role the first mammalian zygotes. During 1-cell stage mouse embryo development, acentriolar formed shift from to formation progresses gradually throughout preimplantation stage, thus...

To investigate possible involvement of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in mediating effects maternal stress or therapeutically administered glucocorticoids on early embryo, we analyzed the expression GR subtypes ovulated mouse oocytes and preimplantation embryos. RT-PCR analysis results showed that GRα GRγ transcripts are relatively highly expressed oocytes, both present at lower amounts We also detected low two other splice variants, GRβ a transcript orthologous to human GR-P subtype, mainly...

Aurora-A kinase (AURKA), a member of the serine/threonine protein family, is involved in multiple steps mitotic progression. It regulates centrosome maturation, spindle formation, and cytokinesis. While studied extensively somatic cells, little information known about AURKA early cleavage mouse embryo with respect to acentrosomal assembly. In vitro experiments which was inactivated specific inhibitor MLN8237 during stages embryogenesis documented gradual arrest ability embryo....

Abstract Apoptosis is a physiological process that occurs commonly during the development of preimplantation embryo. The present work examines ability apoptotic embryonic cells to express signal promoting their phagocytosis, and quantifies neighbouring, normal perform task. Microscopic analysis mouse blastocysts revealed phosphatidylserine externalization be 10 times less common than incidence (as detected by TUNEL). In spite low frequency phosphatidylserine-flipping (in inner cell mass, no...

This study aimed to describe glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) in rat oocytes, preimplantation embryos, and female genital organs. After copulation, Sprague Dawley rats were euthanized with anesthetic on the first (D1), third (D3), fifth days of pregnancy (D5). Ovaries, oviducts, uterine horns removed, oocytes embryos obtained. Immunohistochemical, immunofluorescent, Western blot methods employed. Using immunofluorescence, we detected GPx4 both embryos. Whereas was homogeneously diffused,...

Abstract Purpose Several widely used substances (e.g., some therapeutics or food supplements) can act on gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, and we investigated whether the activation of these receptors could affect preimplantation embryo. Methods Transcripts all GABA receptor subunits selected proteins were examined using quantitative RT‐PCR immunohistochemistry. To analyze effects activation, in vitro culture mouse embryos with natural synthetic ligands was used. Results We detected...

This study describes the presence of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) 1 and 2 in oocytes, preimplantation embryos, mouse female genital organs.GPx1 are antioxidant enzymes, which play important roles protection cells against oxidation, may be formed during cell physiological processes.After superovulation mice, oocytes embryos (O/PE) were isolated for immunofluorescent analysis, organs removed immunohistochemical Western blot analyses.Using immunofluorescence, GPx1 was detected all OP/E, where...

This study aimed to detect the presence of glutathione peroxidase 8 (GPx8) in rat during preimplantation period pregnancy. Females were killed on first (D1), third (D3), and fifth (D5) day The GPx8 embryos was detected under confocal microscope, genital organs confirmed immunohistochemically, amount determined using densitometry. We found that is dispersed cytoplasm oocytes, while after fertilization, it concentrated granules. From 4-cell stage till blastocyst, reaction perinuclear region....

Preimplantation embryos are sensitive to maternal hormones affecting embryonic signal transduction and metabolic functions. We examined whether adiponectin, the most abundantly secreted adipokine, can influence glucose transport in mouse cells. In blastocysts full-length adiponectin stimulated uptake, while no effect of globular was found. Full-length translocation GLUT8 transporter cell membrane; we did not detect significant changes intracellular localization GLUT4 adiponectin-treated...

The aim of the present work was to investigate impact maternal obesity on DNA methylation in ovulated oocytes, and compare response vitro-developing preimplantation embryos originating from control obese mice insulin. An intergenerational, diet-induced model used produce outbred with an increased body weight fat. Two-cell eight-cell recovered were cultured a medium supplemented 1 or 10 ng/ml insulin until blastocyst formation. In derived blastocysts, cell proliferation, differentiation,...

Abstract In mouse blastocysts, the majority of incidentally occurring apoptotic cells is eliminated by neighbouring embryonic cells. Some escape phagocytosis, but frequency such processes usually does not exceed 10%. The aim current study was to evaluate whether efficiency efferocytosis can be modulated external stimuli. Experiments were performed in vitro on cultured blastocysts with a differentiated trophectoderm and inner cell mass human trophoblast line Ac-1M88. Samples assessed using...

Summary: Chest pain is one of the most common symptoms addressed in internal emergency department and has a broad differential diagnosis. They can be cardiac or non-cardiac origin. are generally caused by diseases intrathoracic organs, possibly also organs adjacent regions (neck abdomen) involvement musculoskeletal structures chest wall. often signal an acute, life- -threatening disease therefore require prompt diagnosis with immediate causal therapy. The history revealed these complaints...